The earth has been born for 4.6 billion years. Over this long period of time, it has been working hard to form life forms and provide a better living environment for life. Next, let’s take a look at the six most famous infectious diseases in history. Among them, cholera first bro

It has been 4.6 billion years since the birth of the earth . During this long period of time, it has been working hard to form life forms and provide a better living environment for life.

Earth: The Cradle of Life

Human beings, as advanced life forms, seem to be already very powerful. We will not be defeated by the huge and ferocious ligers, but we will be defeated by tiny and simple-structured viruses.

In the development of human history, we have experienced devastating infectious diseases caused by viruses.

Next, let’s take a look at the six most famous infectious diseases in history. Among them, cholera first broke out in India and can be transmitted through feces or mouth.

Terrible viruses

The simpler the creature, the more terrifying it may be

According to statistics, among mammals, there are at least 320,000 kinds of viruses . Many viruses have existed on the earth as early as more than 3 billion years ago and belong to One of the most primitive creatures on earth.

These viruses contain only one kind of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) and . They are non-cellular organisms that must be parasitic in or inside cells and proliferate through the prevention of replication. In the process of

infinitely creating itself, the immune system in the host body will resist . However, once the immune system is breached, these viruses will cause great harm to the host.

viruses invade

and they, like all living things, have the functions of inheritance, mutation and evolution .

These viruses allow their genes to reproduce through infection, so they cause many infectious diseases.

Cholera

Cholera: It can be said to be one of the ultimate evil human infectious diseases .

This acute intestinal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae is mainly transmitted through fecal-oral transmission . It covers a wide range of areas and is also known as "one of the most terrifying plagues that have ever destroyed the earth." .

Channels of transmission of cholera

So far, there have been seven global pandemics of cholera.

Since 1961, we have been facing the seventh wave of cholera, with about 3 to 5 million people infected every year.

Before the 19th century, cholera was only prevalent in the Ganges Delta area. This was because the geographical environment at that time was closed, so people did not have large-scale communication.

At that time, eastern India was experiencing a huge disaster.

People began to have endless diarrhea, causing body dehydration and systemic circulatory failure. No matter what medicine they took, they could not be cured, and the number of people exposed to radiation became more and more widespread.

Cholera originated in the Ganges area

Later, with the colonial invasion and the rise of world trade, cholera began to spread in the lower reaches of the Ganges River in 1817, followed by the entire African continent, East Asia, and then the southeastern coast of my country.

Even though we now have the ability to treat cholera patients, people are still very afraid of it.

Smallpox

Smallpox can be said to be one of the infectious diseases with the strongest presence. This toxemia symptom caused by smallpox virus will almost leave traces on the body that are difficult to eliminate.

Smallpox virus

Although this virus has been declared eliminated in the last century, it is still difficult for people to forget the pain it caused.

When people traced the origin of smallpox, they found that it had begun to appear in India and Egypt more than 3,000 years ago.

It was not until the 16th century that smallpox began to spread around the world.

It is understood that between the 16th and 18th centuries, more than 1.3 million people died of smallpox every year, and in the 18th century alone, about 150 million Europeans died.

Even when smallpox spread to the American continent, the original population of more than 100 million people decreased by more than 90 million in the next 00 years.

Smallpox virus

The mortality rate caused by smallpox can reach more than 30%. Although the virus has eliminated , the United States and Russia still retain more than 500 smallpox strains, which inevitably makes people feel scared.

Ebola

Ebola is also a major epidemic that scares people. In the past, Ebola virus caused more than 30 epidemics around the world with its hellish transmission method and speed .

Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River in Zaire, Africa. It is considered to be one of the highest-level viruses in the world, and its mortality rate can reach almost 90%.

Ebola virus

According to the British "Mirror" report, as of 2015, Ebola has caused 90,000 deaths worldwide.

Ebola virus has a certain incubation period . Most infected patients will first experience high fever, headache, sore throat , weakness and muscle pain.

As time goes by, if not controlled in time, the symptoms will gradually worsen. After about two weeks, the Ebola virus will overflow, causing the patient to die within 4 hours.

And they all died "ugly", because when the Ebola virus spreads in the body, multiple organs in the body will be attacked , gradually deforming, necrotic, and decomposed.

Ebola causes a large number of deaths

So when the condition becomes serious, these patients will suffer from internal bleeding, causing bleeding from the seven orifices, and eventually lead to death from brain damage and other conditions.

Black Death

The Black Death can be said to be a nightmare in Europe and even the world. This severe infectious disease caused by mice fleas carrying Yersinia pestis is one of the deadliest plagues in human history. .

Starting in the fourteenth century, the Black Death began to spread in China, Central Asia, Europe, and the world.

Over a period of more than 6 centuries, the Black Death killed more than 75 million people around the world.

The spread of the Black Death

The death toll in Europe reached about 0 million, almost destroying the entire Europe.

So the Middle Ages are called the darkest age in European history, but the period during which the Black Death was prevalent is also called the darkest age of the Middle Ages .

According to the records of a Florence person, patients infected with the virus first develop lumps in the groin or armpits, some of which are even as big as eggs. Then they begin to spread throughout the body, and then black appears on the skin. The spots are almost all over the limbs.

The nightmare of the Middle Ages, the Black Death

Everyone who was attacked by rat fleas was not spared. would die almost within 3 days, and the mortality rate was as high as 70%.

The impact of the Black Death is almost greater than any war in human history, so if the Black Death becomes popular again, it will inevitably cause great panic.

SARS

SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), caused by the SARS coronavirus, swept through China in 2003.

It is understood that the number of confirmed cases of SARS reported in China that year reached 7,747, and the death toll reached 829. It was a very serious infectious disease in China.

One of the most serious infectious diseases in China

As early as 2002, SARS had begun to spread from Shunde, Guangdong, to Southeast Asia and even the world. Information released by the World Health Organization shows that the average mortality rate of patients is 9.6%, The highest can reach 14%-15%.

At first, people thought that civet cats were the source of SARS virus . Later, Chinese scientist Shi Zhengli led a team to discover a natural gene bank of bat SARS-like coronaviruses in Yunnan, my country.

This revealed that the SARS virus originated from the recombinant virus in bats, relieving the civets of the blame they had shouldered for 15 years.

Bat are the culprit

The new coronavirus that is currently circulating around the world belongs to the same family as the SARS virus, and we are looking forward to the end of this epidemic.

Rabies

The last thing I want to talk about is rabies caused by rabies virus . It is already an incurable disease. Basically, as long as the disease occurs, the mortality rate can reach 100%. So far, only 5 people have survived without vaccination.

This is a zoonotic infectious disease. This virus is generally spread through animals such as cats, bats, dogs and monkeys.

Once a person is bitten by an animal carrying the virus, he or she will become ill. Its incubation period is related to factors such as the virulence of the virus and the nerve distribution of the invasion site.

Rabies

Most people with the disease are afraid of water, wind and light, pharyngeal muscle spasm, and eventually lead to paralysis.

Although the incidence of this disease is not high , , it still causes about 5 million deaths.

At present, because the rabies vaccine has not been fully popularized, more than 55,000 people die from rabies every year.

Nowadays, there are more than 20 kinds of infectious diseases released authoritatively in our country , each of which will have a great impact on the human body and greatly hinder the progress of human civilization and economic development.

It is necessary to vaccinate against rabies

Nowadays, we can only place our hope on the progress of medical technology , so that more infectious diseases can be controlled through vaccines in advance, and existing patients can be treated with specific drugs.