The birth and development of online education: The world's first open university was established at the University of South Africa in 1951, but the most influential one is the British Open University established in 1969, which has influenced similar education around the world wit

The birth and development of online education:

The world's first Open University was founded in 1951 as the University of South Africa (the University of South Africa), but the most influential one was the British Open University founded in 1969. University (the British Open University) has influenced similar educational institutions around the world with its excellent results.

China’s online education started relatively late . China only began to develop in the mid-1990s.

Its symbol is the "China Education and Research Computer Network (CERNET)" demonstration project started at the end of 1994, which was jointly constructed by 10 universities including Tsinghua University and .

In 1995, the CERNET demonstration project was officially established.

In 1996, Tsinghua University President Wang Dazhong took the lead in proposing the development of modern distance education;

In 1997, Hunan University cooperated with Hunan Telecom to build the first online university;

Distance online education was born in September 1998 , Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Zhejiang University and Hunan University were officially approved by the Ministry of Education as the first batch of national modern distance education pilot institutions; Opinions on Distance Education";

In July 2000, the Ministry of Education approved , Renmin University of China, and other 15 colleges and universities to be the second batch of pilot institutions to carry out modern distance education; in the same month, it also approved , Beijing Normal University, and other 11 colleges and universities to carry out modern distance education. Distance education pilot;

in July 2001, the Ministry of Education continued to expand the pilot scope of modern distance education colleges from the original 38 colleges to 45.

As of August 2004, the state had approved a total of 68 colleges and universities to engage in modern distance education, including 5 approved in 1999, 26 approved in 2000, 14 approved in 2001, 22 approved in 2002, and those subject to national policy adjustments in 2003. The impact is only approved by Northeast Normal University 1. The 68 universities approved for modern distance education have established specialized management and teaching institutions.

In March 2005, the Ministry of Education issued a notice (Jiao Gao [2005] No. 2) document announcing the enrollment of 64 pilot colleges and universities. Other pilot colleges and universities stopped online enrollment in 2005 and approved some off-campus learning centers.

In March 2006, the Ministry of Education issued a document called Jiaogao [2006] No. 2, approving Peking University and other 66 pilot universities to carry out online higher education enrollment, and set up enrollment in spring and autumn. ;The number of students admitted that year exceeded 1 million !

In 2009 , the enrollment number exceeded 1.5 million , and it continued to increase in the following years;

In 2014 , the enrollment number reached 2.2 million ; Leading to a decline in admission rates; this year, schools have received the signal for educational reform!

In 2016 , schools have stricter restrictions on household registration, and on November 22, the Ministry of Education issued a notice on the issuance of the "Administrative Measures for the Establishment of Higher Education Continuing Education Majors", requires that existing undergraduate and junior college majors Sort out, adjust and standardize . In 2017, all colleges and universities will submit major declarations, and in 2018, they will recruit students according to the newly set majors. At this time, the external signal of the distance network education reform has been clearly released!

In 2017 , the Ministry of Education continued to issue documents, Teaching Professionals Office [2017] No. 1, and colleges and universities in various places reported the application for enrollment majors. In July, another registration notice for enrollment majors was issued. Affected by the reform policy of the Ministry of Education, people who heard the news also became aware of the crisis, and rushed to get on the last train. As a result, the number of students enrolled that year exceeded 260,000 in 2016.

Majors have been significantly reduced

In 2018 , colleges and universities have repeatedly reduced their enrollment quotas and implemented new enrollment plans for each college. This is also the year many colleges and universities have announced that they will no longer recruit junior college students , and very few colleges and universities can recruit students. The number of majors has been reduced from dozens in previous years to single digits, and the number of undergraduate majors has also been reduced to , but compared to junior colleges, it is still very rich. There are also some schools that have switched from offline examinations to online face recognition examinations, such as Lanzhou University, China University of Petroleum, etc. The more

is like this, the more everyone panics about and . As a result, the number of enrollment has increased sharply, exceeding by more than 560,000 in 2017, showing a retaliatory rebound.

In 2019, some colleges and universities have withdrawn from online enrollment , and the number of college and undergraduate majors that can enroll students continues to shrink. Also affected by the epidemic and the policies of the Ministry of Education, major universities have launched online final face recognition exams, and both freshmen and old students have started online exams. those without human faces are basically extinct . This year, the enrollment reached a historical high of more than 3.2 million students.

In 2020, , there are very few colleges and universities that can be applied for by online teaching. , the colleges that can recruit students only retain one or two majors in , and the undergraduates have also been reduced to only about 10 majors in . In the past two years, what everyone has heard the most is National Open University , and Regional Open University . These were schools that everyone didn’t take seriously in the past. In the past two years, has become the most popular , and everyone is competing for it. Rushing to sign up. Even in this harsh situation, there are still 32.88 million enrollments.

In 2021, , constant rumors spread from various colleges and universities that online teaching will be discontinued next year. education reform advertisements are flooding the Internet , and the news is like fallen leaves in autumn, flying all over the sky. Outsiders think it's a lie, "You talk about reform, but there has been no change after two years?" Haha . People in Kemen are always trying to persuade those around them who can persuade them. . Some people believe it, some are half-convinced, and some are not convinced at all...

In 2022, , , the Unified Examination Admissions Office announced that it will stop organizing public basic courses for the distance online undergraduate unified examination. For the exam, the exam has been changed to each school organizing its own (currently, some schools have dual-camera monitoring of , and some schools have single-camera monitoring of ). At the same time, officially announced the suspension of reporting autumn enrollment information to . It is equivalent to announcing that online education has officially withdrawn from the stage of history! However, the enrollment for the spring semester alone is more than last year's enrollment, 2.8392 million ! Think about it, there are so many people in this form of adult education improvement alone, and this does not include the number of people in other forms of improvement.

Summary : Distance online education rose from in 1998 to officially ended in 2022. After 24 years , the total number of students enrolled: 39059 069 people (excluding the number of students enrolled in 1998).

Online education is over, and adult continuing education formats are only remaining in three categories: self-study, adult examination, and open .

I also want to talk about open education. It has the characteristics of online education and adult education. Now that online education is not available, is the next best thing. Many students choose open education. Open education is divided into national open education and local open education.

National Open Education : At present, some colleges and universities have started dual-camera examinations (one camera in the front and a 45-degree camera in the back). The Ministry of Education is strictly controlling the process and graduation. The country intends to increase the value of adult academic qualifications. This kind of The examination method will be the trend in the future.

Regional Open University (for example Beijing Open University ) : Currently the exam is still online single-camera monitoring, but on June 28 this year, Beijing Open University issued a notice on the fall tuition increase for , is higher than The original 7,200 yuan has been raised to 9,600-16,000 yuan (different majors charge different fees); has been raised from 8,800 yuan to 11,200-17,600 yuan (different majors charge different fees). After , applying for academic qualifications will cost, time, All the energy must be put in place for , are you ready?

This year’s adult examination is also the last before the reform. Once the autumn enrollment season is over, it’s time for reform policies to fly everywhere!

is really a nest, how can there be any eggs left intact?