Zhu Yuanzhang killed so many heroes, why didn't these people unite to resist? The reason is these

I remember an article I wrote before discussing the cause of the death of Xu Da, the founder of the Ming Dynasty. Someone left a message below and asked why when Zhu Yuanzhang killed these heroes, they didn’t unite to resist or rebel, they could only quietly Waiting to die? I think this is also a question in many people's minds, so today I will analyze the reasons with you.

It is said that Zhu Yuanzhang killed many heroes, which was later criticized by the world. Then, which heroes did he kill?

The dukes who were directly executed and bestowed to death were: 韩公李善长, who was executed on the charge of "knowing rebellious plots and not committing acts, watching both ends with suspicion, and being rebellious"; 凉国公蓝玉, was accused of intent to rebel, was executed, and more than 15,000 people were implicated; 宋国公冯胜, was given to death; 颖国公傅友德, was given to death and committed suicide in front of Zhu; , 魏国公徐达 and 曹国公李文忠 The cause of death is controversial, and it is accused that Zhu Yuanzhang died in secret.

Marquis is more, the more important ones are Tang Shengzong, Lu Zhongheng, Zhou Dexing, Chen De, Wang Zhi, Zheng Yuchun, Fei Ju, Zhao Yong, Liao Yongzhong, Yu Tongyuan, Hua Gao , Yang Jing, Zhu Liangzu, Hu Mei, Han Zheng, Huang Bin, Cao Liangchen, Mei Sizu, Lu Ju, etc.

In addition, Zhu Yuanzhang is also accused of the death of Liu Bowen. In addition, in the Hu Weiyong case and the Lan Yu case, the heroes and officials at all levels and their family members who were implicated and killed during the ten-year period were as many as 100,000. This is a shocking number.

These hundreds of thousands, civil servants and generals, have everything you need. If you form an army, your strength must not be underestimated. No wonder someone would ask, why don’t these people unite to resist? I think the main reasons are as follows:

1. The thinking of loyalty granted by the sovereign god

Since Zhu Yuanzhang led the troops alone, he demonstrated his strong leadership ability. Later, with the "Huaixi Twenty-Four Generals" as the team, he set up another door to fight the world, and gradually became one of the most powerful princes; and then to defeat all the princes one by one, sweep the world, dominate the country, establish the great Ming, and all show Out of his outstanding leadership ability-knowing people and responsible, rationally deploying, and decisive in planning, so his advisers and generals are also loyal to him and dedicated to him.

On this basis, the Ming Dynasty was established, and everyone respected its monarch. In addition, the idea of ​​"sovereign power granted by god" is deeply ingrained in the thinking of the ancients. The imperial power is the divine power, and ordinary people dare not touch and offend it easily. Furthermore, the ancient feudal dynasties of our country basically respected the cultural thoughts of Confucianism, up to the monarch. Down to the subjects, there is no outside world. So in the minds of these heroes, being loyal to the Lord means being loyal to the country. What's more, this country was also defeated by them after all the hardships and their lives.

Therefore, with this kind of loyalty thinking, they will not resist, and even "the king wants the minister to die, the minister has to die".

2. Centralized rule

After Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, he took great pains to establish the political system and strengthen military centralization. The political bureaucracy in the early Ming Dynasty followed the Yuan Dynasty. The Zhongshu Province of the Yuan Dynasty was responsible for all government affairs up and down. Its head was the prime minister, but the prime minister was highly weighted and prone to conflict with the imperial power. Hu Weiyong is a typical case. So Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the Chinese Book Ministry, so that he could directly control the civil official group.

In addition, there is no prime minister (Zhu Yuanzhang himself did not expect that he took pains to abolish the prime minister, but his children and grandchildren established a cabinet, and the first assistant is equivalent to the prime minister), he did not treat other high-ranking officials of the court rest assured,They still have a lot of power in their hands. So he established a supervision system to give some people the power to monitor and supervise high-grade officials, and they can directly participate in the performance, but they give these people very low grades and official positions, such as superintendents, which is the product of this system. This system of mutual restraint can be said to be unique.

Similarly, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the Metropolitan Government House, which was originally the head organization for managing the nation’s military, and Li Wenzhong was the highest leader of the Metropolitan Government House at that time. However, Zhu Yuanzhang divided it into five military governor houses in the center, left, front, back, and right, which were dispersed and restrained each other with the Ministry of War. The leader of the Ministry of War is the official secretary of the Ministry of War, and belongs to the civilian officials. He has the right to issue orders, but he cannot command the army. The Capitol is responsible for the management and training of the army, but does not have the power to dispatch the army. In this way, the military power was concentrated in the hands of the emperor. This is also a peculiar system of mutual restraint.

Therefore, the emperor’s power is all in the hands of the emperor. The civil servants and the civil servants restrain each other, and the civil servants and military officials also restrain each other. I would like to ask, who can make trouble?

3. Strict surveillance by the secret service organization

During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a prisoner of the state who sacrificed wine, named Song Ne. During an early dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang asked him why he did nothing the night before. Happy, Song Na was shocked at the scene like five thunders. Just when he didn't know how to answer, Zhu Yuanzhang asked someone to take out a painting, which was exactly what Song Na had when he was angry at home last night.

Why does Zhu Yuanzhang know the daily behavior of the ministers? Even some trivial things are mastered? It's as if surveillance is installed in everyone's home, which makes people shudder.

Actually, this matter has something to do with a spy organization-the inspection school, they do not have a specific uniform, no specific office location, the source is complicated, three teachings and nine streams, they may not know each other. But they all have a common master—Zhu Yuanzhang, and they spy on all kinds of information for him: civil servants, military commanders, civilians, and even military affairs. They are pervasive, like air, you can't see them, but they are everywhere.

In addition, there is a larger spy agency. They belong to the pro-military captain’s mansion. They have regular establishments, specific uniforms, and specific office locations. , Its name is the familiar "Jin Yiwei", I think, its function and those notorious bad deeds, don't need to talk more here, right? Of course, the later two factories, especially the East factory, were more guilty than Jin Yiwei.

Therefore, there are so many spy organizations and personnel under strict surveillance. If there is anyone, don’t say they dare to act rashly. Even the slightest disturbance will be known to the emperor for the first time. Doesn’t this mean that he is throwing himself into the net? ?

Based on these reasons, if someone under Zhu Yuanzhang wants to rebel, it is almost impossible to do so. But some people have tried to do this, such as Hu Weiyong.

When Hu Weiyong first joined Zhu Yuanzhang’s team, he was still conscientious and conscientious, but after the establishment of Ming Dynasty, especially after the Prime Minister of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, he became the top 100 officials. Began to be arrogant and domineering, autocratic, and defiant, even Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang didn't even look at it-all memorials must pass through his hands first. How dare it is to act? After

Hu Weiyong became more and more outrageous, and Zhu Yuanzhang also seemed to be accustomed to him, until one day, he was used to showing strangeness, so that he could raise the butcher knife and kill him.

From the reasons we analyzed above, we can see that Hu Weiyong is destined to be unsuccessful.

In short, from the time Zhu Yuanzhang raised his butcher knife to the heroes, until he drove west, the heroes killed went through different cases and things, and the process took a long time. Moreover, these people are not all gathered in one place. They are scattered in different places, in different positions, and have different political opinions and factions. Therefore, they cannot be united into a single rope, which poses a particularly threatening challenge to Zhu Yuanzhang.of.