The last wave of osmanthus in Shanghai this year is in full bloom.
Liberation Daily·Shangguan News reporter learned from major parks in Shanghai today (October 19) that at present, the 34 osmanthus varieties, including Jingui, Yingui , Dangui , and Four Seasons Gui , are "competing on the same stage".
If the weather is clear and there is no rain, the sweet cinnamon fragrance that fills the air is expected to remain until late this month. Citizens who like osmanthus can hurry up and enjoy the osmanthus.
Osmanthus, also known as osmanthus, is native to the three provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan in southwest China. However, due to its unique sweet aroma, it is widely planted in the Huaihe basin and the south of my country. In addition, there are also many cultivations in southern Japan, as well as in India, Nepal, Cambodia , Thailand and other countries.
Guilin Park Thousands of osmanthus flowers bloom in full bloom Meng Yuhan photographed
According to historical research, the cultivation history of osmanthus flowers in China has been 2,500 years.
After long-term artificial cultivation and breeding, osmanthus now mainly includes four varieties: golden osmanthus, silver osmanthus, Dan osmanthus and four-season osmanthus. There are several varieties in each variety, with different colors and fragrances.
Golden osmanthus blooms in autumn, with yellow colors of different shades and strong fragrance. Silver osmanthus blooms in autumn, with yellowish white or light yellow colors and a strong fragrance. Dangus blooms in autumn, with orange-yellow or orange-red flowers, and its fragrance is lighter. The osmanthus blooms several times a year, with yellow or light yellow flowers and light fragrance.
Among them, early silver osmanthus is the most common silver osmanthus variety cultivated in the Yangtze River basin. It has early flowering period, the buds are light yellow and white, and when the flowers bloom, they are yellow and white to milky yellow, with strong fragrance, and high ornamental value. It is called the "weather vane" of the Shanghai osmanthus season.
Early Silver Orange
From left to right are: Dangui, Yanhong Gui, Zhuangyuanhong Gui, Zhuangyuanhong
Jingui (left picture) and Boye Jingui
However, on September 26 this year, the early silver Orange of Shanghai Botanical Garden was first released, which is the latest since the phenological record of the garden.
"The year before last and last year and this year were two extremes. The year before last and the year before last, and it was too late last year and this year, which is rare." Wang Yuqin, senior engineer of Shanghai Botanical Garden, said that the flowering time of the early silver osmanthus is mostly in early September, and some are also early to late August, but early to mid-July or late September, are all historical breakthroughs.
Regarding such an abnormal first time, Wang Yuqin said that the specific reason remains to be studied, and it is speculated that it may be related to the changing climate in recent years.
After years of observation and data analysis, early silver osmanthus flowering must meet the conditions of "suppression first and then rise", that is, first there must be "autumn". The temperature drops below 21℃, and the buds of early silver osmanthus can be transformed into buds; after that, the expansion of the buds requires warmth. Professionally, the accumulated temperature of in four or five days must reach above 150℃.
The weather last year and this summer was hot, so the osmanthus could not hear the "starting gun" of autumn coolness. It was not until the cooling in mid-to-late September that it gradually approached the "starting" temperature of osmanthus, causing osmanthus to come late.
"If the weather becomes hotter and hotter and there is no significant cooling until mid-to-late September, then the initial time of osmanthus flowers is getting late and late is likely to become a trend for many years in the future." Wang Yuqin said.
Early silver osmanthus in Shanghai Botanical Garden
Speaking of osmanthus, we have to mention laurel . Although they all have the word "玉", osmanthus is a plant in the osmanthus family, and laurel is a plant in the laurel family .
This plant laurel is not native to China, it is home to the Mediterranean region. As early as the Ancient Greek period, its branches were woven into a crown and worn on the head of the sports champion, which was called the "laughter". But later, the ingredient used in the laurel gradually became an olive branch symbolizing peace.
The flowering period of osmanthus is generally in autumn (September-November), and the flowering period of laurel is generally in spring (March-May). Although laurel blossoms do not have the strong aroma of osmanthus, which is a sweet taste mixed with aroma substances such as cis basilene and ionolone, bay leaf has the aroma that osmanthus leaves do not have, also known as bay leaves, and is used as a spice.
In addition, experts recommend that citizens carefully collect the park green space and osmanthus flowers on both sides of the road.
Osmanthus growing on the roadside often comes into contact with vehicle exhaust gas. During the growth process, it may enrich heavy metals such as lead and zinc in the soil, and may also contain high content of carcinogen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons .
Some park green spaces regularly spray herbicides, insecticides, etc. in order to control the pests of ornamental plants or remove the surrounding wild grasses. It is difficult for ordinary citizens and tourists to tell whether the osmanthus they pick has been exposed to these harmful substances.
Question Picture Source: Shangguan Question Picture Photo Editor: Zhu Qing
Unsigned pictures in the text: Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden provide
Source: Author: Chen Xihan
Source: Author: Chen Xihan
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