The new coronavirus has been constantly mutated, and the main strain currently popular is the Omickron mutant strain. Its main feature is that the pathogenicity of and the virulence are significantly weakened, but the infectiousness is stronger. It is often "yang" for one person and the whole family is "yang", and the infection of children involves the hearts of countless parents. When do children need medication after they are infected with , new crown ? What are the taboos for taking medicine? What situations do you need to go to the hospital for medical treatment? Zou Yingxue, director of the Comprehensive Internal Medicine Department (respiratory, infection direction, etc.), the Race Farm Campus of Tianjin Children's Hospital, interprets it to you from a professional perspective.
Get out of the misunderstanding of fever in children
How to deal with fever after children are infected with the new crown is the most common issue for parents at present. "Many parents believe that when their children's body temperature is high, they must reduce their fever. In fact, some children are still in good spirits when they are 38 degrees 5 or even 39 degrees. If the child has no history of convulsions in the past, don't blindly pursue low body temperature. It's good to eat, sleep, and move, and they also cooperate with their parents' comforting actions, so parents don't need to panic at all. " Director Zou Yingxue said that parents need to get out of the misunderstanding of fever in children.
"Now is the epidemic season for respiratory disease infection. Fever is just a state of all diseases. Fever is caused by the disease itself, not by the disease, but by the disease. Therefore, the body temperature of is not absolutely proportional to the severity of the disease. The main purpose of taking antipyretic drugs is to relieve the discomfort caused by the fever to the child, so that the child can safely and comfortably pass the fever period, rather than pursue normal body temperature, because the perception of body temperature in different ages is different. "
The body temperature is high and the body temperature is too high, how should I deal with it at home? " First, check whether the child's skin color changes, whether the movement ability has decreased, and whether the dehydration is manifested. If none of these, give some antipyretic and painkillers. As long as the child is comfortable, there is no need to worry. "
In addition to rational use of medicine, how can relieve the discomfort caused by fever? Director Zou Yingxue suggested that can use physical cooling, apply cold water towels to the children's forehead, take a warm bath, pat dry with a loose towel, use antipyretic patches and antipyretic blankets, or reduce the temperature of the indoor environment. These can take away the heat of the body and make the child feel comfortable. " We do not recommend using alcohol to wash baths, nor do we recommend using cold salt water enema. "
At the same time, Director Zou Yingxue emphasized that after has fever, it is most afraid of insufficient water intake, causing circulation obstacles and dehydration. "This requires emergency treatment, so I suggest that you can feed a little electrolyte water to children with fever. electrolyte water does not need to be purchased. If is a child who has added complementary food, boil a little dilute rice soup without rice grains. Add 5 grams of white sugar and 2.5 grams of salt for every 500 ml. This is the standard formula for correcting dehydration rehydration salt. It can achieve the same effect as the finished product oral rehydration salt purchased. also supplements carbohydrates can also be diluted twice as regular watering. babies who do not have complementary foods can feed their children a little water between breast milk. "
gives up space: there are more than two antipyretic drugs
Director Zou Yingxue suggested that you can bring your own antipyretic drugs at home, but there is no need for too much. "In one illness cycle, a bottle of acetaminophen or ibuprofen is enough." According to the medication guidance, children over years old choose acetaminophen; children under 6 months old should not take ibuprofen; children over 6 months old can prepare ibuprofen or acetaminophen, choose one of the two. When using antipyretic drugs, you must strictly follow the dosage, time interval, applicable age and other regulations in the instructions.
In the interview, Director Zou Yingxue strongly called for, "Recently, we have seen that everyone is snatching up some two kinds of oral antipyretic drugs, which makes the supply and demand of drugs a little tight. hopes that our older age group will try to give our children under 6 months of age space to "acetaminophen". Children over 6 years old have many compound preparations to choose from, children over 12 years old, You can basically take the same medicine as adults. ”
According to the medication guidance, children under 12 years old should choose children's special dosage forms when applying symptomatic treatment drugs, such as suspensions, drops, etc., such as: ibuprofen suspension, acetaminophen oral suspension, ambroxol hydrochloride granules, acetylcysteine granules, memin pseudo-ma oral solution, compound aminophen-namin granules (the above is only the reference dosage form).
At the same time, Director Zou Yingxue said that is not only Merrill Lynch and Tylenol that can reduce fever for children. Parents need to look at the ingredients rather than the name of the medicine. They hope that parents will look at the medicine manual before taking the medicine to understand the ingredients composition. "Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are ingredients of antipyretic drugs. There are many medicines that children can take that contain one of these two ingredients, both of which are OK. At the same time, many Chinese patent medicines in have good antipyretic effects, such as children's Zixue San, Lingyangjiao Granules, and children's Sci-Chengqiao Granules. They can help reduce fever."
How to use antipyretic drugs?
Director Zou Yingxue said that children who are over two months old can take antipyretic drugs if their temperature is greater than 38.2℃ and are accompanied by obvious discomfort. "The dose of antipyretic and analgesic medication for children is strictly based on the weight of the child. The maximum amount of 15 mg per kilogram of acetaminophen is given per kilogram of body weight, and the maximum amount of 10 mg of ibuprofen can alleviate the symptoms of fever. The maximum amount of acetaminophen is given to 600 mg per 1, and the total amount of medicine cannot exceed 2 grams per day; the maximum amount of ibuprofen is given to 400 mg per 400 mg per 2, and the total amount of medicine cannot exceed 2.4 grams per day. In this way, the number of times the child takes medicine every day is about three times, and at most four times, so there cannot be more. "
Director Zou Yingxue emphasized that what is more terrible than fever is the acute caused by excessive medication. Liver failure, "Acetaminophen is the top three medicines in the world that cause acute liver failure. Every year, excessive use of antipyretic agents will cause a lot of acute liver failure. At the same time, drug allergies are the most common. Even if children hospitalized in our ward, if the fever-relieving medicine is given, we all choose oral rehydration or intravenous rehydration. Antipyretic drugs must be carefully selected and used. If the child's comfort level is not greatly affected, do not blindly pursue the temperature on thermometer . If the body temperature of cannot be reduced, there may be another possibility that the calories are insufficient and the need for hydration is needed. "
At the same time, Zou Yingxue suggested, containing two ingredients is not recommended to use antipyretic drugs alternately, "The current virus infection is that does not recommend using acetaminophen and ibuprofen alternately. drugs take time to take effect. As household medication cannot choose the alternating time. Parents cannot pursue antipyretic drugs to reduce fever immediately. generally takes at least 1 to 2 hours. after taking antipyretic drugs, the body temperature does not drop, and it may also be necessary to replenish or other situations."
children have these symptoms and need to go to the hospital immediately.
According to the medication guidance, seek medical attention immediately if the following situations occur: First, children under 3 months of age have fever; second, children have fever for more than 3 consecutive days; third, they have poor mental state after fever, drowsiness, and they do not improve even after the body temperature drops; fourth, rashes appear during the fever; fifth, frequent coughs affect daily life and sleep; sixth, young children are irritable and crying and unable to soothe; seventh, vomiting, appetite decreases, and babies refuse to breastfeed; eighth, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, infants and young children moan and wheezing; nineth, continuous refusal to eat, difficulty feeding, continuous diarrhea or vomiting.
Director Zou Yingxue further interpreted this, "The most critical point is whether the child will have adverse reactions in the body caused by fever. If experiences reduced activity, pale skin, rapid breathing, incitement of nose wings, refuse to eat, refuse to enter water, reduce urine volume, poor skin elasticity, and even moan, lethargy, or constant screaming, and irritability, you need to take the child to seek medical treatment immediately. "
Director Zou Yingxue said that he is still in the early stage of acute infection of the virus, "The epidemic is still in the rising period. In addition to the new coronavirus, there are influenza viruses and other breathing. If the fever in is still not improved for three days after taking medicine at home, you should take the child to the hospital to see why the fever is caused. "
Hyperconvulsion is treated in this way
In response to the high fever convulsion that many parents are worried about, Director Zou Yingxue introduced: "It is related to the poor development of the central system of children. It is common between 6 months and 3 years old. It is basically within 24 hours of onset, and it occurs once a course of the disease. This is a benign high fever convulsion, which generally does not have It is too serious. If the child does not experience convulsions and convulsions on the first day of the fever, it will basically not appear during the course of the disease. Therefore, it should be noted that fever convulsions will occur on the first day of the disease, and may not be in the rising period of body temperature. Some children are fine when they have a fever of 39 degrees 5, but they do not go away after taking antipyretics. Instead, they will experience convulsions. ”
But if children have a family history of fever convulsions or have previous hyperthermic convulsions, they are very likely to experience convulsions when their body temperature is low. For these children, they advocate actively reducing fever. If convulsions occur repeatedly, they need to go to the hospital. , "But even with a family history, parents don't have to panic too much. Most of them are very good after recovery. There is currently no evidence that fever can cause nervous system damage. It is because of encephalitis , meningitis, polio and other diseases that cause the leftover neurological sequelae. It is not the fever itself. It should be emphasized that the 'sewages' left after fever is reduced is not related to fever, but because of inflammation caused by virus , or the pathogen infection. "
So if there is fever convulsion, what should I do at home? Director Zou Yingxue introduced the relevant treatment measures, " Parents must take good care of them, do not let their children suffocate due to vomit, or bite themselves. You can turn the child's head side and use a spoon or bamboo sheet wrapped in a cloth to prevent bite. And you should send the hospital to the hospital in time. The reason for the convulsion itself is not only the high body temperature, but may also have other serious diseases. "
Director Zou Yingxue said that since last week, the children's hospital has admitted more children with febrile convulsions, but the symptoms and signs have changed again this week. "So we still don't know much about the unified rules of this virus in treating children's diseases. , It also needs to be observed. It should also be emphasized that winter itself is the peak season for respiratory infections such as influenza. You cannot just consider the impact on the treatment of other diseases. Children with obvious symptoms need to seek medical treatment in a timely manner. Parents’ responsibilities are mainly care. ”
Director Zou Yingxue called on children to avoid panic and not nervous during home treatment. In addition to rational use of , routine care is also very important. Replenish water, vitamins , electrolytes, intake of rich and nutritious diets, clean the environment at home, and reduce contact with families who are already positive.
Jinyun News Reporter Ma Yangyang
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