What should I do if my baby is positive at home? One thing is absolutely forbidden!
Attention! Babies under 3 years old are susceptible to " new crown "
In the past month, the Capital Institute of Pediatrics said: Among the confirmed -positive children, including newborns to 18-year-old teenagers, html a high proportion of infants and young children under 13 years old; On December 10, Charlin, director of pediatrics at Wuhan Puren Hospital, said: htmlInfants under the age of 13 are susceptible groups.htmlInfants under the age of 11 have short airways. After upper respiratory tract infection, it is easy to invade the lower respiratory tract. Children are prone to fever and suffocation, causing difficulty in breathing. In addition, html there is no new coronavirus vaccine coverage for people under the age of 13, their ability to resist the new coronavirus is even weaker.
Qian Suyun, chief physician of Beijing Children's Hospital, said that the symptoms of children infected with the new coronavirus are similar to those of adults, and are mainly symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection. Common clinical symptoms are fever (which can be high fever above 39°C), cough and runny nose, sore throat, body aches and fatigue, and some children have diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, vomiting, and nasal congestion; If there are obvious symptoms of breathlessness during the course of the disease, lung imaging examination is required to diagnose whether there is pulmonary infection. The symptoms of sick children within a week are generally as shown in the figure below:
(One-week symptom chart of children's cases)
Generally, the illness course for adults is about 7 days, and the recovery period for infants and children will be shorter, about 3 to 5 days. What should you do if your baby is "positive"? Let's look down.
Everyone in the family is positive
Can it be prevented if the baby is positive?
If there are positive patients at home, they should isolate and protect themselves as much as possible (parents who come into contact with the baby wash their hands and wear N95 masks) to avoid the baby's infection or delay the infection or reduce the viral load to reduce post-infection symptoms, which is also a good protection for the baby.
It is winter now, and there is a positive patient at home
How to ventilate and keep warm?
Ventilate regularly to reduce the amount of viruses in the air. It is best to use heating equipment such as radiators. Air conditioning may cause viruses to stay in the flowing air. When using heating equipment in winter, use a humidifier reasonably to keep the air humidity above 40%.
What are the symptoms of "positive" newborn
?
The positive symptoms of some newborns have no obvious specificity. Once the body temperature is high and there are positive patients at home, new coronavirus infection should be considered. Common symptoms of newborns include vomiting, crying, loose stools, cold hands and feet, etc.
Common symptoms of fever in older infants are mainly accompanied by upper respiratory tract symptoms, high fever, runny nose, vomiting, and severe shock shock , which are similar to flu symptoms. The possibility of febrile convulsions is slightly higher.
How do parents judge
whether they need to take their baby to the hospital?
It is easy to get cross-infection by going to the hospital casually.
● html Infants under 12 months old (premature infants are calculated based on corrected month age, and extremely premature infants should be taken extremely seriously) have a history of contact with positive patients. If they have fever (excluding excessive warmth, body temperature ≥38°C) and/or mental weakness, vomiting, shortness of breath (breathing is significantly faster than before the illness), difficulty breathing (open clothes to observe the inspiratory depression of the costal margin or intercostal space), any of the above is recommended to seek medical treatment immediately.
● htmlFor infants over 22 months old, if the medication for high fever does not work well, is mentally weak, has frequent vomiting and is unable to eat, etc., consider seeking medical attention.
How to measure the baby's temperature?
Can I use a forehead thermometer, ear thermometer ?
It is recommended to use electronic thermometer to measure axillary temperature . Measure for 3 to 5 minutes. The skin of young babies is thin and the blood flows quickly. The result does not need to be +0.3 to 0.5℃. Axillary temperature ≥ 37.5℃ is judged as excessive body temperature.
has a large deviation in measuring forehead temperature. Measuring ear temperature has requirements for parents and requires the correct method to obtain a more accurate temperature. Oral temperature measurement is not recommended for infants. Improper operation of measuring rectal temperature may cause injury and is not recommended.
How to judge whether the body temperature is high or low
?
low heat : 37.5~38.0℃;
medium heat : 38.1~39 .0℃;
high heat : 39.1~41.0℃;
ultra high heat : above 41.0℃.
High fevers ≥ 39.1℃ should be actively dealt with. Ultra-high fever will consume a lot of physical energy in the baby, and the possibility of convulsions will also increase. Try to avoid ultra-high fever in the baby.
What should I do if I have repeated fever?
It is normal for body temperature to rise and fall repeatedly during the course of COVID-19. According to recent observations of admitted patients, the body temperature of most babies will fluctuate within 3 to 4 days, and then gradually stabilize after 3 to 4 days. If the body temperature still returns after 4 days, you should go to the hospital for further evaluation to see if there is secondary bacterial infection or repeated infection with other viruses.
What should I do if my baby is "yang"
and has a febrile convulsion?
Febrile convulsions in infants and young children infected with COVID-19 are slightly higher than those caused by other influenzas. The reason is that high fever and ultra-high fever occur more frequently after COVID-19, so the incidence of convulsions is also slightly higher.
A convulsion usually lasts within a few minutes. The emergency treatment at this time is to lie on the side with the head and body in a straight line to keep the respiratory tract open to avoid suffocation. Do not pinch the person. Wait for recovery and send the person to the doctor for further evaluation. Will
suffer from repeated convulsions?
Babies with high or ultra-high fever may have secondary convulsions. Especially when the baby has a fever, parents mistakenly apply heat to the baby, causing the body temperature to rise sharply, which is more likely to cause secondary convulsions.
What should I do if my baby has a fever and cold hands and feet
?
During the period of rising body temperature, manifested by chills, cold hands and feet, and a pale complexion, you should increase the ambient temperature, keep warm, and reduce the amount of clothing covering the head and neck areas where the temperature is high. At this time, avoid warm water scrubbing and taking warm baths. Alcohol scrubbing is absolutely prohibited. Such operations may cause extreme discomfort to the baby and cause adverse consequences.
When the baby's hands and feet are warm and the face turns red, lower the ambient temperature, untie the clothes to dissipate heat, and use warm water to bathe the forehead, armpits, and popliteal fossa to help lower the body temperature (avoid wiping the chest), and change sweaty clothes in time. Babies should still avoid bathing in warm water, which increases physical exertion, and alcohol-based baths are absolutely prohibited.
How to take medicine when the baby is "yang"
?
● html It is not recommended to give any antipyretic drugs to newborns under 22 months old.
● html Infants aged 22 to 6 months can use acetaminophen .
● htmlInfants over 26 months old can use acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
Acetaminophen has a rapid onset of action and a short maintenance time. Ibuprofen has a slow onset of action and a long lasting effect. Parents should choose one according to the actual situation of the baby. Choose one and do not use it interchangeably. The medication should not be used more than 4 times in 24 hours .
Please read the instructions carefully for dosage. When there is a conflict between age and weight, you can prioritize choosing the dosage based on your weight. Babies who are using antipyretics for the first time can start with the recommended low dose.
How to take medicine if your baby has a cough
?
It is more likely that babies will cough and expectorate after COVID-19 infection. It is not recommended to use simple cough medicines .
It is recommended to use cough and expectorant drugs, such as ambroxol drugs. At the same time, you can increase the environmental humidity and pat the back with hollow palms to help cough and phlegm.
Some babies develop wheezing bronchitis after infection. If wheezing occurs, they should go to the hospital in time and seek professional help.
What should I do if my baby has a stuffy nose
?
Raise your head and increase the ambient temperature and humidity. You can apply a warm washcloth to the top of your nose, or you can use a baby-sized sea salt spray.
If the baby has a fever
What suggestions do you have for drinking water?
● For babies under half a year old who develop high fever, whether they are breastfed or formula fed, it is recommended to drink milk to replenish water and protein.
● For babies over half a year old to 1 year old, it is recommended to drink appropriate water and supplement with milk.
● htmlBabies over 21 years old are recommended to drink more water. In addition, you can increase the environmental humidity and fruits and dairy products that your baby can easily accept.
If the mother is "positive" herself
, can she still breastfeed?
Breast milk is the best food, and there is no evidence to prove that COVID-19 is transmitted through breast milk.
COVID-19 positive mothers should wash their hands and wear N95 masks when breastfeeding. If the mother coughs frequently, she should wipe the environment with disinfectant wipes and use protective clothing.
As long as mothers who are confirmed to be positive for COVID-19 have physical strength, there is no limit on how high their body temperature should be for breastfeeding. Consider that mothers with mastitis should suspend breastfeeding on the affected side if the temperature exceeds 38.5°C.
Can the mother still breastfeed after taking Chinese patent medicines
?
If a nursing mother has a fever, she can take acetaminophen or ibuprofen. If the mother uses penicillin and cefradine antibiotics, she can still breastfeed normally.
It is not recommended to use Chinese patent medicines.
In the face of the new coronavirus, mothers should focus on two aspects: drug treatment and care :
In terms of household medicine:
First of all, it is recommended that mothers can simply prepare some common children's over-the-counter drugs that are suitable for the baby's age. If the baby is really "positive", they can be given to the baby as soon as possible. There are no anti-coronavirus drugs approved for use in young children in my country, and most infected people only need symptomatic treatment.
2. For those with a slight cough, can use Lianhua Qingwen Capsules /granules; if has frequent coughs, can use Xingbei Cough and Expectorant Oral Liquid , Compound fresh bamboo extract , etc.;
3. If nasal congestion and runny nose are obvious, you can use Biyanqing oral liquid, etc., If it is severe, use oxymetazoline nasal spray and other nasal sprays for a short period of time; if ht occurs ml2In case of excessive phlegm and difficulty in coughing up phlegm, it is recommended to use acetylcysteine granules, etc.;
4. If accompanied by sticky and unsmooth stools or diarrhea, and white and greasy/yellow tongue coating, Huoxiang Zhengqi soft capsules/oral liquid can be added to the above traditional Chinese medicine.
5. If is afraid of cold and has cold hands and feet, can add Pediatric Chai Gui Antipyretic Granules on the basis of the above traditional Chinese medicine.
Medication Note: The baby may have increased stool frequency after taking traditional Chinese medicine. If it is more than 3 times/day, the dosage can be halved as appropriate. Just choose one type of traditional Chinese medicine preparation to clear away heat, to avoid the risk of drug overdose. Those with a history of drug allergy should take it under the guidance of a doctor; when the baby's body temperature is stable and lower than 38.5℃, no need to use antipyretics, but observation is still required to avoid recurrence of the condition.
If the baby has persistent high fever for more than 3 days without relief at home, and has obvious shortness of breath and wheezing, especially html infants and young children under 12 years old After fever, if symptoms such as milk refusal or listlessness, drowsiness, convulsions, and breathlessness after activity occur, the baby should be sent to the hospital for treatment immediately; for babies with basic diseases, it is recommended that the first choice hospital is observation and treatment.
Care aspects:
After the baby is infected, he should live separately from other people living with him, and keep a distance; children over 1 year old should wear protective gear High-risk children can wear N95 masks; infected children and their parents should eat separately, clean and disinfect tableware; parents should also wear N95 masks when caring for their children, and wash and disinfect their hands after coming into contact with children and their belongings; Parents and guardians should also monitor their own body temperature, and should isolate themselves in time and rest if symptoms occur.
For children with asymptomatic or mild symptoms, pay attention to rest, eat a light diet, usually do not need special treatment, and can recover in a few days; For infants and young children, should also pay close attention to the child's mental state and reaction, and consider seeking medical treatment in time when crying, refusing to breastfeed, etc. appear.
In addition, when the baby has a fever, the body may be very hot. Avoid wrapping too many clothes. It is not recommended to physically cool the baby. Pay special attention to Do not use alcohol to wipe the body to cool down. Because the cuticle of the baby's skin is very thin, alcohol will damage the skin and is easily absorbed by the body, which is not good for the baby's health.
Mothers should be particularly reminded that the central nervous system of babies under 6 years old is generally immature, especially in infants and young children with high fevers of 39°C-40°C, It is easy to cause febrile convulsions; Once febrile convulsions occur, keep the baby lying down and turn his head to one side to avoid secretions from accidentally entering the respiratory tract and causing suffocation. Ensure the safety of the child's surrounding environment and avoid injury from sharp objects. At the same time, call 120 and seek medical treatment in time.
How to prevent the baby from becoming "yang"
First of all, mothers should pay attention to avoid the baby from being exposed to pathogens,do a good job of isolation;At the same time,the nutritional intake and daily routine cannot be ignored.
In terms of isolation:
2 If parents are at risk or have tested positive, they can ask other family members to take care of their children and keep them isolated. They must take protective measures, wear masks, wash their hands before coming into contact with their children, and do not touch their faces.
3 There is currently no evidence that the virus can be transmitted through breast milk. If a mother is infected, she can express her milk in advance and feed it to her baby with a bottle.
In terms of nutritional intake: In daily diet, attention should be paid to enhancing immunity to ensure adequate milk volume and nutritional content every day. Intake of protein foods should be strengthened; when choosing milk powder, you can also focus on immunity-related nutrients, such as lactoferrin, nucleotides, probiotics, etc.
In terms of daily life and rest: Sleep and exercise should be sufficient. Insisting on exercise can improve your mood and enhance your physical fitness. Wash your hands frequently, not for less than 20 seconds; you can wash with soap and water, or use hand sanitizer with an alcohol concentration of more than 75%, avoid touching your mouth, nose and eyes with dirty hands. Pay attention to disinfecting daily items, wipe them with 75% alcohol , or disinfect them with chlorine-containing disinfectant.
If the baby has a fever when monitoring the body temperature, the mother does not need to worry too much. She can monitor more frequently, such as measuring once every one or two hours, and recording the data to see if the body temperature drops subsequently, and then make corresponding judgments and treatments based on the child's mental state.
Infants and young children may not be able to fully express their feelings, parents need to pay more attention to daily prevention and treatment, patiently and carefully observe the baby's status; now the new coronavirus is mainly mild and asymptomatic, so there is no need to panic and anxiety. Once "caught", just do the corresponding symptomatic treatment.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-