United Nations/China Space Exploration and Innovation Global Partnership Seminar closed on the 24th. During the seminar, the achievements and future plans of my country's deep space exploration have once again become hot topics. What other highlights will be in the future lunar exploration project? Will Mars exploration take samples? What other key tasks are there in deep space exploration? Regarding the topics related to this seminar, Wu Weiren, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and chief designer of the Chinese lunar exploration project, accepted an interview with reporters.
Go to the moon to find water, build scientific research stations, and repair the Internet...
Reporter: my country's lunar exploration project has successfully completed the three-step goal of "orbiting, falling, and returning". What "big moves" will be taken in lunar exploration in the future?
Wu Weiren: In the next 10 to 15 years, our country will be ready to do three things on the moon. The first thing is the fourth phase of the lunar exploration project we are preparing to implement now. The plan includes the Chang'e 6 , Chang'e 7 and Chang'e 8 missions. Chang'e-6 is preparing to take samples and return on the back of the moon. If it succeeds, it will be another feat for humans.
At the end of 2020, Chang'e-5 sampled and returned, and 1731 grams of lunar soil were retrieved from the front of the moon. We hope that Chang'e-6 will collect more samples from the back of the moon and strive to achieve the goal of 2,000 grams.
Chang'e-7 is preparing to land at the South Pole of the Moon. The main mission is to carry out leap exploration, and then strive to find water. There are some deep shadow pits in the South Pole of the Moon. We think it is likely to be water, but it does not see the sun all year round. If the sun is seen, the water will evaporate. Because there is no sunshine all year round, the water there may exist in the form of ice. We hope that after Chang'e-7 landing, we can leap into these or two shadow pits to conduct on-site inspections to see if water can be found.
Chang'e-8 is preparing to be launched around 2028. Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 will form the basic type of the lunar Antarctic scientific research station, including lunar orbiter, lander, lunar rover , leverage and several scientific exploration instruments. On the one hand, it is to find water, and on the other hand, it is to detect what state the moon's Antarctic is, its topography and landform, and its environment. This is an important task of the basic type of our moon's Antarctic scientific research station.
The second thing you need to do on the moon is to carry out international cooperation with other countries and build the international lunar scientific research station by 2035. We want to mobilize everyone to join forces with us for joint design, joint survey, data sharing, and joint management.
The third thing we want to do is to use the moon as the main base to establish a lunar Internet that integrates data relay, navigation and remote sensing. After these are integrated, some resources and probes on the moon can be effectively managed. If you extend further, Mars can also be like this.
heavy launch vehicle helps my country's planetary exploration project
Reporter: The Mars images sent back by Tianwen-1 have attracted much attention from the society. What are the plans for my country's planetary exploration project in the future?
Wu Weiren: my country's planetary exploration project is now mainly based on Mars exploration, and it is planned to sample and return the soil on Mars in the next 10 to 15 years.
In addition, interplanetary exploration such as Jupiter system and Uranus are also prepared. In the future, solar exploration and the edge of the solar system will also be carried out. We hope to launch China's detectors, go to the edge of the solar system, and see what the intersection of the solar wind solar wind and cosmic wind look like in the edge of the solar system.
To achieve Mars sampling, to send people to the moon and Mars, we must rely on the launch vehicle . We plan to develop a launch vehicle with greater thrust. Long March 5 is currently the largest thrust carrier rocket in my country. The thrust of the heavy carrier rocket in research can reach 4,000 tons, about 4 times that of the Long March 5 thrust, which has been included in my country's deep space exploration schedule. The
launch vehicle has a heavy component in the entire deep space exploration mission and has a great effect. It can be said that the greater the carrying capacity of my country's rockets, the greater the aerospace stage.
In the future, we must not only sample asteroids, but also defend asteroids
Reporter: In addition to lunar exploration and fire exploration, what other key projects do my country have in the field of deep space exploration?
Wu Weiren: Asteroid exploration is also an important project. my country plans to carry out asteroid sampling in the next 10 to 15 years. This process is interesting because the asteroid is too small and the probe cannot land like it does on the moon. It has to slowly get up, then sample it on it, and take the asteroid sample back to Earth, so that we know what the asteroid is composed of.
In addition, our country is also preparing to carry out asteroid defense missions. What if an asteroid hits the earth? my country is formulating development plans in this area to detect and warn asteroids. If there is a problem with its orbit, it will be dealt with in orbit and finally rescue will be carried out. We summarized it as "detection, early warning, disposal, and rescue" eight-character policy , which is the overall plan of our country. How to deal with
? If we are now preparing to carry out a defense mission for an asteroid and it flew over from Mars unexpectedly, we predict that it will pose a serious threat to the earth. We must first launch a probe to detect it, and then determine its orbit, and then launch an impactor according to the detection situation to change its orbit.
Build and build a community with a shared future for mankind in the outer space field
Reporter: What are your prospects for international cooperation in the field of deep space exploration in my country?
Wu Weiren: At this UN/China Global Partnership for Space Exploration and Innovation, we will introduce China's future aerospace policies and plans to the world, so that the whole world knows what we are doing, so that everyone can cooperate together. At the same time, we also want to listen to the voices of other countries around the world, understand what they are preparing to do in the field of space exploration in the future, discuss and study how to develop in the future, and strengthen cooperation together.
Previously, our Chang'e-3 , Chang'e-4 and Chang'e-5 have carried out international cooperation. The current international cooperation is mainly focused on the installation of scientific instruments, or jointly carrying out some scientific research, and everyone studies, publishes, and writes articles to the outside world to explain our scientific discoveries.
In the future, we hope to carry out international cooperation at a higher level, in larger fields and in larger scale. Because deep space exploration, planetary exploration, and moon exploration are all things for all mankind. I hope that in the future, more countries will participate in the International Lunar Research Station to jointly build a community of shared future for mankind in earth-moon space or interplanetary space.
(Original title: my country will do three things on the moon in the future)
Source: Beijing Evening News According to Xinhua News Agency
Process Editor: U016
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