There are always some animals in nature, they seem to be outside the laws of biological evolution , and they will get angry at every turn Darwin's rhythm.
It is as if these creatures are jumping out of the three realms and not under the control of the earth.
We all know that organisms in nature have their own household registration . What phylum, what class, which order they belong to, which department they should "work" in, etc., can all be clearly arranged.
Cute animals
If you really can’t figure out the household registration, then do “ DNA identification ” to determine which family it belongs to by detecting the base pair .
For example, the genetic similarity between us humans and chimpanzees reaches more than 98%, then we both belong to the family Primate Hominidae .
It’s just that chimpanzees belong to , chimpanzees belong to , and we humans belong to , Homo , and the differentiation starts from here.
However, there are some deviant creatures in nature, they just play and make trouble, and they even make fun of evolution !
Miraculous nature
What is Tai Sui ?
Tai Sui, also known as " meat Ganoderma " among the people, is said to be the essence of the sun, moon, heaven and earth. It is a spiritual creature that can live forever and become immortal after eating it.
According to legend, Tai Sui only meets people who are destined to meet him. Therefore, if he meets a person who is Tai Sui, he will be rich and noble.
Is this really the case?
Scientists explained that the substance called Tai Sui does exist in nature, but it does not have the legendary miraculous effects.
and Taisui is a magical object . In a sense, Taisui has no clear biological name .
Taisui discovered by people
We often talk about the three realms of heaven and earth. In fact, there are six realms in biology, namely the animal kingdom, the plant kingdom, the fungi kingdom, the protist kingdom, the archaea kingdom and the eubacteria kingdom .
Tai Sui does not belong to any of these circles!
Because Tai Sui is a complex , it is composed of fungi, bacteria, slime mold , etc.
Fungi belong to the fungal kingdom , bacteria belong to the eubacterial kingdom , and slime molds are a single-flagellate organism and belong to the protist kingdom .
The "six realms" of the earth
they support each other. For example, fungi can produce spores, so it seems that Tai Sui has the function of reproduction.
The bacteria divide and multiply, causing Tai Sui to grow very large.
Slime molds, or single-flagellated organisms, have a certain ability to move, which allows Tai Sui's shape to change.
What's more important is that there is not one type of fungi, bacteria or even single-flagellate organisms, but several types, and they have already formed a symbiotic relationship between them.
Tai Sui was regarded as a treasure
As a result, Tai Sui no longer has an individual body. Even if Tai Sui is minced with a blender, it will not die. It can even restore to again with just a little bit.
Tai Sui in different regions has different proportions and types of fungi, bacteria, and slime molds.
Due to its very complex composition and the analysis and testing of a small part of Tai Sui, it is impossible to determine all the biological species in it. Scientists recommend not to eat Tai Sui to avoid poisoning.
Tai Sui is extremely valuable, not because of its extremely high medicinal value, but because of its high research value .
Scientists believe that the formation of Tai Sui is likely to be a kind of cooperation formed by ancient creatures in order to resist changes in the external environment.
This is very likely to be the first mutually beneficial in the history of life.
There is another creature that is similar to Tai Sui, and that is lichen .
Tai Sui is a complex
Clothes of the Earth
Although lichen is divided into Plant Kingdom Lichen Plant Phylum , strictly speaking, it is not the same as plants at all.
Lichen is a complex formed by algae and fungus . It is called " superorganism ". It is essentially different from a tree or a grass.
Algae belong to Protist kingdom , and fungi belong to Fungal kingdom . Both are eukaryotes , but their evolutionary paths are completely different.
Regarding the evolution of lichens, scientists initially believed that this was the earliest creature to land on land on earth, because lichens can turn rocks into soil , so they believed that this was the earliest soil maker .
Lichens on rocks
However, judging from fossils, the history of lichens is very short. When it landed, the ancestors of plants had already landed.
So far, the birth of lichens has become a mystery. Scientists cannot explain why fungi and algae , as eukaryotes , cooperate in this way.
Algae can directly use the metabolites of fungi to carry out photosynthesis. Fungi become the first to enjoy the oxygen produced by algae.
Over time, no one of them can live without the other. And the types of lichens are obtained by the arrangement and combination of different fungi and algae .
What's more, there are a variety of algae and a variety of fungi that together constitute lichens . In the process, is constantly recruiting new members .
Lichens look like moss
Therefore, scientists have not yet been able to determine how many species of lichens exist on Earth.
Lichen Although is not the pioneer of terrestrial life , it has now become the pioneer of the regional ecology .
Lichens can erode rocks and create soil, creating conditions for the birth of higher plants .
In other words, lichens have the final say on whether trees can grow in an area and whether it can become a forest.
Lichens are the ecological creators of a region
Lighthouse of Eternal Life
The Tai Sui and lichens mentioned earlier are not individuals, but " superorganisms " and complexes .
But lighthouse jellyfish , as a registered creature , actually broke a rule, that is rejuvenation .
In the martial arts novel, Tianshan Tonglao practices a certain kind of kung fu, causing her to turn into a little girl every once in a while.
In fact, in nature, there is such a creature, which can directly return to before was born. This magical creature is the lighthouse jellyfish.
Lighthouse jellyfish
Lighthouse jellyfish belongs to Animal kingdomCnidaria phylumHydrozoaFlower jellyfish order. It originally only lived in the Caribbean Sea . Because of global shipping, it was taken to all over the world.
JellyfishAlthough it is an animal, some of its living habits are more like plants.
For example, its life has two forms: , , , polyp and jellyfish , just like tree and flower .
The DNA of polyps and jellyfish are the same. The polyps cannot move, but the jellyfish can drift with the waves, just like flowers fluttering in the wind.
The main responsibility of the beautiful lighthouse jellyfish
The jellyfish is responsible for finding similar species in the sea to reproduce, and then it lays eggs- floating larvae, which fall to the seabedtake root and grow, becoming polyps .
After the polyp matures, it will form a jellyfish body at the end, allowing them to reproduce on their behalf.
The lighthouse jellyfish is a BUG. It can fall from the jellyfish body to the seabed and grow into a polyp , and then form a jellyfish body . This new jellyfish and the previous old jellyfish have the same DNA as , can be regarded as the same lighthouse jellyfish as .
and lighthouse jellyfish can perform this conversion to without any restrictions. Some people say that this is immortality in a sense.
The Life of the Lighthouse Jellyfish
The Lizard of the Daughter's Kingdom
The The Female Kingdom of Xiliang in "Journey to the West" has always been talked about, but we also understand that in real life, it is impossible to have offspring with just one woman. of. There is indeed asexual reproduction among
creatures, but it only exists among 's relatively lower creatures .
Vertebrate is the highest level form of biological , and asexual reproduction is basically impossible.
There is such a vertebrate, it will trample on this existence, it is the true daughter country of nature - Sand plains whiptail lizard.
Sandy whip tail lizard
Sandy whip tail lizard are all female , does not have a male , they practice asexual reproduction.
As for why the sand plains whiptail lizard evolved such an incredible reproduction method, scientists believe that it is most likely a cross-species hybrid creature . Theoretically, the sand plains whiptail lizard is sterile.
However, by chance, the female whiptail lizard developed the gene mutation during meiosis , which caused the original egg cell chromosome number to suddenly double , forming a new diploid .
As a result, the female of the sand plain whiptail lizard has the ability to give birth , and their offspring are obtained by "copying" their own genes.
There are only females in the sand plains whiptail lizard
This kind of asexual reproduction can be said to be very rare among vertebrates, so the sand plains whiptail lizard has become a relatively unique existence.
However, although there is currently no survival crisis for the sand plain whiptail lizard, their single gene pool also makes their gene diversity more urgent.
Therefore, scientists are worried that if the environment changes significantly in the future, they do not know whether the sand plain whiptail lizard can survive.
Nature is full of wonders.
Tai Sui, lichens, lighthouse jellyfish, sand plain whiptail lizards, and other wonderful creatures in nature. They tell humans that there are various forms of life. Only humans can’t imagine it, and nature can’t do it!
