On September 11, 2020, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention issued the "China Influenza Vaccination Technical Guidelines (2020-2021)", which provides vaccination recommendations for the 2020-2021 influenza and vaccine. Dr. Yan is the first here Time has compiled the key information for you, let's take a look!
1. What is the difference between this year's flu vaccine and previous years?
The component of the trivalent influenza vaccine produced from chicken embryos in the northern hemisphere recommended by WHO for 2020-2021 is compared with the previous year. The A H1N1 subtype, A (H3N2) subtype and B (Victoria line) viruses have changed Virus strain.
Influenza vaccines approved for marketing in my country include trivalent inactivated vaccines (IIV3), trivalent attenuated live vaccines (LAIV3) and quadrivalent inactivated vaccines (IIV4), among which trivalent inactivated vaccines can be used for vaccination of people ≥ 6 months of age ; The trivalent live attenuated vaccine is a freeze-dried preparation for people aged 3-17; the quadrivalent vaccine can be used for vaccination of people ≥36 months of age.
People who can be vaccinated with different types of vaccine products from different manufacturers can be voluntarily vaccinated with any influenza vaccine, and there is no priority recommendation.
2. Which groups of people should get the flu vaccine first this year? Where to fight?
In previous years, my country recommended that pregnant women, children between 6 months and 5 years old, the elderly 60 years of age and above, and patients with chronic diseases and other high-risk groups of influenza and medical personnel as priority groups for vaccination. In light of the situation of the new crown epidemic this year, in order to minimize the harm of influenza and its impact on the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic, it is recommended to vaccinate key and high-risk groups in order of priority. Specific recommendations are as follows:
1. People in key places, such as teachers and students in kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, detainees and staff of prison institutions, etc.;
2. Other high-risk groups of influenza, including elderly people aged 60 and over at home , Children from 6 months to 5 years old, patients with chronic diseases, family members and caregivers of babies under 6 months of age, and women who are pregnant or preparing to become pregnant during the flu season.
3. Medical staff, including clinical rescuers, public health personnel, health and quarantine personnel, etc.;
4. Vulnerable people and employees in crowded places such as elderly care institutions, long-term care institutions, welfare homes, etc.;
3. Why is influenza vaccination especially necessary this year ?
influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which seriously endangers people's health. Influenza virus has variable antigenicity and rapid spread. It can cause seasonal epidemics every year, and outbreaks can occur in schools, nurseries, nursing homes and other places where people gather. The annual seasonal influenza epidemic can cause 3 to 5 million severe cases and 290,000 to 650,000 respiratory disease-related deaths globally. High-risk groups such as pregnant women, infants, the elderly, and patients with chronic underlying diseases are at higher risk of severe illness and death after flu. In particular, this year's global COVID-19 pandemic will continue, and there may be a superimposed epidemic of COVID-19 and influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases this winter and next spring. Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza, which can reduce the harm caused by influenza-related diseases and the occupation of medical resources.
4. When should the flu vaccination be completed this year?
usually produces a protective level of antibodies 2-4 weeks after vaccination, and the antibody titer begins to decay after 6-8 months. The time and duration of the peak of influenza activity in different parts of my country each year are different. To ensure that the recipients get immune protection before the high influenza season, it is best to complete the immunization before the end of October; for those who have not been vaccinated before the end of October, the entire epidemic season Both can provide immunization services. People who have completed the entire vaccination process in accordance with the vaccination procedures in the same influenza season do not need to repeat vaccination.
Finally, remind everyone that the protection rate of the flu vaccine is not 100%. Therefore, it is still possible to get the flu after the flu vaccine.
In this special autumn and winter this year, you should still maintain good personal hygiene habits, including: wearing a mask, washing your hands frequently, paying attention to respiratory etiquette (cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing), opening windows for ventilation, and eating a balanced diet , Exercise moderately; during the flu season, high-risk groups should try to avoid crowd gatheringsplace. Take precautions to protect your family and yourself!
(Source: China Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
