What is so special about the north and south poles that make most people on the planet stay away from these two places? Our impressions of the two poles are basically in the film and television, the weather is cold, covered by glaciers and snow. However, tourists are allowed to visit the Arctic, but ordinary people in the Antarctic are not allowed to enter.
So what is the difference between the North and South Pole? Under the huge ice layer of Antarctica, what unsolved mysteries have been discovered by scientists, and why are they still unsolved? Today we will come to in-depth science!
Let me talk about the difference between the North and South Poles. Although the South Pole and the North Pole are the same "snow world", the temperature difference is very large. The average temperature of the South Pole is minus 50°, and the average temperature of the North Pole It only reaches minus 18° , and there are two reasons for the difference in temperature between the north and south poles.
One is due to the different altitudes of the two poles. The South Pole is surrounded by the ocean, and the average altitude is more than 2000 meters span17span , below the altitude difference, the temperature must be quite different.
The cause of the large temperature difference between the north and south poles is ocean currents. The north pole connects the Atlantic and the Pacific, so the warm current passing through the equator can enter the Arctic Ocean, so the sea temperature is relatively not too low.
The Antarctic is different. Except for the Antarctic continent, it is surrounded by oceans. It can only revolve around the current of Antarctica. The warm currents coming in from other places are blocked. Even if they can come in, soon Will be radiated away, so the Antarctic will be relatively colder. You may not believe it, , the lowest temperature in history on the Antarctic continent is as high as minus 90°.
is also very interesting for the ownership of the north and south poles. Due to the bad weather in Antarctica and there is no country in the territory, it is not under anyone’s jurisdiction. No one lives here in Antarctica. Although has a research team here Year-round inspections, but there is a rotation, but the Arctic is different. There are people living here all year round, and there are many cities, such as Tromso in Norway.
In addition, there are still a lot of unexploited resources in the Arctic. At present, the Arctic land area is divided into eight countries, the United States, Canada, Sweden, Norway, Russia, etc. Today, the mining of coal and petroleum deposits in the Arctic has been carried out. It has been mined for hundreds of years, but Antarctica is very different.
In 1961, 12 countries signed the Antarctic Treaty. The regulations clearly stated that Antarctica is a common property of mankind. In order to protect the ecological environment of Antarctica, the international community reached an agreement to not exploit Antarctic resources for the time being, and No one is allowed to enter the Antarctic without permission. If you really want to see the world of ice and snow, you can travel to the Arctic.
The Antarctic continent was discovered by humans in 1820. During the 201 years, very few people have been to the Antarctic continent, so people are very curious about the wonders of Antarctica and why it is called the most mysterious area on earth For one, Antarctica has an area of approximately 14 million square kilometers, much larger than many countries.
The Antarctic exceeds 95% is covered by ice and snow, while most of the Arctic is covered by ocean, and land accounts for less than half of the total area. By the way, 90 in the world % ’s ice is in Antarctica,And it’s all freshwater ice. Correspondingly, Antarctica’s fresh water accounts for 70% of the world’s total . This is enough to show that Antarctica’s resources may exceed our imagination.
The temperature of the Arctic is relatively friendly, so there are many plants growing here. Under the influence of the plant environment, it feeds many herbivores. Of course, there are those who eat grass and there will definitely be meat-eating animals. The Arctic The most representative carnivore is polar bear. The adult polar bear can reach up to 3 meters in length and weigh more than 500 kilograms. Polar bears are also animals at the top of the food chain in the Arctic.
In addition to polar bears, there are also arctic wolf and arctic fox. In addition to land animals, there are also many types of animals in the sea. Because the large area is the ocean, in addition to smaller animals such as seals, there are also With such a large animal as a whale, it can be said that a visit to the Arctic is definitely a feast for the eyes.
In contrast, the Antarctic region is a bit flat. Under the influence of extremely cold weather, Antarctica basically has no flora and fauna, but Antarctica has a very distinctive bird Kind of animals, that is, penguins with a cute body. Except for land, animals in the sea and the Arctic are basically the same.
Although the north and south poles are very different, they have two things in common. Both poles also have , polar day and polar night . This phenomenon is caused by the tilt of the earth’s rotation. The difference in dimensionality leads to polar day, The duration of the polar night is different. When the dimension reaches the South Pole and the North Pole, the North Pole is in daylight in the first half of the year, and the South Pole is dark in the first half of the year. Only one day and night.
Next, I will talk about the second point in common, , Northern Lights, , and Southern Lights. Have you heard of it? If an auroral phenomenon occurs, the south pole and the north pole occur at the same time. The aurora is caused by the ions in the solar wind, which is attracted to the two poles by the gravitational force of the geomagnetism, and it attracts the past at the same time, if you can If you see it from the perspective of space, you can see the light of the north and south poles at the same time.
Among the two poles, the Antarctic continent is hailed as one of the most mysterious regions by the outside world. In the 201 years since the discovery of Antarctica, what surprises have we humans have discovered? Although most of us may not have the opportunity to visit Antarctica in our entire life, Antarctic research has some special relations with our lives. It is for this reason that all countries in the world are enthusiastic about Antarctic research. I found that it is affecting our lives in the dark.
In recent years, there have been frequent extremely hot weather in various places, which reflects that global warming may become a reality. We do not know how serious it is, but under the influence of extreme cold weather like Antarctica, can still appear The 2-km long ice pit naturally caused scientists to discuss this phenomenon. They all agreed that this ice pit was formed under the influence of global warming.
can’t help but sigh, even in the snow world like Antarctica, there will be such huge pits, which also means that global warming is gradually intensifying. If people still destroy the natural environment, they will be severely backlashed. .
Not only that, the British photography team found an abnormal phenomenon in Antarctica,Under their shooting, we saw an unimaginable scene. Under the ice of Antarctica, there is an "unknown creature" swimming, but it is obviously not a creature, but more like a soft icicle.
The most incredible thing is this kind of icicles, just like the pictures we see in movies, while it is swimming, all the positions it passes by are frozen, spreading to other places on the seabed, very Obviously, the creatures under the ice layer could not move after being frozen, eventually leading to death . At present, scientists cannot explain this phenomenon, and can only interpret it through speculation.
From the screen, we can at least know that icicles are so powerful, they are called "death ice dwellings". According to scientists, the formation of dead ice dwellings is related to the extremely low temperature in Antarctica. A professor in the United States discovered in repeated studies that this icicle forms a special area during the movement, and air may form in the area, but the most troublesome thing is that it is completely unaffected by human activities. I don't know where it will go next.
In addition to the discovery of dead icicles, in 1991, Russia also drilled the Vostok Lake in Antarctica. This lake is one of the largest lakes in the Antarctic continent with a total area of 15,000 square kilometers , the deepest lake water reaches 800 meters , when people first discovered this lake, the thickness of the uppermost layer of ice exceeds 4000 meters , according to the data, there are already Tens of millions of years of history,This frozen lake has never been shown to the outside world before.
With the efforts of Russian scientists, it took nearly 20 years before the mysterious veil of Lake Vostok was lifted. Then the scientists studied the collected samples and discovered that there are many single-celled life forms. After detailed classification of DNA, unexpectedly discovered that there are more than 3,500 species of living things .
Subsequently, the United States also chose to carry out drilling work in Whelans Lake. The work here will be much better than the previous work in Russia, because the ice layer here is relatively thin, Whelans The ice thickness of the lake is only 800 meters of Lake Vostok by five times. In 2013, American researchers started drilling and broke open in just two weeks. Collect samples from the lake ice.
Scientists have discovered more mysterious ancient cells in Lake Whelans, and their storage time has reached millions of years. It is hard to imagine that these creatures have developed into millions in extreme environments Years can be said to be a great miracle in history, subverting the cognition of countless people, and once again letting scientists realize the limit of life.
This also reminds us of the Mariana Sea, which is recognized as the deepest part of the world. The trench reaches more than 10,000 meters. We all know that the sea occupies 70% of the total area of the earth. , and the depth of the sea It has always been an area that people cannot explore, but human funds cannot reach the deepest part of the trench by submarine because the atmospheric pressure at the bottom of the trench reaches 1100 ,This is obviously unbearable for humans.
However, human beings are very longing for the mystery of the ocean. We all know that when the sea is below 200 meters, the light can no longer come in, and only a dark scene will appear. Then how do creatures below 200 meters survive? Woolen cloth? With the years of human exploration, scientists have discovered that after reaching a depth of 1,000 meters, some of the creatures here already have their own light sources.
At different depths, there will be different types of marine life. At 5000 meters in the sea, there is a species called deep sea arowana , which is similar to what we usually see Freshwater fish is completely different. Its teeth look very ferocious row by row. It has no scales on its whole body, and it relies on the light source on its body to attract other fishes around it.
also found in the waters below 8000 meters . From the name, it must be a fierce fish, but in fact it has a thick and cute appearance. Without scales, it is a bit similar to our common baby fish , but everyone knows Mariana Trench 10000 meters What kind of creatures are there below?
you may not believe it,There is a creature called amoeba . According to the analysis of scientists, this creature has lived on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. It is estimated that most people have never heard of this. Name it, this makes us sigh, whether it is the North and South poles, or the ocean, there are problems that we humans still can't solve until now.
These creatures living in a special environment can be said to be a miracle. Once again we have refreshed our understanding of the limits of life. What's more, they may exist in any environment that we can't imagine. Nature The mystery of is by no means limited to this, and although there have been some magical discoveries in the two places mentioned in the article, they are far from reaching us to uncover their mystery.
Although some people once said that with the slow development of technology, people will solve all the puzzles, but is this really the case? For example, in the deepest part of the Mariana Trench, does exist at the entrance to the inner core of the earth? Can human beings break through the limit to reach this depth?
Therefore, under the premise that all problems are uncertain, we can do very limited. As long as we protect the environment, we can avoid backlash brought by nature. The global warming is a living example. .
Today’s video is shared here. What unsolved mysteries do you want to know? Like my content, please leave your valuable attention, likes and comments! See you in the next episode!
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