| Wang Qilong
looks at the future from the past through "Today in History", and can also change the future from the present.
Today is January 3, 2023. On this day in 2001, Intel released the Intel 1.3GHz Pentium 4 processor; Intel's Pentium 4 series performed disappointingly when it was initially released, and sales were once not as good as the previous generation Pentium III chip. III was knocked out of the top spot on the market. Looking back at January 3rd in computer history, what other key events occurred on this day?
January 3, 1929: Gordon Moore, founder of Intel, was born
Source: Wikipedia
Gordon Moore (Gordon Moore) was born on January 3, 1929. He is an American businessman, engineer, and co-founder and honorary chairman of Intel Corporation. He is also the founder of Moore's Law . As of March 2021, Moore reportedly had a net worth of $12.6 billion. Moore was born in San Francisco, where his father was a county sheriff; he transferred from San Jose State University to the University of California, Berkeley, where he earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1950. In 1955, Dr. Shockley, who made "the greatest invention of this century", left Bell Labs and returned to his hometown of Santa Clara to create "Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory". As a Shockley alumnus, Moore heard the news and worked in the branch of Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory. In September 1957, eight key engineers, including Moore, resigned from Shockley Semiconductor because they could not stand Shockley's paternalistic style. They were called the "Eight Traitors" in history.
In 1965, Moore served as director of research and development at Fairchild Semiconductor Company . At that time, Electronics Magazine asked him to predict what would happen in the semiconductor component industry in the next ten years. In a subsequent article published on April 19, 1965, Moore observed that the number of components (such as transistors , resistors, diodes , or capacitors ) in high-density integrated circuits would roughly double every year, and speculated that this would continue for at least the next 10 years. In 1975, he revised the prediction rate to about once every two years; Gordon Moore's predictions, known as "Moore's Law," have become a household name in the semiconductor industry and have had a broad impact on many areas of technological change.
In July 1968, Robert Noyce and Moore founded NM Electronics, the predecessor of Intel Corporation. In April 1979, Moore became Intel's chairman and chief executive officer and was named chairman emeritus in 1997. Under the leadership of Noyce, Moore, and later Andrew Grove, Intel pioneered new technologies in computer memory, integrated circuits, and microprocessor design and became the dominant chip industry today.
Source: Wikipedia
January 3, 1935: Turing Award Algorithm Theory Pioneer Richard Karp was born
Source: Wikipedia
January 3, 1935, Richard Karp M.Karp) was born; he is a computer scientist and computing theorist at the University of California, Berkeley. His most famous research is algorithm theory, for which he won the Turing Award in 1985 and the 2004 Turing Award. Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science in 2008 and the Kyoto Prize in 2008. In 1992, Karp was elected to the National Academy of Engineering for his significant contributions to the theory and applications of NP-completeness, the construction of efficient combinatorial algorithms, and the application of probabilistic methods in computer science.
Karp was born in a Jewish family, and his parents were both Harvard graduates; his father once had the ambition to go to medical school after graduating from Harvard, but became a mathematics teacher because he could not afford the tuition of medical school. Karp received a bachelor's degree in from Harvard University in 1955 and a Ph.D. in applied mathematics in 1959.After graduation, he began working at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center at IBM. In 1968, he became professor of computer science, mathematics, and operations research at the University of California, Berkeley.
In 1971, Karp co-developed the Edmonds-Karp algorithm with Jack Edmonds to solve one of the largest flow problems on the network, and published the landmark paper "Reducibility in Combinatorial Problems" in complexity theory in 1972; in 1973, he and John Hopcroft published the Hopcroft-Karp algorithm, which is the fastest known method for finding maximum cardinality matching in bipartite graphs.
In 1980, Karp, together with Richard J. Lipton, proved the Karp-Lipton theorem (showing that if SAT can be solved by a Boolean circuit with polynomial logic gates, then the polynomial hierarchy collapses to its second level). In 1987, he co-developed the Rabin-Karp string search algorithm with Michael O. Rabin. Karp made many important discoveries in the fields of computer science, combinatorial algorithms, and operations research during his lifetime, and his current main research interest is bioinformatics.
Source: Wikipedia
January 3, 1977: Apple Inc. was officially incorporated
Apple Inc. is an American technology company specializing in consumer electronics , computer software and online services. apple is today the largest information technology company by revenue, and as of january 2021 has been the world's most valuable company. As of 2021, Apple is the world's fourth-largest PC supplier and fourth-largest smartphone manufacturer by sales.
Source: Wikipedia
Apple was founded on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne, initially to develop and sell the Apple 1 personal computer. On this day in 1977, Jobs and Woz incorporated it, officially announcing the birth of Apple Computer, Inc., and its computer sales grew rapidly. Apple went public in 1980 and was an immediate financial success.
Over the next few years, Apple introduced successive new computers with innovative graphical user interfaces, such as the original Macintosh. But announced in "1984," the acclaimed commercial directed by Ridley Scott, the product's high cost and limited app library caused problems, as did a power struggle among Apple executives; in 1985, Wozniak quietly left Apple, while Jobs resigned to found NeXT, taking some Apple employees with him.
Source: Wikipedia
As the personal computer market continued to expand and develop in the 1990s, Apple lost considerable market share to , being replaced by Microsoft and Intel's low-price monopoly. Apple's board of directors hired CEO Gil Amelio, who spent his 500-day tenure setting the troubled company up for eventual success with sweeping changes, product focus and layoffs.
In 1997, Amelio acquired NeXT to address Apple's unsuccessful operating system strategy and lure Jobs back to the company to take his place. After Jobs returned, Apple became profitable again through a series of strategies; first, through a revitalization campaign called "Think Different," which launched the iMac and iPod. In 2001, it opened a chain of retail stores, Apple Stores, and acquired numerous companies to expand its software portfolio. In 2007, Apple launched iPhone to critical acclaim and financial success. In 2011, Jobs resigned due to health reasons and died two months later. Tim Cook succeeded him as CEO.
[Contributions welcome] Using history as a mirror, we can know the ups and downs. Since the development of computer science, there have been many crucial events and figures. All friends are welcome to join in building "Today in History". Submission email: [email protected].
