1. Three elements of argumentative essay
(1) Thesis: The arguments of an argumentative essay should be clear, accurate and general; at the beginning of the article, put the arguments out in a specific sentence.
(2) Argument: Materials used to prove the argument, including case arguments and theories (famous quotes, etc.).
(3) Argument: The process of using arguments to prove arguments.
2. Language of argumentative essays: accurate, clear, and general.
① Accurate. Argumentary essays generally use logical reasoning to clarify facts and opinions. They need to have a certain degree of generalization and rigorous logic. When choosing words, they must achieve the level of accuracy.
②Sharing, first, the argument must be clearly expressed, and second, the distinction between love and hate, and a clear emotional color permeates the writing.
③ Generalization, the stronger the generalization of the language, the greater the universal significance of the truth it explains.
3. argument structure : It must be strict, highly logical, and in line with the standardized model.
① Propose a question (what is it)—Argument
②Analysis of the problem (why)—Argument
③Solve the problem (how)—Argument
④Rebate the argument
4. Basic structure of the examination room argument essay
Part 1: Propose the full-text central argument
Part 2: Prove the central argument
points argument 1 Give example argument
points argument 1 Give example argument
points argument 2 Give example argument 2 Give example argument
points argument 2 Give example argument 3 Give example argument
points argument 3 Give example argument
points argument 3 Give example argument 3 Give example argument
parts argument 3 Give example argument 3 Give example argument
parts argument 3 Give example argument 3 Give example argument
parts argument 3 Give example argument 3 Give example argument
parts argument 3 Give example argument 3 Give example argument
Part 3: Clarify and deepen the central argument 3
5. Basic requirements for structural elements of argumentative essay
Part 1: Starting
Central task: put forward the central argument clearly and positively. (To emphasize the argument, you can make the argument start with a separate line into a separate paragraph. The paragraph can be one paragraph or two paragraphs, but the number of words should be controlled at about one hundred words.
College Entrance Examination Argumentary Paper requires candidates to create more highlights at key points to attract the attention of the paper marking teachers. A bright beginning and a loud and powerful ending will make the article dazzling, make people fall in love with it and suddenly feel good.
[Standard for a good beginning]
First, be clear. Let readers know what you are going to say at once, and also It is to let readers understand your argument or topic. Let readers know which aspects you are talking about and know their purpose at the beginning.
Second, be beautiful. Only beauty can achieve the purpose of attracting readers. The beauty at the beginning of the article mainly refers to the beauty of skills.
Third, be simple. Conciseness is the guarantee of clarity. Some candidates have too long narrative lyrical language at the beginning, and some candidates introduce raw materials intact when writing materials and compositions. These are all not concise at the beginning. There are two ways to introduce raw materials: one is to "sham it in one word" for raw materials. Highly generalized; the other is to choose a representative sentence from the raw material, so that the reader can know what the raw material roughly means. Regardless of whether the raw material is cited or not, the complex narrative and lyricism at the beginning must be removed to highlight the argument of the composition.
Part 2: Main text
Central task: analyze the problem and enable the central argument to be established. The number of words is about 600 words. Requirements for the argument of
points:
① If it is a clear sentence;
② The angle or level of each sub-argument is different, and it is not repeated;
③ In the order from shallow to deep or from small to large range.
In order to make the sub-argument convincing, the case argumentation method must be used, otherwise the content will be empty. Requirements for the
example method:
① Select examples to be typical, and only typical examples are convincing.
② Select examples to be fresh, the examples are too old and boring.
③Refer to examples to be concise and do not force details.
④Each sub-argument requires at least one example.
⑤ After reposting the examples, analysis is needed to integrate the material and the viewpoint. If there is no analysis, it is to pile up materials. In the paragraph
⑥, each sub-argument can be one paragraph or two paragraphs; in terms of word count, each sub-argument is about 200 words.
Part 3: Ending
From the excellent composition of the college entrance examination, this is a concentrated discussion. The language must be concise and appropriate, with a number of words about 100 words. The function of this part:
① summarizes the content of the sub-argument.
② further clarify and deepen the central argument.
③Contact current reality and life, reflecting the targeted nature of the article.
Part 4: Ending, word count 50 to 100 words. There are many ways to write
:
① Echo the beginning, making the article an organic whole.
② points out the meaning of the title, making the article clearer.
③ Issue to for thought-provoking.
language should be sonorous and powerful, and have philosophical connotations. It is advisable to use rhetorical techniques such as parallelism, personification, repetition, and call.
[Appreciation example]
Exploration, let life be wonderful
For exploration, Columbus raised the sails across the Atlantic Ocean. In order to explore, Li Shizhen took the step of tasting all kinds of herbs; in order to explore, Bruno ignited the blazing fire of truth... Between the world, all living beings are like a drop in the ocean, let us leave life to exploration, let the limited life be wonderful from now on. [Propose an argument] [Use a set of parallel sentences to make an argument clearly at the end of the first paragraph]
History is quietly buried by sandy time, and when we look back, there is no trace. However, when we really listen to and caress this dusty memory, there are always a string of names that abruptly echo in 日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日� [Transition section, build a bridge between argument and argument] One day in
1536, Belgium was full of wind and rain, and the body on the gallows was stolen last night. The person who stole the corpse was Visali , which later became the anatomy . He risked the corpse being hanged by and stole the corpse many times. Once, because the soldiers were chasing him tightly, he had to cut off the head of the body and escape. In the end, he became the first expert to correctly describe the human structure of . [Argument in a general way] It is incredible, not to mention the horror of the corpse, not to mention the danger. However, what made Visarigan risk the corpse and dissect the autopsy? It is exploration, but it can only be exploration. [Analysis of arguments] [Argument for example] Time is passing, and time is changing. Su Shi explores the naming of Shi Zhongshan; Yuan Longping explores hybrid rice ; Magellan explores the earth's form... In these repeated explorations, emperors and generals have achieved great achievements, and migrant poets have achieved eternal articles. [From Visari to migrant poets, from individual cases to numerous, enhancing persuasion] [The whole paragraph strongly argues the argument from the front]
reads the vicissitudes of life, cherishing the romantic figures are always blown away by the rain and wind, and those who do not explore can imagine their fate. [Transition section, from positive argument to negative argument]
Wang Anshi Visited Huashan Cave with his friends. "The deeper you enter, the harder it will be." They retreated. Afterwards, Wang Anshi could only sigh that he had not appreciated the "magnificence, strangeness, and extraordinary view of the world". There was also the Akton who had read 70,000 books without any achievements. When the wind-like history passes by the side of exploration, how much weight can they occupy? [The negative argument uses two simple examples, which are different from the positive argument and are staggered]
Exploration is a voyage. The sea sailing is not calm, but it is difficult and dangerous, and it cannot stop the pace of exploration; bloody storm cannot urge the will to explore. The reformer said: " I smiled at the sky with my sword, and left the two Kunluns." The revolutionary said: "Kill Xia Minghan, and there are later generations." The inventor said: "At least I found that these more than a thousand materials are not suitable for filament ." [Use parallelism sentences, use positive group arguments, different from the individual arguments in the third paragraph, and further enhance the persuasion]
To explore, you must have the courage to fly against the wind and the mind to embrace all rivers; you must have the vision of being the first in the world; you must have the knowledge of the past and present and the ability to adapt to changes. [Use parallelism sentences to give a method of exploration and answer the question of how to explore]
Exploration can light up a person's life and give life wonderful. Let us be a traveler, explore the stars behind the mountains, and let life be wonderful from now on. [Kickback argument, strong closing]
[Comment]
There are three points worth learning from in this article: ① It is in line with the meaning of the topic and the center is clear.The article clearly put forward the view of "exploring, making life wonderful", and can select appropriate evidence around this view and make a strong argument. ② Complete structure and clear hierarchy. The whole text follows the ideas of raising questions (paragraph 1), analyzing questions (paragraph 2-6), and solving problems (paragraph 7). When analyzing problems, first argue positively and then negatively, and the transition is natural and the connection is compact. ③The language is literary and imposing, and the use of parallel sentences is extensive, making the arguments look like a magnificent momentum.
[Appreciation example]
Rules of being a human being
Some people say "life is like chess", so people should abide by the rules of playing chess, otherwise they will lose all the game; some people say "life is like play", so people should abide by the rules of singing opera, otherwise no one will appreciate it; some people say "life is like tea", so people should understand the rules of tasting tea, otherwise no matter how good the fragrant tea is, it is the same as the dead leaves. Different lives have different rules. Only by abiding by the rules of being a human being can we embark on a wonderful road to life. [Use the analogy method to put forward the central argument, the introduction part]
If you take diligence as the rule, you will be more fulfilling in life. [Sub-Argument 1] The ancient saying "God rewards hard work" has become a subtle rule for countless successful people to be a human being. [Quotation] Lu Xun has been practicing diligent stories since he was a child. It is his diligence that allows him to be at ease on the road of life. Even if he faces a major turning point in his life - abandoning medicine and practicing literature, he has not encountered the difficulties brought by changing careers. This is exactly the gain of his life rules by diligence. He has accumulated the power of knowledge and spiritual perseverance, and has also made him write a glorious chapter on the history of modern Chinese literature. [Example] Therefore, take diligence as the rule of life action, enrich yourself in diligence, and you will not panic even if you encounter a sudden change. Instead, it will make you feel comfortable playing games with life, enrich your life, and become the ultimate king of your chess game. [Extended mining]
Take responsibility as the rule and be more down-to-earth in life. [Sub-Argument 2] Everyone has their own role. It is everyone's responsibility to complete the tasks assigned by the role. As a ruler, one should take benevolence as one's responsibility, one should take loyalty as one's responsibility, and one's son, one should take filial piety as one's responsibility. [Quotation] The Emperor of Han Dynasty takes benevolence as his responsibility and implements a policy of rest and recuperation, so that the people can get rid of hunger and war; Zhuge Liang takes loyalty as his responsibility, and follows Liu Bei for his whole life to establish the cause of Shu Han, devote his efforts to the death, and pass on it to later generations; Li Mi takes filial piety as his responsibility, abandons his official position, serves his grandmother, and becomes a role model of filial piety. [Example] From this point of view, taking responsibility as your own rule of life and walking down-to-earth in life will inevitably make you feel ashamed of others and even more ashamed of the world. I believe that this kind of life will be more exciting. [Extended and Examination]
Use virtue as the rule and be a person will be more realistic. [Sub-Argument Three] Virtue is a state of mind, like a cup of fragrant tea. People who do not know how to taste tea think it is bitter, while those who truly understand virtue can appreciate the sweetness. [Quotation] Fan Zhongyan uses the sacrifice spirit of "worry before the world is worried, and after the world is happy" as the rule of being a human being, so that future generations can admire it; Lei Feng uses the dedication spirit of "helping others and enjoying others" as the rule of being a human being, which makes people feel extremely warm; Zhu Ziqing uses national self-esteem as his own rules of being a human being, which makes people admire it. [Example] These people who regard virtue as the rules of life follow are real and beautiful in their lives, just like a cup of pure fragrant tea, filled with fragrance. [Extended and Excavation]
[The above three paragraphs are part of this theory]
In the life of Ruqi, abide by the rules of being a human being and gallop through your life.
In a playful life, abide by the rules of being a human being and make your life wonderful.
In a tea-like life, abide by the rules of being a human being and taste your life.
abide by the rules of being a human being and get out of a perfect life! [Conclusion section, use parallelism to respond to the first paragraph, make hope, and end the full text]
Attachment 1: Requirements for formulating sub-argument:
① Sub-argument is generally placed at the beginning of each paragraph.
② An argumentative essay must have at least two sub-arguments.The language of the sub-argument of
③ should be concise, generally controlled at 20 words.
④ The structure of the sentences of the sub-argument should be consistent, so that the middle paragraphs form a parallel or quasi-parallel paragraph. The expression of the
⑤ Score argument should be as close to the keywords of the topic as possible to ensure that every paragraph is related to the topic.
② further clarify and deepen the central argument.
③Contact current reality and life, reflecting the targeted nature of the article.
Part 4: Ending, word count 50 to 100 words. There are many ways to write
:
① Echo the beginning, making the article an organic whole.
② points out the meaning of the title, making the article clearer.
③ Issue to for thought-provoking.
language should be sonorous and powerful, and have philosophical connotations. It is advisable to use rhetorical techniques such as parallelism, personification, repetition, and call.
[Appreciation example]
Exploration, let life be wonderful
For exploration, Columbus raised the sails across the Atlantic Ocean. In order to explore, Li Shizhen took the step of tasting all kinds of herbs; in order to explore, Bruno ignited the blazing fire of truth... Between the world, all living beings are like a drop in the ocean, let us leave life to exploration, let the limited life be wonderful from now on. [Propose an argument] [Use a set of parallel sentences to make an argument clearly at the end of the first paragraph]
History is quietly buried by sandy time, and when we look back, there is no trace. However, when we really listen to and caress this dusty memory, there are always a string of names that abruptly echo in 日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日本日� [Transition section, build a bridge between argument and argument] One day in
1536, Belgium was full of wind and rain, and the body on the gallows was stolen last night. The person who stole the corpse was Visali , which later became the anatomy . He risked the corpse being hanged by and stole the corpse many times. Once, because the soldiers were chasing him tightly, he had to cut off the head of the body and escape. In the end, he became the first expert to correctly describe the human structure of . [Argument in a general way] It is incredible, not to mention the horror of the corpse, not to mention the danger. However, what made Visarigan risk the corpse and dissect the autopsy? It is exploration, but it can only be exploration. [Analysis of arguments] [Argument for example] Time is passing, and time is changing. Su Shi explores the naming of Shi Zhongshan; Yuan Longping explores hybrid rice ; Magellan explores the earth's form... In these repeated explorations, emperors and generals have achieved great achievements, and migrant poets have achieved eternal articles. [From Visari to migrant poets, from individual cases to numerous, enhancing persuasion] [The whole paragraph strongly argues the argument from the front]
reads the vicissitudes of life, cherishing the romantic figures are always blown away by the rain and wind, and those who do not explore can imagine their fate. [Transition section, from positive argument to negative argument]
Wang Anshi Visited Huashan Cave with his friends. "The deeper you enter, the harder it will be." They retreated. Afterwards, Wang Anshi could only sigh that he had not appreciated the "magnificence, strangeness, and extraordinary view of the world". There was also the Akton who had read 70,000 books without any achievements. When the wind-like history passes by the side of exploration, how much weight can they occupy? [The negative argument uses two simple examples, which are different from the positive argument and are staggered]
Exploration is a voyage. The sea sailing is not calm, but it is difficult and dangerous, and it cannot stop the pace of exploration; bloody storm cannot urge the will to explore. The reformer said: " I smiled at the sky with my sword, and left the two Kunluns." The revolutionary said: "Kill Xia Minghan, and there are later generations." The inventor said: "At least I found that these more than a thousand materials are not suitable for filament ." [Use parallelism sentences, use positive group arguments, different from the individual arguments in the third paragraph, and further enhance the persuasion]
To explore, you must have the courage to fly against the wind and the mind to embrace all rivers; you must have the vision of being the first in the world; you must have the knowledge of the past and present and the ability to adapt to changes. [Use parallelism sentences to give a method of exploration and answer the question of how to explore]
Exploration can light up a person's life and give life wonderful. Let us be a traveler, explore the stars behind the mountains, and let life be wonderful from now on. [Kickback argument, strong closing]
[Comment]
There are three points worth learning from in this article: ① It is in line with the meaning of the topic and the center is clear.The article clearly put forward the view of "exploring, making life wonderful", and can select appropriate evidence around this view and make a strong argument. ② Complete structure and clear hierarchy. The whole text follows the ideas of raising questions (paragraph 1), analyzing questions (paragraph 2-6), and solving problems (paragraph 7). When analyzing problems, first argue positively and then negatively, and the transition is natural and the connection is compact. ③The language is literary and imposing, and the use of parallel sentences is extensive, making the arguments look like a magnificent momentum.
[Appreciation example]
Rules of being a human being
Some people say "life is like chess", so people should abide by the rules of playing chess, otherwise they will lose all the game; some people say "life is like play", so people should abide by the rules of singing opera, otherwise no one will appreciate it; some people say "life is like tea", so people should understand the rules of tasting tea, otherwise no matter how good the fragrant tea is, it is the same as the dead leaves. Different lives have different rules. Only by abiding by the rules of being a human being can we embark on a wonderful road to life. [Use the analogy method to put forward the central argument, the introduction part]
If you take diligence as the rule, you will be more fulfilling in life. [Sub-Argument 1] The ancient saying "God rewards hard work" has become a subtle rule for countless successful people to be a human being. [Quotation] Lu Xun has been practicing diligent stories since he was a child. It is his diligence that allows him to be at ease on the road of life. Even if he faces a major turning point in his life - abandoning medicine and practicing literature, he has not encountered the difficulties brought by changing careers. This is exactly the gain of his life rules by diligence. He has accumulated the power of knowledge and spiritual perseverance, and has also made him write a glorious chapter on the history of modern Chinese literature. [Example] Therefore, take diligence as the rule of life action, enrich yourself in diligence, and you will not panic even if you encounter a sudden change. Instead, it will make you feel comfortable playing games with life, enrich your life, and become the ultimate king of your chess game. [Extended mining]
Take responsibility as the rule and be more down-to-earth in life. [Sub-Argument 2] Everyone has their own role. It is everyone's responsibility to complete the tasks assigned by the role. As a ruler, one should take benevolence as one's responsibility, one should take loyalty as one's responsibility, and one's son, one should take filial piety as one's responsibility. [Quotation] The Emperor of Han Dynasty takes benevolence as his responsibility and implements a policy of rest and recuperation, so that the people can get rid of hunger and war; Zhuge Liang takes loyalty as his responsibility, and follows Liu Bei for his whole life to establish the cause of Shu Han, devote his efforts to the death, and pass on it to later generations; Li Mi takes filial piety as his responsibility, abandons his official position, serves his grandmother, and becomes a role model of filial piety. [Example] From this point of view, taking responsibility as your own rule of life and walking down-to-earth in life will inevitably make you feel ashamed of others and even more ashamed of the world. I believe that this kind of life will be more exciting. [Extended and Examination]
Use virtue as the rule and be a person will be more realistic. [Sub-Argument Three] Virtue is a state of mind, like a cup of fragrant tea. People who do not know how to taste tea think it is bitter, while those who truly understand virtue can appreciate the sweetness. [Quotation] Fan Zhongyan uses the sacrifice spirit of "worry before the world is worried, and after the world is happy" as the rule of being a human being, so that future generations can admire it; Lei Feng uses the dedication spirit of "helping others and enjoying others" as the rule of being a human being, which makes people feel extremely warm; Zhu Ziqing uses national self-esteem as his own rules of being a human being, which makes people admire it. [Example] These people who regard virtue as the rules of life follow are real and beautiful in their lives, just like a cup of pure fragrant tea, filled with fragrance. [Extended and Excavation]
[The above three paragraphs are part of this theory]
In the life of Ruqi, abide by the rules of being a human being and gallop through your life.
In a playful life, abide by the rules of being a human being and make your life wonderful.
In a tea-like life, abide by the rules of being a human being and taste your life.
abide by the rules of being a human being and get out of a perfect life! [Conclusion section, use parallelism to respond to the first paragraph, make hope, and end the full text]
Attachment 1: Requirements for formulating sub-argument:
① Sub-argument is generally placed at the beginning of each paragraph.
② An argumentative essay must have at least two sub-arguments.The language of the sub-argument of
③ should be concise, generally controlled at 20 words.
④ The structure of the sentences of the sub-argument should be consistent, so that the middle paragraphs form a parallel or quasi-parallel paragraph. The expression of the
⑤ Score argument should be as close to the keywords of the topic as possible to ensure that every paragraph is related to the topic.
