古代的書童除了陪讀，還有什麼特殊作用？
各位看官想必在電視劇中經常會看到一個情節，什麼情節呢？一個文弱書生屁股後面永遠都跟著一個看似憨憨的小書童。尤其是古代的富二代，官二代，身後的書童有的時候還不止一個，高俅原來就是蘇軾的一個小書童。
這個時候估計有看官會問，那麼，書童是幹什麼的呢？
書童大體上有6種職能：
第一種，幫書生整理家務，這種就相當於現在的保姆，以前貼身丫鬟。
第二種，幫書生整理書房，其作用跟一個下人一樣高一點，最起碼需要識字。
第三種，則是負責保護主人，這項職責不由得讓人聯想到很多看似憨厚，不起眼的小書童實則是深藏不漏的高手。此等故事情節，仔細想想，這類大多是大戶人家的公子哥，為什麼這樣說呢？
高手如果是自家養的，從小培養便是一筆巨大開銷，如若是江湖之人，那般傲骨怕是難屈服於一般書生。但是啊，我們也不能斷言窮書生身邊沒有此類書童，人間變數繁多，不可妄下斷言啊！
第四種，則是如同現在的公關，負責幫書生處理一些繁瑣事，幫書生出謀劃策。
第五種，則是陪讀，這種就比較高級了，和書生一起學習，一起游山歷水。古代各個帝王身邊不就有這種書童嗎？一起遊山玩水，吟詩作對，一起學習，一起探討，真的是美滋滋了！
第六種，便是滿足書生的生理需求而來的，其實啊，在古代斷袖也是比較盛行的，特別是許多大戶人家的書生，家教嚴，不允許接近女色，所以，只能由清秀書童解決自己的生理需求。
那麼，這是真的嗎？
據記載，此制度在廣東及毗鄰福建盛行：
當男孩長到16歲左右時，常會認一位年齡稍大的未婚男子為契兄，經過一定儀式後，兩人就像夫妻生活般同吃同睡，直到年長男子結婚。有些在其中一方或雙方皆已娶妻的情況下仍然會維持關係，甚至超過三十歲還很恩愛。雙方父母亦
互把對方的兒子當作女婿般看待，並且，會在對方兒子娶妻時負擔部分費用。
直至晚清滅亡，「契兄弟」這種類婚姻形式才逐漸淡出了人們的視野。
接下來我們回歸正題，為什麼古代窮書生都有書童呢？
其實，這個問題不難想，大多數人知道書童的職責以後都會認為，書童不就好似一個保姆，一個貼身丫鬟嗎？哪有人會傻乎乎免費給書生做事的，誒，還真別說，這種還真有，接下來讓我給您一一道來。
就拿梁山伯跟書生四九的故事來說，梁山伯年幼喪父，母親將他撫養長大。在古代，以男人為天的時代女人一個人活著便已經十分艱難，更何況還帶一個「拖油瓶」，由此可見，梁山伯印證的窮書生之名。他身邊一直跟著一個忠心耿耿的憨傻書童，四九，那麼，問題來了，梁山伯沒錢，是如何請得起書童的呢？其實這不難想。
一來，書童本是過著風餐露宿的生活，跟著書生只為吃上一口飯，有個可以棲身的地方，僅此而已，錢啥的估計都不重要了；
二來，四九也可能是梁山伯遠方親戚將四九送來讓四九可以跟著學習。細想一下，在那種吃不飽穿不暖的生活里，有人肯給你飯給你住的地方，又可以學到知識，拿現在的話說真的是美滋滋了，別說收錢了，就算倒貼也是願意的。再說，梁山伯與祝英台死後雙方書童為他們守墓，由此可見，他們的書童對其是何等忠心耿耿。
此類例子還有許多，就拿諸葛亮來說，在諸葛亮還在山野里過著隱世當著「村夫」的時候，便有倆小書童跟著他，這裡說明一下，村夫的生活是十分清貧的，當時，諸葛亮的經濟方面想必可是一言難盡，但是，他的倆書童想必也是淡泊名利之人，十分衷心的跟著諸葛亮。
有書記載，這倆書童對諸葛亮非常崇拜，更有一書是這樣寫的「吾書童後來替吾守墓咯，真忠義也」，不難看出，諸葛亮雖然生活清貧，但是，憑藉自身的人格魅力，吸引了倆小兒甘願為其當一生的書童。所以，這也是為什麼窮書生都會有書童的原因之一。
說到這裡又有人會問，也不是所有的書生都如同諸葛亮一般，為什麼還會有人願意跟著此等窮書生呢？
可以說，書生在古代的地位是比較高的，對於古人來說讀書可能是改變人生的唯一途徑，據有關人士統計：
我們嘴裡經常提到的窮秀才，酸秀才，社會地位拿到現在來說相當於的高材生，狀元榜眼探花則相當於國級幹部。由此可見，對於古代貧寒之人學習便是唯一的出路，讀不起書怎麼辦？可以給書生陪讀，一起學習，還管飯，這也是為什麼這麼多書童就算沒有工資，也甘願跟著書生當書童了吧？
What special role did ancient book boys play in addition to accompanying them? You watchers must often see a plot in TV dramas. What plot? A weak scholar will always be followed by a little bookboy who looks naive. In particular, in ancient times, there were more than one scholar boy behind the second generation of the rich and the second generation of the officials. Gao Qiu was originally a little scholar boy of Su Shi. At this time, it is estimated that some officials will ask, then, what does a bookboy do? The bookboy has basically six functions: the first is to help the scholar clean up the housework. This is equivalent to the current nanny and the former personal servant girl. The second is to help scholars tidy up their study. Its function is higher than that of a servant. At least, it needs to be literate. The third one is responsible for protecting the master. This responsibility can not help but remind people that many small schoolchildren who seem simple and honest and insignificant are actually masters who do not leak. When you think about the story, most of them are childe brothers of big families. Why do you say so? If an expert is raised by his own family, it will be a huge expense to cultivate him from childhood. If he is a Jianghu person, he will be too proud to yield to ordinary scholars. However, we can't say that there are no such book boys around poor scholars. There are many variables in the world, so we can't make a rash assertion! The fourth kind, like the present public relations, is responsible for helping scholars deal with some trivial matters and giving them advice. The fifth kind is to accompany students to read. This kind is more advanced. They study with scholars and travel around the mountains and rivers together. Aren't there such book boys around the ancient emperors? It's really fun to travel, recite poems, study and discuss together! The sixth is to meet the physiological needs of scholars. In fact, in ancient times, sleeve breaking was also popular, especially for many scholars from large families, who were strict in family education and were not allowed to approach women. Therefore, the only way to meet their physiological needs was to let the handsome schoolboys. So, is this true? According to records, this system prevails in Guangdong and neighboring Fujian: when a boy is about 16 years old, he often recognizes an older unmarried man as his brother. After a certain ceremony, the two people eat and sleep together like husband and wife until the older man gets married. Some of them will still maintain a relationship when one or both of them have married, and even love each other over the age of 30. Both parents also treat each other's son as a son-in-law, and will bear part of the expenses when the other son marries. Until the end of the late Qing Dynasty, the marriage form of "Qi brothers" gradually faded out of people's vision. Next, let's return to the topic. Why did poor scholars in ancient times have schoolboys? In fact, it's not difficult to think about this question. Most people will think that the book boy is like a nanny and a personal servant girl when they know his duties? How could anyone be stupid enough to work for a scholar for free? Oh, let's not say, it's true. Let me come with you next. Take the story of Liang Shanbo and scholar 49. Liang Shanbo lost his father when he was young, and his mother brought him up. In ancient times, it was very difficult for a woman to live alone in an era when men were the most important thing. Moreover, she also carried a "oil bottle". This shows that liangshanbo is a poor scholar. He has been accompanied by a loyal and foolish bookboy, 49. Then, the problem comes. Liang Shanbo has no money. How can he afford to hire a bookboy? In fact, this is not difficult to think about. First of all, the schoolboy lived a life of living in the open air. He followed the schoolboy to have a meal and a place to live. That's all. Money is not important; Second, 49 may also be sent by distant relatives of liangshanbo so that 49 can follow suit. Think about it carefully. In a life without enough food and clothing, if someone is willing to give you food and a place to live, you can learn knowledge. In today's words, it is really enjoyable. Let alone collect money, even if you are willing to paste it upside down. In addition, after the death of liangshanbo and Zhu Yingtai, the scholars of both sides guarded their tombs, which shows how loyal their scholars were to them. There are many other examples of this kind. Take Zhugeliang for example. When Zhugeliang was still living in seclusion in the mountains and acting as a "village man", two young schoolboys followed him. Here it is explained that the life of the village man was very poor. At that time, Zhugeliang's economic aspects must be hard to say. However, his two schoolboys must also be indifferent to fame and wealth, and they sincerely followed Zhugeliang. It is recorded that these two schoolboys adore Zhugeliang very much. Another book says that "my schoolboy later guarded my tomb for me. It is true that Zhugeliang was loyal and righteous". It is not difficult to see that although he lived in poverty, he attracted two schoolboys willing to be his schoolboy by virtue of his own personality charm. Therefore, this is one of the reasons why poor scholars have schoolboys. Speaking of this, some people will ask that not all scholars are like Zhugeliang. Why would anyone want to follow such poor scholars? It can be said that the status of scholars in ancient times was relatively high. For the ancients, reading might be the only way to change their lives. According to the statistics of relevant people: the poor scholars and sour scholars we often mention are now equivalent to the top students in social status, and the top scholars are equivalent to state-level cadres. This shows that learning is the only way out for the poor in ancient times. What if they can't afford to read? You can accompany scholars, study together, and take care of meals. That's why so many schoolchildren are willing to be schoolchildren with scholars even if they have no salary?
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