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It traveled with us for a long time.
Source: López et al. 2015.
The presumptive wave of immigration flows out of Africa and returns to the African continent, as well as the location of major ancient human remains and archaeological sites.
When Homo sapiens leaves Africa
A new study shows that gut bacteria have been evolving or “diversifying” with us over the past hundreds of thousands of years.
In addition to letting us know more about ourselves, it is also hoped that this new study will also provide us with more information on how to treat microbiota-based diseases or create new therapies.
This study, published in Science, examines the differences and similarities between the closest bacteria in humans in 1225 living around the world. The team discovered 59 bacteria and one Paleontology that evolved in parallel with humans. (Paleontology is the field of single-celled organisms, initially considered bacteria, but it is now known to be more similar to eukaryotes— multicellular organisms like us.) Andrew Moeller, an evolutionary biologist at Cornell University, said in an accompanying paper that the human gut microbiota contains hundreds of bacteria, many of which are the most prominent species present in humans around the world. "The gut bacterial community is not a bacteria collected by chance, but a reflection of different ancestors of humans."
However, in microbial species, some strains can exhibit significant genetic diversity among specific human populations . Whether this diversity is generated through the co-evolution of history between humans and their microorganisms is not fully understood.
Max Planck Institute of Biology Microbiologist Taiichi Suzuki and his team evaluated 1,225 people living in Gabon , Vietnam and Germany, and found 60 microbial strains that have an evolutionary history between and within countries, indicating common diversity.
The team also found that species that exhibited the strongest copolymerization diversification also appeared to independently evolve features such as oxygen and temperature intolerance and genome reduction, meaning they are really with us—also known as host dependence.
The team wrote in a new paper: “The list of human health conditions related to the microbiota ranges from malnutrition to allergies and cardiovascular diseases.”
“Recognizing that differences in gut microbial strains among populations have led to the idea that probiotics used to treat malnutrition should be sourced locally.
“The microbiota is a therapeutic goal of personalized medicine, and the results of the study emphasize the importance of microbiome therapy targeting specific populations.” "
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Extended reading:
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