In the history of our country, "The Art of War by Sun Tzu" is a very famous military book. In addition, when it comes to the strategy of using soldiers, "Thirty-Six Strategies" is also very famous. Do you know who the author of "The Thirty-Six Strategies" is? What is his record? What is the final outcome?
The author of "Thirty Six Strategies" is Tan Daoji. Tan Daoji was born in Gaoping Jinxiang (now Jinxiang County, Shandong). A famous general in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, the founding father of the Southern Song Dynasty, the brother of the left general Tan Shao.
Tan Daoji was born in a poor family, and his parents died. Participated in the Beifu soldiers founded by Xie Xuan and devoted himself to Liu Yu's men. Followed by Liu Yu led troops to quell the Huanxuan Rebellion, worshiped the Taiwei to join the army, Tang County male, from the rebellion of Lu Xun. In the twelfth year of Yixi (416), he worshiped the champion general, followed Liu Yu to attack the Qin Dynasty, and broke the Qin Xincai, Luoyang, and Tongguan. After Emperor Wu of Song came to the throne, he enlisted the generals of the guard army, Sanqi Changshi, and Danyang Yin, moved the town to the north general and the southern Yanzhou governor to resist the Northern Wei attack. After Emperor Wen of Song ascended the throne, he worshiped General North, named Wuling Jun Gong, put down Xiehui's rebellion, and worshiped General Nan and Jiangzhou Governor.
Tan Daoji
Tan Daoji's main military achievements:
1, Jin Yixi twelve years (416), after Liu Yu's Northern Expedition, Qin, Tan Daoji was the champion general, and Wang Zhenyi was the vanguard, leading the army along the Huai River and Fei River Xuchang and Luoyang advance. The Tanjun arrived in Xiangcheng first. Later Qin defender Yao Zhang surrendered without a fight, but when he attacked Xincai (now in Henan), he was stubbornly resisted by the latter Qin general Dong Zun. Warlord Tan Daoji stormed, broke through the city, killed Dong Zun, and then conquered Xuchang. After Qin Yingchuan prefect Yao Yuan and general Yang Ye were captured. Taking advantage of the opportunity of strong military power, Tan Dao took advantage of the victory to advance to Bayang City, overcome Xingyang, and reached Chenggao (now Xingyang, Henan). General Qin Zhengnan Yao Yu garrisoned Luoyang and begged Guanzhong for reinforcements. Yao Hong sent Yao Yinan to lead 10,000 Ma Xingye to rescue him. But the reinforcements have not arrived yet, Tan Daoji has captured Cheng Gao, and together with other troops, surrounded Luoyang on all sides. Yao Lu was lonely, so he had to open the gate and land.
2, in March of the thirteenth year of Jin Yixi, Liu Yu asked Mao Xiuzhi to stay in Luoyang, and Tan Daoji led his division to continue westward. Wangzhen hated Mianchi and arrived at Tongguan. Tan Daoji and Shen Linzi crossed Hebei to attack Pu (now Yongji, Shanxi), trying to bypass Tongguan and enter Guanzhong. However, the post-Qin garrison was very powerful, and the city was hard to get down. Tan Daoji had to return to Henan and join forces with Wang Zhen to attack Tongguan. Later Qin Dazai Yao Shao led an army of 50,000 to rescue and switch to battle. The Jin army fought hard, killing and injuring more than a thousand people in the Qin army. After being frustrated, the Qin Army retreated to Dingcheng (now Huayin East, Shaanxi), holding on at risk. Rejecting for several months, Yao Shao died of illness. The Qin Army lost the main general and had no intention of defending. In August, Wang Zhenyi led the boat division from the Yellow River to the Weishui, and landed on the Weiqiao Bridge. After the Qin Army broke down. Yao Hong left the city and surrendered, and the Qin Dynasty perished.
Ancient wars
3. After Liu Yu's death, the young emperor came to the throne. Tan Daoji, Xu Xianzhi, Fu Liang, and Xie Hui were all ministers of Gu Ming. The Northern Wei Dynasty took the Song value for a new funeral, and marched southward, making a total of several roads. The whole Sizhou and most of Qingzhou, Yanzhou, and Yuzhou were quickly captured by the Wei army. Tan Dao gathered the police and led the army to rescue. When the army arrived in Pengcheng, the two states of Si and Qing were both in critical condition. Tan Daoji did not lead many troops and could not go far enough. However, the Qingzhou Road was close and the defenders were weak, so they led the troops and went to rescue. Seeing that the Song Yuan army was approaching, Wei Jun withdrew from the siege of Dongyang (now southwest of Feixian County, Shandong), the Qingzhou administration. Tan Dao sent his troops to Dongyang, the army was exhausted, so he had to stop chasing, and saw that Dongyang City was in ruins, moved Qingzhou to the city (now southwest of Jimo, Shandong), and then returned to Xianglu (now southeast of Yutai, Shandong). Stopped the momentum of Wei Jun's southward advance.
4. In the seventh year of Yuanjia (430), in order to relieve the threat from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, Emperor Wen ordered Tandao to consolidate the army in the northern expedition. The front of the Song army went to Yanzhi to march into Henan and regained Luoyang, Hulao and other places. But soon, Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty personally led his army to counterattack and defeated Yanzhi and other ministries. The frontline troops of Liu Song were in chaos, and many places fell and retreated to the sliding platform. In January of the following year, Tan Daoji led his division to rescue the sliding platform, and the army reached Shouzhang (now southwest of Dongping, Shandong), and met Wei Anping's family. Tan Daoji led the army to march forward courageously, defeating the Wei army, and marching northward by victory. For more than 20 days and more than 30 consecutive battles, the Song army was more victorious and entered Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong).
The ending of the ancient war
Tan Daoji: the master of high power, was killed by the ruler's suspicion of killing
In 432 AD (Yuanjia 9th year), Tan Daoji was named Sikong because of his repeated great achievements, and he was named Sikong. In 436 AD (the thirteenth year of Yuanjia), Liu Yilong became seriously ill, and the king of Pengcheng Liu Yikang was in power, worried about TanAfter the death of Liu Yilong, the Daoji Society rebelled and called Tan Daoji into the dynasty. Before leaving, his wife persuaded Tan Daoji to say: "The fame of shaking the world must be jealous. It has been like this in ancient times. The court has nothing to do with each other, and there may be catastrophe!" Tan Daoji refused to listen to the advice, and said, "I will lead my teacher to defend against foreign bandits. , Guarding the border, never failing the country, how could the country fail my heart?” As a result, Tan Daoji was arrested by Liu Yikang as soon as he arrived in Jiankang. When Tan Daoji was arrested, he severely pulled down his headscarf and fell to the ground, saying: "Destroy the Great Wall of Ten Thousand Miles!" Finally, Tan Daoji and his eleven sons, as well as the generals such as Xue Tong and Gao Jinzhi, were building. Kang was executed. When the news spread to the Northern Wei Dynasty, the general Wei Jun celebrated: "When Tan Daoji died, there would be no one to fear in the south!" Z1z
15 years after Tan Daoji was killed. Emperor Wen of Song initiated the Northern Expedition, but was defeated by the Northern Wei Dynasty. The army commander of the Northern Wei Dynasty drove straight in, and once marched south to Guabu on the north bank of the Yangtze River. Song Wen Emperor Liu Yilong ascended the stone city to the north, with a worried look on his face, and said with a long voice: "If Tan Daoji is still there, how can I get to this point!"
Ancient wars
Tan Daoji In 430 AD (the seventh year of Yuanjia), Liu Yilong sent his army to the Northern Expedition and appointed Governor Tan Daoji to all military forces. Soon after the Song Army was defeated, food was tight. A soldier in the Tan Daoji army fled to the Wei camp and surrendered, and told the generals of the Northern Wei Dynasty about the lack of food in the Song army. The Northern Wei Dynasty sent an army to chase Tan Daoji in order to trap the Song army. When Song Jun saw a large number of Wei Jun approaching, his army was shaken. Tan Daoji ordered the soldiers to camp and rest on the spot. That night, Tan Daoji personally led a group of soldiers in charge of grain to check grain in a camp. Some soldiers sang and counted with bamboo chips in their hands, while others measured rice with their buckets.
Wei Jun spies secretly looked into the camp, only to see that the rice bags were full. He immediately reported to the coach that Tan Daoji’s camp was still more than sufficient, and he obviously couldn’t fight Tan Daoji now. Wei Jiang got the information, thinking that the Song Bing who had come to inform them was a false surrender, and came to trick them into being fooled, so he killed the surrendered Song Bing. In fact, what Tan Daoji was measuring in the camp was not white rice, but buckets of sand, only a small amount of white rice was covered on the sand. Tan Daoji finally retired smoothly with the plan of "singing for the sand".
Tan Daoji made great achievements, but was eventually killed by the ruler's suspicion. However, the patriotism he left us and the strategy of "Thirty-Six Strategies" let us always remember him and respect him. Original works of
Tan Daoji
are not allowed to be reproduced without permission.
