Tracing the history of the crown is like looking through the history of the development of Japanese cars. This is definitely not just because it is deeply rooted in China, nor is it because of its superb mechanical performance, from the first generation in 1955 to The fourteenth generation launched in Japan in 2012, almost every time it is upgraded, it can improve the aesthetic benchmark of the car. In view of this, this article is divided into 13 pages to give a more detailed description of the car.
The first generation
The first generation of the crown was born in 1955. After the destruction of World War II, the Japanese automobile industry has only just begun to take off. Demand can only be regarded as the stage from scratch. Speaking of the first-generation crown, it must be stated that, in fact, its name is not the Crown that we can see today, but a very strange name: Toyopet Crown. The name has been used until the fourth-generation model. . Crown is the name of the first car series in Toyota's car factory, but it is not the first car after World War II. This concept sounds a bit complicated, but if you trace it to its roots, then Crown’s predecessor is a continuation of the SA model. SA was the first Toyota model born in 1947 after World War II, followed by SD, SF and RH models.
Picture: The TOYOPET Crown first launched in 1955, the model name is RS, which is the originator of Crown.
Picture: This is the engine compartment of the first generation Crown. Note that the manufacturer name on the nameplate is TOYOPET.
The second generation
The second generation of the crown was born in 1962. Although the size of the chassis and appearance has been enlarged, the overall structure has not changed much. Yes, the load-bearing chassis design was still used, and the design continued until the ninth generation before it was replaced. When the second generation was born, it was an era when Japan’s economy began to advance substantially. Under the current situation of adapting to the development of society and technological needs at that time, the new generation of Crown made quite a few innovations and attempts, although some attempts were made from today’s perspective. It looks a little unreasonable, but at the time, it was taken for granted. The second-generation Crown in the early stage still uses the 3R engine left over from the later version of the first-generation. The power output has not changed, but the automatic transmission with two forward gears has begun to be introduced, which also created the first Japanese model. The first to use automatic transmission.
Figure: The most iconic design of the second-generation crown is the net design, which uses the T word Xinzhongwang also highlighted the Toyopet brand (it was still not called TOYOTA at the time).
三代
Why did the article mention that Crown is a dictionary that can witness the history of the Japanese automobile industry? In fact, in addition to seeing the technological progress that has been demonstrated since the development of the thirteen generations, it is more about seeing how a successful car factory has met market demand by adjusting its models and car series structure, and it has been derived in the process of change. There are many famous cars that have been passed down by consumers, and the development of the Crown car series is a good textbook. In 1967, the crown entered the third generation. In the late 1960s, the Japanese economy was on track. People began to have surplus money to consider car consumption. Therefore, in response to the needs of the big market, the third generation of the crown was not only In addition to retaining all the original derivative models of the second generation, a new coupe series (Coupe) has also been added, and the body design process has been further improved, and the most notable example is the Hard Top, which is commonly known as No B-pillar or window frame design, this design requires very high rigidity of the frame, although it will slightly increaseThe weight of the car body, but the sense of openness in exchange is far less than the B-pillar design.
Picture: This is the earliest third-generation Crown. The body shape is a bit more modern than the second-generation, and it has broken away from the American style.
Fourth Generation
The fourth generation of the crown was born in 1971. The reason why there will be two numbers is actually the four-door version of the car and its derivatives. The model is separate from the coupe version, a bit like the current BMW. For example, the E65 is the short-line version of the seven series, and the E66 is the long-line version. The fourth-generation Crown has many memorable events. Firstly, the TOYOPET brand that has been used for three generations was abandoned and replaced by the name TOYOTACrown that we are familiar with today; secondly, a "Crown" logo was used as the car series The recognition is well known by the celebrities of the Crown; the third is that it later drove into the land of China and became the first imported car to enter the Chinese market after the opening up and reform; mechanically, he replaced it with a 4M engine with a displacement of 2.4 liters. Formally entered the era of electronic injection fuel management system.
Picture: The older generation of car fans shouldn’t forget this look. Guangzhou’s taxis in the early 1980s were it. However, it only used an M-type inline six-cylinder carburetor engine.
Picture: It can be seen from the picture that this fourth-generation crown has abandoned the gear lever on the past steering axis and replaced it with a floor table.
The fifth generation
Compared with the fourth generation, the appearance of the fifth generation born in 1974 can be regarded as a radical change, and it is no longer pursued The whale-like net and body styling were replaced by a square design similar to that of an American large car. After all, in that era, the square lines also represented solidity and stability, and as a replacement for the weird first The fourth generation, the fifth generation has a beautiful turn. The appearance is gorgeous, but the mechanical layout still uses the fourth-generation chassis, only the body height is slightly increased by 20mm, and the engine power is still the previous generation 4M engine. However, it is worth remembering that in 1978 In the small change, you will find a shocking name back then: four-speed automatic transmission. It can be the world's first mass-produced model equipped with a four-speed automatic transmission, and there are many dazzling new equipment on its Royal Saloon model, such as electric front and rear seats, speed-sensitive steering assist system, four-wheel discs Brake system and front dual-piston brake calipers, which are rare in fashion.
Picture: The fifth generation of the early version in 1974, and the appearance has been greatly modified.
六代
The sixth-generation crown can be distinguished from three versions by the characteristics of the headlights. The early models use split rectangular headlights, but after minor changes, It uses one-piece headlights, while the Royal version is the same as the earlier version, but the headlights are larger, and there is a golden Royal logo on the rear to indicate identity. The sixth-generation Crown, which was launched in 1979, has been upgraded from the fifth-generation 2.6L 4M engine to 2.8 liters. The engine model is 5M-EU. In pursuit of power improvement, the 1980’s first turbocharged 2.0L M-TEU engine crown for the Japanese market appeared in the sixth generation, which improved power while saving energy. At the same time, the two Hardtop version of the crown has also come to an end, and the subsequent two Hardtop version of the crown are replaced by Soarer. In addition, the electronic equipment of this generation of Crown has also been greatly improved. The cruise control system, electric adjustable front seats, electric sunroof and other comfortable equipment have appeared one after another. It is worth mentioning that the sixth generation of Crown has joined the front and rear for the first time. The air-conditioning constant temperature system, plus the independent control system of the rear airThe crown slowly moved closer to the category of luxury cars.
Picture: The graceful style extends to the "Founder" design. The sixth generation has sprouted the division of Japanese cars.
The seventh-generation
The seventh-generation Crown launched in 1983 has three models derived from the 5M engine, namely the 5M carburetor version, The 5M-EU (SOHC) fuel injection version and the 5M-GEU (DOHC) dual top camshaft fuel injection version, while the 2.0L version has 1G-GE (DOHC) out of the old 1G-EU (SOHC) engine, but lower The seventh-generation Crown still uses the 1G-EU engine. In 1984, the seventh-generation Crown was changed to a 6M3.0 engine. In 1985, the SuperCharger version was added. The electronic equipment of this generation of Crown is more abundant than that of the sixth generation. The ABS anti-lock braking system has become standard. In the case of four-wheel independent suspension, plus the TEMS electronic control suspension system, this system is the first time in the Crown. The car series appeared, and the pearl crystal C-pillar design was used for the first time on the model, and the car version abolished the previous generation of the front fender and rear mirror design, completely out of the "classic car" style.
Picture: After developing to the seventh generation, the crown started with new design elements such as the pearl crystal C-pillar design, abolishing the previous generation's front fender inverted rear mirror design. The author of this generation has driven it, and the most impressive thing is the comfortable suspension.
八代
In 1987, when the bubble economy was the most prosperous Japan, only eight generations of S130 appeared. The shape design continues the seventh-generation color, but the square design is replaced by the curve design style at that time. In terms of engine, the top version of the eighth generation adds 1UZ-FE 4.0L V8 engine, but only the Royal version has this engine. The vehicle model is also divided into a regular Sedan version, a Hartop version without window frames, and a Wagon version. The eighth generation adds an electronic air suspension system and a traction control device (TRC) for the first time, and is upgraded in the integrated information display system, such as The electronic multi-function graphic system and the color LCD car TV for rear seat passengers are all present on the eighth-generation Crown. There is no shortage of this crown in China. The domestic version is called JZS133, which is also commonly known as "Crown 3.0". The car uses a 2JZ-FE inline six-cylinder engine, comfortable ride and powerful power output, make it It became the Changhong model in the domestic auto market at that time, and dealers almost sold out before the car was reached.
Picture: It can be seen from this generation that the Crown car series has transitioned to rounded corners.
九代
The ninth-generation Crown, which was born in 1991, can be described as a breakthrough in the Crown car series. It gave up the load-bearing frame that has always been used. Replaced with an integrated frame with lighter weight, higher rigidity, and greater design tolerance. Although there are not many changes in the engine, the changes in the frame have brought a major change in the overall driving style. The author has also After driving this generation of right-hand drive models, I found that the dynamic changes in the corners are much more linear, and I don't want the 133 era to have a discrete feeling. The appearance is in line with the more contemporary "round" style. When talking about this generation of crowns, I have to mention that the crown is the top luxury version "Crown Majesta". The first generation of Majesta debuted in October 1991, and the subsequent tenth to thirteenth generations have Majesta. version. Majesta was launched after the first generation of Lexus LS400 was launched in North America. The LS400 has been sold in Japan under the name Celsior. The positioning of the car is second only to Century. The addition of Majesta is to complement Celsior. , So the appearance is also very similar to Celsior/LS400Because of the similarity, it was criticized for deviating from the crown style. With the progress of the times, the ninth generation of the Crown began to use 1JZ and 2JZ and other Toyota models, while the M series engines were completely eliminated. In terms of model selection, there are standard, luxury, super luxury, super touring car, royal super touring car, and royal super touring car G. The displacement is 2.4L, 2.5L, and 3.0L. The Wagon version does not appear in this generation. . From this generation of Crown, it began to shrink the national market that it had touched before.
10th-generation
The tenth-generation crown also adopts the linear tone style of the ninth generation, and the overall design of the shape I still prefer the Lexus LS at the time. The tenth-generation Crown is also divided into Sedan and Hartop versions, while the Royal version adds a more sporty Tuning version, and the tenth-generation adds a 4WD system, but only for the Royal Saloon and Royal Extra versions. In 1996, the 2.5L 1JZ-GE used the new technologies of VSC and VVT-i for the first time, giving it excellent driving stability and adding fresh dynamic charm. By 1997, advanced safety equipment such as the VSC anti-skid system, GOA safety body, and SRS side safety air curtain also became standard, greatly increasing the safety performance.
Picture: For the tenth-generation model, driving safety has been paid attention to, and the GOA safety body appeared for the first time in this car series.
Eleventh generation
The eleventh generation crown wheelbase is longer, which improves the interior space of the car. In order to improve the rigidity of the car body, the body is changed to belt Car body with sash door. The four-door version of the sedan is divided into Royal and Athlete, while the Athlete version is a sporty version unique to this generation of Crown, and the wagon version has been unveiled in the eleventh-generation Crown for the first time since the 130. The engine configuration is 2.0L and 2.5. There are three options of L and 3.0L, and the Athletewagon version uses 2.5L 1JZ-GTE. The Royalwagon version uses the 2JZ-FSE engine and uses the advanced Mild Hybrid. system (this system is not a true hybrid, but the engine will automatically die when the vehicle is parked or coasting at low speed, and the engine will automatically die when the accelerator is stepped on. Automatic ignition.) At the same time, the Majesta of this generation officially branched into a model with a longer wheelbase and a larger body. In August 2010, the eleventh-generation Crown made another breakthrough in safety, further strengthening the GOA safety body, expanding the setting of the VSC system, and adopting ABS+EBD brake assist.
Picture: In the eleventh generation, the Crown series has added a new member again, which is the sports version of Athlete.
Picture: Starting from this generation, the Crown is no longer exported but only sold in Japan, so this generation does not have a left-hand drive model. After the tenth generation, it will be seen in China. Not the new Crown model.
Twelfth Generation
The 12th-generation model, which was dubbed the "Zero Crown" in 2003, put aside the beam of the old crown, everything from Start from scratch, redesign. The shape adopts a more modern and streamlined design with a drag coefficient of only 0.27 and a longer wheelbase. In terms of power, the previous straight 6 engine is abandoned, and the new V6 3GR 3.0 and 3.5L 2GR engines are used, and the intake and exhaust VVT-i system is configured. Not only is the power more powerful, but it also achieves low fuel consumption and low pollution. The engine is exclusively used by Royal and Athlete. The Majesta of this generation uses a 4.3LV8 engine and is equipped with a four-wheel drive system. The 12th-generation Crown, which started domestically in 2005, just entered its fiftieth anniversary.At this time, its significance is quite far-reaching, and the domestic crown is also the only crown product produced overseas in Japan. The new generation of Crown's new rear-wheel drive chassis technology, newly developed front double rocker arm rear multi-link suspension. Continuously innovative product development improves the follow-up of the car body, makes the cornering control more precise, reaches the world's top level, and can bring the driver into the realm of "car moves with the heart".
Picture: The 12th generation also has the Athlete version (sports version). The inline six-cylinder engine that has been accompanied by the development of the car series officially retired, and the Crown began to enter the V6 engine era.
Picture: In 2005, it entered the 50th anniversary of the Crown series, so in order to solemnly, the car factory specially launched the commemorative version of Full Option.
第13代
Starting from the twelfth generation, the crown has entered a new stage of its historical styling design. It has experienced classical grace, After being simple and square, after being round and heavy, and until the "streamline era" created by the twelfth generation, the thirteenth generation of the crown has shown the determination not only to continue the tradition, but also to make a bold breakthrough in style. In Japan, the 13th-generation Crown is also divided into two versions, Royal and Sporty Athlete, and Majesta is already larger in size than the Royal version, and this time the 13th-generation competitors are directly directed to BMW 5 Series, Audi European famous cars such as the A6, the 13th-generation Crown competitors in Japan come from Honda's history and Nissan's elegance.
Fourteenth Generation
On December 25, 2012, the fourteenth generation crown (S210) was officially launched in Japan On the market, the Crown has released the Royal series and the Athlete sports series, as well as a new hybrid version. The Majesta version has not yet been launched. Previously, the domestically produced Crown model, although also called the Royal, is different from the Royal series launched in Japan. The domestically produced model is actually the Majesta series.
Picture: The fourteenth-generation crown has obvious changes in the styling design, and the current design style has a strong visual impact. In industrial design, although it is difficult for a product to be accepted by people, after seeing the restrained and modest Toyota, whether this extremely tense model can be accepted by people is not a small question.
Picture: The central control layout of the Royal series (above) and the Athlete sports series are basically the same. The touch dual-screen design is adopted for the first time. Compared with current models, the fourteenth-generation Crown The design is more layered, and the redesigned steering wheel and large screen are the biggest highlights. At the same time, the styles of the instrument panel, steering wheel and shift lever have also changed. In addition to the luxury configuration, the fourteenth generation of the Crown is also equipped with an adaptive high beam system, a headlight intelligent cornering auxiliary lighting system, panoramic camera monitoring, an improved pre-collision system, and dual center console displays, etc. .
