Who should get the “fourth shot” of the vaccine? How to fight? ——Experts from the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council answer hot topics on epidemic prevention
Recently, the comprehensive team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council issued a plan to deploy the second dose of enhanced immunization. Who should get the “fourth shot” of vaccine? What is the vaccine for the "fourth shot"? Focusing on hot social concerns, relevant experts from the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council provided answers.
Question: Who should get the second booster dose?
Answer: At this stage, high-risk groups such as the elderly continue to face the risk of infection, and vaccination is an important measure and means for epidemic prevention and control.
In order to better protect the health and life safety of the people, according to the approval of vaccine development and emergency use, people at high risk of infection, people over 60 years old, people with serious underlying diseases and people with low immunity can receive a second dose of booster vaccination 6 months after completing the first dose of booster immunization.
Question 2: What is the use of booster vaccination now?
Answer: The protective effect of new coronavirus vaccine after vaccination mainly includes: the production of antibodies, the production of cellular immunity , the production of immune memory, etc.
After vaccination, antibody levels will decrease over time. In addition, as the virus mutates, immune evasion is also increasing, weakening the role of antibodies. However, cellular immunity plays a relatively long-lasting role in preventing severe illness and death.
Research shows that vaccination with booster shots can evoke the body's immune memory cells and increase antibody levels, further consolidating the preventive effect on severe illness and death. As long as they meet the vaccination conditions, those who have not completed the booster immunization should complete the booster immunization as soon as possible in accordance with the immunization program to achieve a better protective effect.
Question 3: What vaccines can be given as the second booster dose?
Answer: Currently, all 13 vaccines approved for conditional marketing or emergency use can be used for the second dose of booster immunity. Priority is given to recommending sequential boosting of immunity to , or the use of vaccines containing and of the Omicron strain or with good cross-immunity against the Omicron strain.
Sequential booster immunization refers to the use of vaccines with different technical routes for heterologous booster immunization. If you have received three doses of the inactivated vaccine in the early stage, you can choose any one of the recombinant protein vaccine, adenovirus vector vaccine or influenza virus vector vaccine for the second dose of booster immunity. This is also the vaccination combination recommended by the country.
Four questions: How safe is vaccination?
Answer: The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has monitored adverse reactions in more than 3.4 billion doses and more than 1.3 billion people in my country and found that the incidence of adverse reactions of my country's new coronavirus vaccine is comparable to some other vaccines vaccinated all year round, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the elderly is slightly lower than that of young people.
For the elderly, the "Work Plan for Strengthening New Coronavirus Vaccination for the Elderly" clarifies four vaccination taboos. Diabetes , high blood pressure and other chronic diseases can be vaccinated against the new coronavirus if they are in a stable stage.
Five questions: Can I still get the second dose of booster vaccination if I am positive?
Answer: According to the current technical guidelines for COVID-19 vaccination, if you are diagnosed with COVID-19, the interval between the time of infection and the time of vaccination against COVID-19 should be more than 6 months.
At present, the immune protection produced by simple infection is not as strong as the mixed immunity produced by infection and vaccination. A second booster dose is recommended if the vaccination interval is met.
Source: Xinhua News Agency
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