On the evening of December 4, 2022, in full view of the public, the Shenzhou 14 return capsule took advantage of the dark night to accurately target the remote Dongfeng landing site in Inner Mongolia. It took only about 9 hours from evacuating the China Space Station to successfully landing the ground. All operations were like flowing water, and the return time was shortened by a lot.
When Shenzhou No. 14 return capsule landed on the ground, everyone held their breath. Are Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe safe? Soon, they were carefully lifted out by the rescuers one by one, smiling and energetic. Everyone was relieved when they saw them, and the astronaut returned safely.
While paying attention to the safety of Shenzhou 14 astronauts, everyone also noticed a special situation. The rescuers who arrived first did not open the return capsule door as soon as possible, but first cut the parachute rope. Many netizens watching the live broadcast said: The Shenzhou 14 return capsule landed and there was a "glittle fault" - the umbrella cut failed by itself, In fact, the astronauts may not have performed the umbrella cutting operation at all.
return capsule landing parachute was not cut, and rescue personnel were coming to help cut the umbrella. During the return process of Shenzhou 14, the parachute played an important role. Without it, the return capsule could not come back.
Shenzhou 14 spacecraft adopts a fast return method, which is faster than the return speed of Shenzhou 12 and Shenzhou 13. It is separated from the space station, flies around for 5 circles, separates from the orbital compartment, reduces the altitude, drops from 400 kilometers to 100 kilometers, separates from the propulsion compartment, and the return compartment flies into the earth's atmosphere alone.
Return capsule is falling faster and faster, the friction between the return capsule and the gas molecules is getting more and more intense, and the resistance is getting bigger and bigger, generating a high temperature of nearly 2,000 degrees Celsius. The outer surface of the return capsule is burned red. Don’t worry, the spacecraft return capsule has excellent anti-high temperature technology, the temperature in the cabin is very suitable, and the astronauts are very safe.
At this time, the return capsule is surrounded by plasma, blocking countless radio waves. The return capsule cannot communicate with the outside world. This is the well-known "black barrier area". The "black barrier area" takes about 4 minutes to 6 minutes. When it is about 10 kilometers high from the ground, the speed stabilizes at 200 meters per second, and the return capsule starts to throw an umbrella.
return capsule has four parachutes, guide umbrella, speed reduction parachute, main parachute and backup parachute. It is also very particular to open the parachute. Open the umbrella, speed reduction parachute and main parachute in turn.
The most eye-catching thing is the guidance umbrella. Not to mention the middle, it is still "hollowed". It is called "conical belt umbrella". guide umbrella is just a precursor to the opening of the parachute, and its function brings out the speed reduction umbrella.
slow-speed parachute exists for only a dozen seconds, but it has a huge effect. It reduces the landing speed of the return capsule and reduces the speed from 200 meters per second to 90 meters per second. After the slow-speed parachute is cut off, it is time for the main parachute to come on stage.
main parachute, also known as " ring parachute", is the largest of the four parachutes, with an area of
In case of precaution, the return capsule also prepared an backup umbrella. If the main parachute of cannot be opened, then when the altitude of 5 kilometers, the backup parachute will automatically open, which adds two layers of security to the cabin crew.
In order to slow down again, the return capsule triggered 4 thrust engines when it was about 1 meter from the ground, and the speed was reduced to 3 meters per second, landing at a "trot" speed. The moment of landing was also the moment of returning capsule cutting the umbrella, but Shenzhou 14's return capsule cutting failed, so the search and rescue personnel had to do it for them.
So is the step of returning to the capsule cutting umbrella important? In fact, it is not important at all, and it is not a step that must be completed. In fact, it can be uncut in the case of "calm and calm". The umbrella cutting mission was manually completed by Shenzhou 14 astronaut Liu Yang. The umbrella cutting button was near Liu Yang's hand, but the umbrella was obviously not cut off.
In fact, astronauts cut the parachute operation is a technical job. The parachute is cut when the return capsule just hits the ground. At this time, the parachute is pulling back to the inner cabin. The parachute is under pressure. The parachute is broken when the knife is cut. Cutting the parachute too early will affect the landing speed of the return capsule. If the parachute is relaxed, it will be cut continuously.
The reason why the return capsule is cut is mainly because of the fear that the parachute will move and roll on the ground with the return capsule. Especially in the case of strong wind, the parachute may drag the return capsule to move on the ground, which will affect the astronauts in the cabin and cause trouble for search and rescue work.
But on the evening of December 4, the Dongfeng landing ground was considered "sunny and sunny", and there was no strong wind. The video showed that two rescuers pulled the parachute rope, and the other cut it out, which proved that there was no wind or the wind was very small at the scene, so it became less important for astronauts to cut the parachute.
Maybe the astronaut learned that there was no strong wind on the east wind landing, so he did not perform umbrella cutting operations at all. After all, umbrella cutting operations are a technical job, and it has no impact anyway, so let's leave it to the search and rescue personnel. For more interesting scientific exploration content, please follow the only WeChat public account: Interesting exploration
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