? " China Sky Eye " received a signal from a suspected extraterrestrial civilization. Does " Trisolaran " exist? Do we want to send a message to the universe?
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Recently, Zhang Tongjie, China's chief scientist for searching for extraterrestrial civilizations, revealed to the media that his team used the "Chinese Sky Eye" to discover several cases of "possible technological traces and geometries from beyond the earth." Candidate Signals of Extraterrestrial Civilizations”. Does
really come from extraterrestrial civilization?
To put it simply, it means that it has received a signal that may be from aliens. Whether it is true or not, the team is currently conducting further screening and investigation.
The 00-meter aperture spherical radio telescope , known as the "Eye of China's Sky", officially launched the search for extraterrestrial civilizations in September 2020. In 2020, Zhang Tongjie's team discovered two sets of suspicious signals from extraterrestrial civilizations. In 2022, the team discovered another Suspicious signal.
However, some people say that these signals are likely to come from the earth, not aliens. This is what Dan Welheimer, chief scientist of the Center for Extraterrestrial Civilization at the University of California, said.
This is the chief of the United States, and it is indeed very authoritative. Wehrheimer began working on the "Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations" in 1979. He is one of the most authoritative researchers in the world and an American collaborator of Zhang Tongjie's team.
So this is a very professional question. Wehrheimer pointed out that so far, all "suspected signals sent by aliens" detected by humans have been sent by "our own civilization on Earth."
For example, mobile phones, televisions, radar, satellites, as well as electronic devices and computers near the observatory may emit radio waves, which can easily cause interference after being detected by detection equipment. How can
have interference signals?
Is this kind of interference signal very similar to the signal of alien civilization? Is it difficult to tell the difference?
First of all, in the vast universe, radio waves have the strongest "traveling" ability, so when we look for signals from extraterrestrial civilizations, we mainly look for radio waves. For example, aliens are attacking tens of thousands of light years away. A phone call, its radio wave signal traveled through the vast universe, and was just received by us. This is possible.
But the troublesome thing is that humans themselves also produce a large number of signals. This is the radio frequency interference problem that has been plaguing scientists.
For the "China Sky Eye", this problem is even more serious, because the "China Sky Eye" is now the most sensitive telescope in the world. Before it was put into use, the most sensitive extraterrestrial civilization observation equipment in the world was the American A Arecibo telescope , but in December 2020, the Arecibo telescope collapsed due to structural failure. How to remove interference signals in
? The comprehensive sensitivity of the
"China Sky Eye" is 10 times higher than that of the former Arecibo . It has the only 300-meter antenna in the world. Its instantaneous sensitivity exceeds other antennas by more than an order of magnitude. The higher the sensitivity of the telescope, the easier it will be. Capture more distant and weaker signals, but also receive more interference signals.
"China Sky Eye" will first use a computer algorithm program to remove interference signals. How to calculate it? There are two ways to distinguish: First, see whether the signal appears continuously in multiple sky areas. If the signal is projected from aliens from thousands of miles away, it should only appear in a fixed area of the sky. Signals that appear in many sky areas at the same time are most likely interference signals from the earth and will be removed by computer programs.
But computers cannot yet remove it 100%.
Scientists say that the fundamental solution is to move the telescope from the earth to the back of the moon and use the moon as a barrier to completely eliminate radio signal interference on the earth.
Another way is to use two telescopes to test at the same time. For example, one is in Guizhou and the other is in Shanghai. The two telescopes are more than a thousand miles apart. In this way, we can know more accurately how far away from us the signal source is. Near the earth, or further away, just like triangulates .
Is there really an alien civilization?
Are we alone in the universe? What puzzles mankind is why no extraterrestrial civilization has been discovered in so many years?
In 1973, MIT astronomer John Ball proposed an explanation: Just like humans observing animals in zoos, aliens may also be silently observing humans. They deliberately avoid contact with humans and isolate human civilization, like a "nature reserve" in the universe, or just to "monitor" humans. This is the famous "zoo hypothesis."
Whether to actively send signals to aliens has always been the center of heated debate among scientists. Will it be like what is described in the science fiction novel "The Three-Body Problem"? If you send signals, you may expose yourself and bring about the spread of alien civilization. blow.
As early as 1974, the Arecibo telescope sent mankind's first radio message into space. The destination was the globular star cluster M13 25,000 light-years away. The transmission time was no more than three minutes. The message was sent through a The binary encoding is passed out.
In 2017, the "Search for Extraterrestrial Civilization" organization launched repeated signals for three consecutive days to the Lutan star 12 light-years away. This is the star system closest to the earth and contains a potential "habitable planet" ". The message sent this time is more complex and contains many basic mathematics, physics concepts and some scientific knowledge, including telling aliens why 1+1=2, explaining how to read radio information and what the human concept of time is.
Wakoch optimistically estimates that if all goes well, humans will receive replies from aliens before 2042. Will this be the beginning of a new era for humans?
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