On the morning of November 3, the Information Office of the People's Government of Shandong Province held a press conference to release the preparations for the World Seaport City Cooperation and Development Conference. The conference released the latest definition of "hirehole city" in the "World Seaport Urban Development Research Report" (2022) by the Institute of Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The lower reaches of the river, especially the estuary or delta of the river, will often develop large-scale urban civilization, becoming an economic center, cultural center, trade hub and resource-rich land for a country, ethnic group, and region. This is mainly due to the unique geographical environment and resource endowment of the river estuary. According to the "Research Report on the Development of World Sea Estuary Urban" (2022) by the Institute of Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, "Estuary cities refer to cities developed on the coastal zone at the intersection of rivers and oceans. They are special types of cities with characteristics such as rivers and ocean intersections, land and ocean coordination and integration, and closely link rivers, land and ocean diversified ecosystems in the sea Estuary area with human social and economic activities." "Estuary cities are both related to port cities, coastal cities, and coastal zones, and cities. It is a new concept in the research on urbanization, urban development and sustainable development."
From a global perspective, there are roughly the following three types of cities in the world:
The first type is a civilization center with a long history. Humans live by water. The plains formed by the alluvial flow downstream of the river, combined with convenient water conservancy and suitable climate, provide innate favorable conditions for people to live, agricultural production, and industrial development, and develop into large-scale urban groups over the long history. One of the typical representatives is the Nile Delta in Egypt. The population of the Nile Delta region accounts for 62.5% of the total population of Egypt. The capital Cairo is located at the entrance of the Nile Delta. Large cities such as Alexander, Damietta, and Ismailia are all distributed here, forming the most important urban agglomeration in Egypt. The same type of cities include Tokyo (Edogawa Delta), Seoul (Han River Delta), Hanoi ( Red River Delta ), Ho Chi Minh City ( Mekong Delta ), Yangon ( Irrawaddy Delta ) in Myanmar, etc. These cities have long been regional political, economic and cultural centers.
The second type is open ports and trade centers. The city at the mouth of the sea is located at the intersection of rivers and seas, with both rivers and seas. Facing the sea, it can reach all countries and has the advantage of openness; rivers connect inland and can obtain a vast economic hinterland. It is precisely because of the unique conditions that since modern times, with the continuous deepening of industrial economic development and economic globalization, a number of "sea estuary cities" with open ports, transportation hubs and trade centers have emerged in countries around the world. Shanghai (the estuary of the Yangtze River) in our country is a typical representative of this type of city. Yangtze River Delta is distributed in Shanghai, Nanjing, Suzhou and other important economic towns; the estuary of the Yangtze River faces my country's East China Sea , and large cargo ships can conveniently dock; Yangtze River provides Shanghai with extremely convenient shipping conditions, allowing Shanghai to connect to a wide range of inland areas through shipping and obtain a vast hinterland, which makes Shanghai an international metropolis. The same type of cities include Guangzhou (the estuary of the Pearl River), Busan in South Korea (the estuary of the Luodong River), New Orleans in the United States (the estuary of the Mississippi ), Netherlands in the Netherlands in in in in in hinds in hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds hinds
The third type is the resource and ecological enrichment center. examines all the sea estuary cities in the world, and there is another type of city. In the initial stage of its urban formation, its relationship with the factor of " sea estuary" and rivers and oceans is weaker than the first two types. The formation of its cities is closely related to relatively unique resource conditions, such as minerals, salt, fisheries, etc. However, the future development of such cities is closely related to the geographical location of the "estuary" and the ecological protection of rivers and oceans. Such cities can be called resource and ecological enrichment center-type seaport estuary cities.A typical representative of this type of city is Dongying, China. Dongying is the estuary city of the mother river of the Chinese nation, the Yellow River , and the central city of , the Yellow River Delta. Dongying prospered because of oil, and concentrated the main production and geological storage of Shengli Oilfield. At the same time, thanks to the unique geographical resource of The Yellow River estuary , Dongying has distinct ecological characteristics. The city's wetland rate is 41.58%. The 1,530 square kilometers of Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve is the most complete, vast and youngest wetland ecosystem in China, and it is also a very representative estuary wetland in the world. The upcoming approval of more than 3,500 square kilometers of Yellow River Estuary National Park will create a wider and charming estuary national park.
Dongying Municipal Party Committee Standing Committee Member and Minister of Propaganda Department Yu Hongbo introduced that Dongying City is the central city of the Yellow River Delta and one of the typical representative types of cities in the world's estuary. In recent years, it has insisted on ecological priority and green development. It has done a lot of work in the ecological protection and restoration of the estuary, transformation of resource-based cities, and inheritance of river and sea culture. Dongying, which embraces the river and sea, has embarked on a path of green rise with beautiful ecology, prosperous industries, prosperous culture and strong vitality.
New Yellow River Reporter: Xie Miaomiao
Editor: Han Luying
