What is the World Science Center? When a country’s scientific achievements account for more than 25% of the world’s total in the same period, that country can be regarded as the world’s science center. From the birth of science in the 16th century to today, there have been 5 science centers in the world, and there have been 4 science center transfers:
NO.1, Italy
16th century, representative cities: Rome, , Florence .
Italy is the birthplace of Renaissance. It is the first country in Europe to emancipate the mind and explore the world with scientific thinking. A group of scientific leaders, represented by Galileo, broke through the religious shackles and changed. Man’s view of the world.
After Galileo's death, the status of the Italian science center no longer exists.
Galileo Galilei (The Demon of the Sun)
NO.2, United Kingdom
17th century, representative cities: Oxford and London.
The Royal Society, funded by the king and the government, has become an organization leading the latest trend in world science and has trained a large number of scientific masters. The representative person is Newton .
The prosperity of science directly led to the first industrial revolution of , , which allowed Britain to eat its dividends and lead the world in economy and military affairs.
After Newton's death, Britain's scientific strength began to decline rapidly, and the science and technology center returned to the European continent.
Isaac Newton (Old Sir Niu)
NO.3, France
18th century,Representative city: Paris.
France started the enlightenment , which is a deep ideological liberation that goes deep into society, religion, art, literature, and science. A large number of new disciplines and new theories have appeared, and the scientific system has grown explosively. Scientific and rational thinking has become a popular philosophical trend, and science has truly begun to spread to the world.
Voltaire (Conscience of Europe)
NO.4: Germany
19th century, representative cities: Göttingen .
After Germany has carried out a thorough education system reform, it has attracted the best European scientists to gather in Germany and become a paradise for academic research. With the birth of quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity, a large number of world-class scientists have also appeared in Germany, helping Germany become a world-class country. However, overconfident Germany was defeated one after another in the two world wars, and a large number of brain drains led to the transfer of the world science center again.
Albert Einstein (first man of the century)
NO.5, the United States
At the beginning of the 20th century, the United States, which had become the world’s first economically, knew it was backward in culture and technology. Began to actively attract outstanding scientists from all over the world to immigrate to the United States. After World War II, the United States occupied Germany and recruited a large number of German scientists to immigrate to the United States. After decades of hard work, the level of science and technology in the United States has advanced by leaps and bounds, leading the trend of science and technology for more than half a century. In the 20th century, a large number of practical scientific and technological inventions that mankind entered the post-industrial era originated from the United States. 70% of Nobel Prizes come from the United States. And this kind of leading the world is far greater than that of the first four world science and technology centers. The huge population and developed economic strength of the United States also made it difficult for the traditional European powers to catch up.
Thomas Alva Edison (the king of the invention)
to this day,21 years have passed since the 21st century. Is the United States still the world science center?
The answer is yes, the United States contributes more than 25% of all indicators in the scientific field. But the situation seems to be changing.
In the past 10 years, China's scientific research achievement indicators have surpassed Japan, catching up with the United States at a high speed. Take high-quality papers from top journals as an example. At present, both China and the United States account for about 30%, which is significantly ahead of other countries. More importantly, China continues to grow rapidly.
Therefore, in the foreseeable future, there may be two world science and technology centers coexisting in China and the United States. China + the United States are far ahead of the world, and the gap with the established European powers is widening.
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