Today, the Bay Area economy is becoming a new form of the global open economy, with distinctive features such as high openness, regional integration, innovation leadership, industrial agglomeration, and livability and industry. It is the most watched highlight of the world econom

Today's Bay Area economy is becoming a new form of global open economy. It has distinctive characteristics such as high openness, regional integration, innovation leadership, industrial agglomeration, and livability and industry. It is the most watched highlight of the world economic map. At present, the world-famous Greater Bay Area includes New York Bay Area, San Francisco Bay Area and Tokyo Bay Area. The leaders in regional development in my country are the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Among them, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has become a national strategy. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that "my country's economy has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development and is now in a critical period of transforming development methods, optimizing economic structure, and transforming growth drivers. Building a modern economic system is the key to The urgent requirement to cross the border and the strategic goal of my country's development. "Coupled with the current complex and severe situation such as the impact of the new coronavirus epidemic, the restructuring of global industrial and supply chains, the rise of trade protectionism, and geopolitical conflicts, this article proposes to create a Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay. The area has become the "fourth pole" of China's Bay Area economy, which has very important strategic and practical significance.

Connotation definition and development overview of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

Bay area and bay area economic concept definition

"Bay area" refers to an area composed of a bay or several connected bays, harbors and adjacent islands (Zhong Xiao, Wu Dan, 2012), its prominent feature is the gathering of port clusters, airport clusters and city clusters. The "Bay Area Economy" is a city group system formed based on the geographical location of the Bay Area and relying on the developed transportation system, information network and natural economic, social and cultural connections. The Bay Area economy has three major elements: coastal, bay area and urban agglomeration. It integrates the natural advantages of the bay port and the industrial agglomeration effect of modern urban agglomerations, forming an "open economic system, a developed transportation network inside and outside the area, and efficient resource allocation capabilities." , a huge scale of industrial clusters, a huge economic volume and an innovation-led science and education development environment” are the most advanced form of regional economic development. According to research, more than 60% of the world's total economic output is currently concentrated in sea estuaries, and more than 70% of urban agglomerations, industrial capital and population are concentrated in coastal areas with a coastline of more than 100 kilometers in depth. The Bay Area has become an important "growth driver" for regional economic growth. pole".

The scope of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is defined

This article defines the core area on both sides of the Taiwan Strait as the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area. This is a super-large bay area open at both ends. It has the basic characteristics of a bay area economy and has strong location advantages and development potential. The regional scope of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area can include three parts. One is the east coast part of the Taiwan Strait, which mainly includes six cities in Taiwan Province: Taipei, New Taipei, Taoyuan, Taichung, Tainan and Kaohsiung. The second is the west coast of the Taiwan Strait, which mainly includes the six cities of Ningde, Fuzhou, Putian, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou in Fujian Province. The third is the two cities of Wenzhou and Lishui in the southeast of Zhejiang Province on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait. As of the end of 2021, the 14 urban areas of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area cover an area of ​​88,224 square kilometers, with a permanent population of approximately 60.715 million people, and a gross regional product (GDP) of 9,451.9 billion yuan.

The strategic significance of promoting the integrated development of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

The realization of national reunification is the general trend of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Taiwan has been a sacred Chinese territory since ancient times. From 1943 to 1945, the International Anti-Fascist League signed and issued three political documents: the "Cairo Declaration", "Yalta Agreement" and "Potsdam Proclamation", which clearly defined the areas occupied by Japan, including Taiwan Province, in the form of international laws and regulations. All Chinese territory within the territory will be returned to China. In 1971, the United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 2758, which restored the legitimate rights of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations organization and clearly stated that "there is only one China in the world", that is, the People's Republic of China, and Taiwan is part of China's territory. The one-China principle is a recognized norm of international relations and a general consensus of the international community.In 1992, the two sides of the Taiwan Strait ended their confrontation and reached the "92 Consensus", which states that "both sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to one China and work together to pursue national reunification", which has become the basic norm for all parties to handle cross-strait relations. The early realization of complete reunification across the Taiwan Strait is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation and the well-being of the people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. It will also have a profound impact on the future and destiny of the Asia-Pacific region. As the process of national reunification accelerates, planning ahead for the development of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area across the Taiwan Strait has become a top priority.

Creating a new growth pole is a strategic measure for our country to build a new development pattern. The growth pole theory believes that the economic core formed in a region is the growth pole. The growth pole can drive regional economic growth through its polarization effect and diffusion effect. It can promote its own development by absorbing and gathering various factor resources and promoting its own development under the effect of cycle accumulation. At the same time, it can also promote the development of surrounding areas and ultimately achieve integrated and coordinated development of the entire region. According to the law of growth poles, once a region has the basic conditions to form a growth pole, it will inevitably transform the long-term accumulated potential energy into growth momentum. After more than 40 years of reform and opening up, my country is forming a "coastal bay area" economic development belt, starting from the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area in the north, the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area in the east, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in the south, and the Beibu Gulf in the southwest. Greater Bay Area. Compared with the three major bay areas of Bohai Rim, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo and Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, whose growth momentum has been fully released, and the Beibu Gulf Greater Bay Area, whose growth momentum has not yet been fully released, the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area on both sides of the Taiwan Strait is in the process of growth pole formation and development. The critical stage for the release of growth momentum, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and even until 2035, will surely become the strategic "growth pole" that leads our country to build a new development pattern.

Promoting cross-strait integration is an inevitable choice to achieve regional integrated development. Based on world historical experience, promoting regional integration development will help promote the formation of a community with a shared future. To enhance mutual recognition between people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, we need to form an economic foundation that reflects common interests. Due to historical reasons, exchanges between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait are mainly economic and trade activities between enterprises, and social and cultural exchanges between the general public are restricted. As the area with the closest geographical distance between the mainland and the east coast of the Taiwan Strait, the west coast of the Taiwan Strait is the most direct window for Taiwanese people to understand the mainland. In particular, the economic and social development results of the west coast of the Taiwan Strait will have a positive publicity and demonstration effect on public opinion on the east coast of the Taiwan Strait, and will It plays an irreplaceable role in promoting cross-strait people-to-people exchanges. In recent years, the mainland has introduced a series of policies and measures to benefit Taiwan, giving Taiwan compatriots a real sense of shared interests. According to multiple polls on the island, the number of people working, starting businesses, studying, and settling in the mainland is increasing day by day. This fully proves that the mainland is promoting the integrated development of the cross-strait economy and society with its excellent governance capabilities, and has been widely recognized by the Taiwanese people. Promoting cross-strait economic integration has injected strong positive energy.

The geographical space of both sides of the Taiwan Strait is integrated, and the humanities have the same origin. Chinese culture is the root and belonging of the souls of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. This is the fundamental reason for the integration and development of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. The continuous extension of cross-Strait economic and trade cooperation will inevitably form a community of interests based on a common economic basis, and through the community of interests, we will enhance national identity and the cohesion of the Chinese nation. This is the economic and social foundation for realizing the integrated development of both sides of the Taiwan Strait. To this end, promoting cross-strait economic integration is an important task in the construction of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area. Against this background, the construction of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is not only a new attempt to build a new pattern of comprehensive opening up in the new era, but also a new practice to implement " one country, two systems " in the new development stage.

Overview of the development of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area

The Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area includes the core part of the West Coast Economic Zone . The West Coast Economic Zone (hereinafter referred to as " Haixi Economic Zone") refers to the west coast of the Taiwan Strait, starting with Fujian mainly includes southern Zhejiang, eastern Guangdong and some cities in Jiangxi. In May 2009, the State Council issued the "Several Opinions on Supporting Fujian Province in Accelerating the Construction of the West Coast Economic Zone", marking that the development of the Haixi Economic Zone has entered the fast lane.The overall development goal of the Haixi Economic Zone is "opening to the outside world, coordinated development, and all-round prosperity." The basic requirements are economic integration, investment and trade liberalization, macro policy unification, high-end industries, regional urbanization, and social civilization. Driven by the country's preferential policies, Fujian Province has firmly seized the important opportunity of deepening cross-strait cooperation and industrial upgrading, and the national economy and social undertakings have achieved leapfrog development. In October 2013, after the national “Belt and Road” initiative was proposed, the Haixi Economic Zone relied on its unique geographical advantages to become an important node in the Maritime Silk Road economic belt. In December 2014, the State Council approved the establishment of the Fujian Pilot Free Trade Zone. Fuzhou, Xiamen, and Quanzhou have achieved fruitful results in terms of “piloting first”, institutional innovation, and serving regional development. Wenzhou and Lishui in Zhejiang Province also belong to the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area due to their unique geographical location. Currently, the two cities are jointly building the Wenzhou metropolitan area and becoming an important hub and growth pole connecting the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area and the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area. The east coast of the Taiwan Strait in the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is an important highland for export-oriented technology industries in the world. In particular, semiconductor-related industries are strong and have global competitive advantages.

Benchmarking analysis between the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area and the three major bay areas

In order to understand the development gap between the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area and the three major domestic bay areas, this article based on 2020 statistical data, in terms of economic, social, science, technology, education and transportation infrastructure and other indicators In terms of comparison, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area will be benchmarked against the three major domestic bay areas, including comparison of regional economic aggregate, per capita GDP and economic density (average GDP per area), comparison of enterprise scientific and technological innovation capabilities and higher education resources, regional Comparison of transportation infrastructure and port throughput capacity, etc. Considering that the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area belong to different tariff and trade areas, the comparative indicators are converted into RMB according to the exchange rate at the end of 2020.

Economic aggregate, per capita GDP and economic density benchmark

The economic development level of the Bay Area is an important reflection of the Bay Area’s competitive strength. This article selects the Bay Area's total economic volume, per capita gross regional product (GDP) and economic density (per capita GDP) to compare the Bay Area's economic development level. Per capita GDP is the most important indicator in development economics to measure the degree of regional economic development. Economic density represents the level of economic benefits and the intensity of land use per unit area of ​​land in the Bay Area.

From the perspective of the total economic output of the Bay Area, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is slightly weaker than the other three major Bay Areas, but it has also exceeded the trillion-dollar mark and belongs to the three major Bay Areas of the Rim Bohai Sea , Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao. Same order of magnitude. In terms of per capita GDP, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is slightly lower than the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and higher than the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area, showing its strong strength as the fourth economic pole of China's bay areas. There is a gap in development levels between the east and west sides of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area. However, driven by national policies, the economy on the west side of the Taiwan Strait has risen rapidly, and the gap in per capita GDP has continued to narrow. As of the end of 2020, it has narrowed to less than double. In terms of economic density, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has the highest economic density, followed by the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area, and the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area ranks third (see Table 1).

Table 1 Benchmarking of economic indicators between the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area and the three major bay areas

Benchmarking of scientific and technological innovation and higher education resources

The scientific and technological innovation capabilities and higher education resource strength of the Bay Area are not only the actual driving force for the economic development of the Bay Area, but also the future A potential engine for economic development in the Bay Area. This article selects the number of Fortune 500 companies published in the United States in 2020 to compare the scientific and technological strength of Bay Area companies, selects the number of patents published in the National Statistical Yearbook in 2019 to compare the innovation capabilities of Bay Area cities, and selects well-known companies published by international institutions. The number of higher education institutions is used to compare the level of higher education resources in the Bay Area.

Judging from the number of Fortune 500 companies, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is basically at the same level as the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Areas. Due to its capital advantage, the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area has gathered a large number of Fortune 500 companies and financial institutions. Agency headquarters, this indicator ranks first among the four major bay areas. In terms of the number of well-known institutions of higher learning, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is higher than the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and second only to the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area.Well-known higher education institutions in the Greater Bay Area are mainly located in Beijing and Tianjin in the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area, Shanghai and Hangzhou in the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area, Hong Kong and Guangzhou in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is mainly concentrated in the Taiwan Straits. Cities such as Xiamen and Fuzhou on the west coast and Taipei on the east coast of the Taiwan Strait. In terms of the number of patents owned, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area ranks first, and the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is slightly less than the Bohai Rim and Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Areas, but the three major bay areas are of the same order of magnitude (see Figure 1).

Note: 1. The 985/211 institutions of higher education only involve universities managed by the Ministry of Education in mainland China. Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan refer to the latest global university rankings of US News. The global ranking of higher education institutions in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan is higher than that of 211 institutions. Institutions with a lower international ranking of 1230 are deemed to be included in the statistics as 985/211 institutions.

2. The number of domestic patent approvals in mainland provinces and cities comes from the relevant chapter data of the "China City Statistical Yearbook 2020". The patent data in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are obtained by converting the comparative ratio of the incremental number of patents in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in the past five years by the PCT International Patent Organization. .

Figure 1 Benchmarking of science and education innovation indicators between the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area and the three major bay areas

Infrastructure and port throughput capacity benchmarking

The Bay Area is the bridgehead for regional opening up, and transportation infrastructure construction is to connect the flow of people, logistics, capital and It is an important support for information flow, among which aviation ports that facilitate the flow of people and foreign trade shipping ports that facilitate the circulation of goods are particularly important. This article selects the passenger throughput of international airports, container throughput of important foreign trade ports and international liner frequency indicators in the Greater Bay Area in 2020 for benchmarking comparison (the representative ports of the four Greater Bay Areas are Qingdao Port , Shanghai Port , Kaohsiung Port and Shenzhen Port).

Judging from the passenger throughput of major international airports, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is significantly lower than the other three major bay areas, and there is a certain degree of deviation from its economic development level. As the integration process of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area advances, this indicator needs to be effectively improved. Judging from the container throughput of major foreign trade ports, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is not only lower than the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area with a highly developed export processing industry, but also lower than the world's top two transit ports (Shanghai Yangshan Port, Ningbo Zhoushan Port ), the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area is even lower than the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area, which has less obvious location advantages. On the one hand, this reflects the relatively weak position of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area in my country’s coastal ports and the Asia-Pacific shipping system. On the other hand, it also reflects that the industrial structure and export product structure in the region need to be optimized and improved. In terms of major international liner services, the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area ranks second among the four major bay areas (see Figure 2).

Figure 2 Comparison of port throughput capacity between the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area and the three major bay areas

Analysis of economic development characteristics of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

According to research, the Bay Area economy is an advanced form of regional economic development, and its development level and industrial characteristics can be It is divided into four representative stages: port economy, industrial economy, service economy and innovation economy. Although there are differences in development stages between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area, they are generally in the transition stage from the industrial economy to the service economy. The scientific and technological innovation atmosphere in the region has begun to appear, and shows the following development characteristics (see Table 2).

Table 2 Four stages of economic development in the Bay Area

Data source: The author compiled and drawn based on relevant research literature.

industry bay area. The outstanding feature of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is the industrial bay area, with a relatively high proportion of secondary industry and a relatively single industrial structure. The east coast of the Taiwan Strait has considerable production capacity in traditional heavy industries such as steel and petrochemicals. Taiwan is one of the world's seven largest suppliers of petrochemical products, mainly to the mainland and South Asian markets. The increase in exports mainly relies on the information technology hardware manufacturing industry, specifically the semiconductor circuit industry chain based on wafer foundry, chip design, packaging and testing, and the optoelectronic industry chain such as flat panel display equipment, semiconductor lighting photovoltaics, etc. The above two major industrial chains Together they account for nearly 80% of Taiwan's high-tech output value and more than half of its exports. Other emerging industries such as biomedicine and precision machinery are also growing, but the output value is relatively small.The heavy industry foundation on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait is relatively weak. Since the reform and opening up, the light industry has developed rapidly, and several nationally renowned industrial clusters and several representative corporate brands have emerged, such as Wenzhou, Quanzhou clothing, shoes and hats, and Putian home furnishings. Since 2010, with the development and construction of the Haixi Economic Zone, a number of large steel, petrochemical and heavy chemical projects have been introduced. Relying on location advantages and a loose policy environment, software, chips, and optoelectronics have been cultivated in the high-tech zones of Rongxia and Xiamen. High-tech industrial clusters such as materials and communication equipment are beginning to take shape. As the construction of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area advances, in-depth integration and integrated development of cross-strait industries will surely be achieved at a higher level.

cross-border bay area. The Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is similar to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, that is, the Bay Area spans different independent tariff and trade zones, and the flow of factors within the Bay Area is mainly realized through cross-border trade and investment. It is the people's aspiration to end the antagonism between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait and achieve reunification, and it is the general trend for the Bay Area's economy and society to achieve integrated development. According to research, in the cross-border Bay Area, on the one hand, due to tariffs, trade barriers, and investment controls, the flow of factors within the region is suppressed, and there are coordination costs caused by institutional differences in regional integration development; on the other hand, different tariffs and trade zones in the Bay Area have different Economic systems coexist and can learn from each other's strengths to complement each other's strengths. In particular, relying on special policy advantages such as reform and innovation in the pilot free trade zones can expand a broader space for cooperation. At the same time, the trade, investment and industrial division of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area have the characteristics of internal circulation and external circulation. As the construction of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area progresses, the advantages of policy integration will be leveraged at a higher level and the establishment of a "Cross-Strait Cross-Strait Cooperation Demonstration Zone" will be explored.

extrovert bay area. The Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is similar to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and its economic export-oriented degree is significantly higher than that of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Greater Bay Area and the Bohai Rim Greater Bay Area. Among them, the east coast of the Taiwan Strait is a model of export-oriented economy in the Asia-Pacific region. The total scale of foreign trade and the proportion of trade surplus in regional GDP have been at the forefront of the world's major economies for many years. Its import volume and export volume of about 300 billion US dollars are broken down. , more than two-thirds of which are intermediate products, showing that its industrial sector is deeply embedded in the global industrial chain supply chain system. In 2021, the foreign trade export scale of Zhejiang Province and Fujian Province, which are major foreign trade provinces, were US$466.1 billion and US$216.7 billion respectively, ranking third and fifth among mainland provinces respectively. Fujian Province still attracts foreign investment, especially overseas Chinese investment. important destination. At the same time, the industrial homogeneity competition within the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area is prominent and division of labor and coordination are not smooth. The industrial chain has formed the characteristics of "short, narrow, and loose" and the supply chain is highly dependent on the external market. It is this export-oriented economic development pattern that makes the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area a key radiation area for the “Belt and Road” policy. As the construction process of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area advances, the regional economy will surely be promoted to achieve high-quality development at a higher level.

Policy recommendations for promoting the integrated development of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

Plan the top-level design of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area from a national strategic perspective

The engineering concept of top-level design is widely used in the field of social management and has become a government department to coordinate domestic and foreign policies and formulate national Important thinking methods of strategy. When inspecting the world-class Greater Bay Area, they generally attach great importance to top-level design and formulate laws and regulations, development strategies, spatial layout and transportation planning in advance during construction and development. It is a top priority to benchmark the development experience of the world's first-class Greater Bay Area, hire professional institutions and organize authoritative experts, and conduct advanced demonstrations and planning for the construction and development of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area. First of all, in line with the historical trend of national reunification, the economic and social development of the Greater Bay Area should be integrated into the great process of national reunification and national rejuvenation. Secondly, the construction of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area has been upgraded to a national strategy, so that the development plan of the Greater Bay Area is closely connected with the regional development plan and the national strategic plan. Finally, draw lessons from the operation model of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, establish a leading group for the construction of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area, improve the cross-provincial coordination and linkage working mechanism in the Bay Area, and seize the opportunity to issue the "Outline Development Plan for the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area" and "Promote the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area Development Plan" Policies such as the "Implementation Opinions on the Development of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area" and the "Implementation Opinions on Financial Industry Support for the Development of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area" promote the construction and development process of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area in real time.

At present, my country's Greater Bay Area is still relatively lagging behind in terms of openness, system and mechanism construction, integration process and international influence, and there is an urgent need for overall planning and top-level design at the national level. The top-level design of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area must be based on domestic and international situations and regional development status. The key is to find the correct positioning based on reality. In planning and design, it is necessary to take into account the interrelationships between economic growth and social progress, infrastructure and people's livelihood, wider opening up and economic security. Drawing on the operating model of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, a national-level leadership organization for the development of the Greater Bay Area will be established to coordinate major issues in the construction and development process of the Greater Bay Area. Extensively solicit opinions from all walks of life to ensure that the construction of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is widely recognized and supported.

Promote the infrastructure integration process of the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

The world-class Greater Bay Area generally attaches great importance to promoting infrastructure integration, smoothing external communication channels, improving internal connectivity levels, and promoting the formation of a Greater Bay Area with reasonable layout, complete functions, and smooth connections. Efficiently operating infrastructure system. In the process of Bay Area integration, transportation infrastructure connectivity is the primary link and an important indicator of the Bay Area's development level. To this end, promoting the integration of transportation infrastructure in the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is an urgent need for regional economic development. According to the main skeleton layout of the "National Comprehensive Three-dimensional Transportation Network Planning Outline" from 2021 to 2035, the Fuzhou-Taipei high-speed railway will be completed, and the Beijing-Fuzhou Railway will cross the strait and reach Taipei by then. Taking the construction of major national transportation infrastructure as an opportunity, we will strive to realize the "one-hour working and living circle" across the Taiwan Strait in the Greater Bay Area as soon as possible and provide infrastructure guarantees for the integrated development of cross-strait economies. In the process of promoting the integration of transportation infrastructure in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area,

has established a coordination mechanism at the national level to coordinate major infrastructure interconnection projects in the Greater Bay Area and build a world-class high-speed rail network and highway network in the Greater Bay Area. Strengthen the construction of comprehensive land transportation corridors in the west coast of the Taiwan Strait, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta region, and the northern region, as well as the construction of comprehensive maritime transportation corridors across both sides of the Taiwan Strait and connecting the Maritime Silk Road. Consolidate the achievements of the cross-strait " major three links " transportation construction integration achievements and improve the quality, scale and convenience level of cross-strait transportation facilities. Give full play to the transportation advantages of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area across the Taiwan Strait as the strategic fulcrum of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative, and strive to become an important carrier for the country’s further expansion of opening up under the new situation. Utilize the unique "five connections" relationship of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area to promote in-depth cooperation between ports in the Bay Area and ports in countries and regions along the Maritime Silk Road, and create a comprehensive maritime transportation channel under the RCEP framework.

Promote the integrated construction of factor markets in the Fujian, Zhejiang and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

The world-class Greater Bay Area gathers high-end factor resources. The free flow and efficient allocation of factors within the region are important prerequisites for enhancing regional competitiveness. An important step in the construction and development of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is to establish an integrated market with sufficient flow of factors, give play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of factor resources, and build a factor market system that coordinates the development of the domestic macrocycle and the international and domestic "dual cycle". At the same time, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between supply-side structural reform and demand-side management, and combine the specific measures under the cross-strait economic and trade cooperation framework-"Cross-Strait Closer Economic and Trade Arrangement" (ECFA) to promote the integration of cross-strait industrial economy and trade. development. Improve the regional development policy system based on actual economic development, give full play to the comparative advantages of cities in the Greater Bay Area, and promote the reasonable flow and efficient agglomeration of various factors. Seize the development opportunities of the "One Belt and One Road" construction, accelerate the "pilot" of the free trade pilot zones in Fujian and Zhejiang provinces on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait, introduce various proven and effective experiences and practices, and optimize the business environment of the Greater Bay Area, especially to optimize convenience Based on the policy environment for enterprise investment and financing on the east coast of the Taiwan Strait, a factor market system for the integrated development of the Greater Bay Area from point to area and from the west coast to the east coast has been established.

Promote the development of industrial clusters in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

Industrial clusters refer to competitive enterprises within a certain industry as well as cooperative enterprises, professional suppliers, service providers, related manufacturers and related intermediaries that interact with these enterprises ( Such as universities, scientific research institutions, standard setting institutions, industry associations, etc.) are gathered in specific regions. Industrial clusters play a decisive role in expanding the industrial energy level of urban agglomerations and improving regional competitiveness. The development experience of world-class bay areas is to attach great importance to the development positioning and dislocation development of industrial clusters, that is, based on the endowment of factor resources, promoting the agglomeration of advantageous industries and taking a path of differentiated development. The Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area already has the development characteristics of a typical "industrial bay area". After decades of development, industries on both sides of the Taiwan Strait have completed their initial accumulation. industrial concentration has formed a certain scale advantage. How to promote the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area The realization of cluster development of industries will be a key topic that needs to be studied, and it is also the main direction for policy coordination of local governments at all levels in the Greater Bay Area.

The Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area should learn from the successful experiences of the Tokyo Greater Bay Area and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to formulate an industrial cluster development strategy and introduce policies to encourage the implementation of industrial cluster projects. Seize the opportunity of adjusting the global industrial chain and supply chain, "put us first" to extend the leading industrial chain, and enhance the voice of enterprises in the Greater Bay Area in the global industrial chain. While promoting the cluster development of the characteristic and advantageous industries in the Greater Bay Area, we should focus on the precise positioning of differentiated industrial development, adhere to the orientation of industrial green and low-carbon development, and plan to build a "Cross-Strait Green and Low-carbon Industry Cooperation Demonstration Zone". Expand the coverage of the "region-port linkage" policy in the Bay Area, explore the establishment of a "special customs supervision area for deepening cross-strait cooperation" based on the existing special customs supervision areas, and implement a more open supervision policy. At present, the spatial structure of my country's economic development is undergoing profound changes. Urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas are becoming the main spatial forms that carry development factors. It is necessary to enhance the industrial and population carrying capacity of urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas in the Bay Area.

Promote the improvement of science and education innovation capabilities in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area

World-class Bay Areas generally attach importance to integrating various innovation resources. The so-called innovation resources refer to the human, material, financial and other input factors required for enterprise technological innovation. Research shows that "knowledge assets" with core technologies as the main body are the most important manifestations of innovative resources and strategic resources that need to be protected and improved. The world's first-class bay areas are the forefront of scientific and technological innovation in various countries. To enhance the Bay Area's scientific and technological innovation capabilities, in addition to tapping the potential of existing factor resources, it is more important to spatially integrate talent, technology, scientific research institutions and other factor resources in the Bay Area. The Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area is rich in innovation factor resources. Exploring new models of cross-strait scientific and technological innovation cooperation and promoting the transformation of scientific and technological innovation factor resources into real productivity are core issues in the construction and development of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Taiwan Greater Bay Area. To this end, scientific and technological innovation in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Taiwan Greater Bay Area must first form a consensus and integrate resources, and on this basis, establish a sound and feasible scientific and technological innovation cooperation mechanism and policy system.

grasps the general trend of global technological innovation, integrates the scientific and educational talent resources on the east coast of the Greater Bay Area, and organically combines them with the huge market, complete industrial system, abundant labor resources, low-cost factor advantages and increasingly perfect entrepreneurial innovation environment on the west coast of the Greater Bay Area. Build a Greater Bay Area scientific and technological innovation development pattern spanning both sides of the Taiwan Strait, with "Eastern Intelligence and Western Power", "Eastern Schools and Western Enterprises" and "Eastern Talents and Western Ganges", and create a "Pioneer Demonstration Zone for Cross-Strait Scientific and Technological Cooperation". Promote both sides of the Greater Bay Area to build a technological innovation system that is enterprise-centered, market-oriented, and combines industry, academia, and research, and carry out high-level scientific and technological innovation cooperation based on the actual needs of industrial integration and coordinated development. Promote enterprises in the high-tech industry clusters on both sides of the Greater Bay Area to establish technological innovation alliances, jointly build laboratories and scientific research cooperation bases, carry out joint research on key problems, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Promote the construction of a unified market for technological factors on both sides of the Bay Area, build an industrial science and technology innovation cooperation platform across the Taiwan Strait, build a trading market for scientific and technological achievements embedded in the global industrial chain, and improve the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements and the added value of scientific and technological products.

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Author affiliation: Institute of Ecological Civilization, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Business School, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

The article was published in the "Macroeconomics" column of the 6th issue of "The Banker" magazine in 2022

Responsible editor: Sun cool

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