Qian Sanqiang, nuclear physicist, founder of China's atomic energy science undertaking, recipient of the Medal of Merit for Two Bombs and One Satellite, and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Researcher and former director of the Institute of Atomic Energy, Chinese A

Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and nuclear physicist Qian Sanqiang

Qian Sanqiang (October 16, 1913 - June 28, 1992), nuclear physicist, founder of China's atomic energy scientific undertaking, credited with two bombs and one satellite Medal winner, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Researcher and former director of the Institute of Atomic Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is an advocate of many interdisciplinary and transversal disciplines. Together with Qian Xuesen and Qian Weichang, he is collectively known as the "Three Moneys" by Premier Zhou Enlai.

Graduation photo of classmates from the Physics Department of Tsinghua University in 1936. Qian Sanqiang, first from left in the back row, and He Zehui, second from right in the front row.

Qian Sanqiang graduated from Peking University preparatory course in 1932; graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936; in 1937, under the recommendation of Yan Jici, he went to the Curie Laboratory of the Institute of Radium Science of the University of Paris to study for a doctorate. His supervisor was Irène Joliot-Curie (winner of the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry), and followed the chemist Mrs. Gerard to do research on radioactive sources of polonium, and also studied under Jean-Frédéric Joliot - Studied at the Institute of Atomic Chemistry of the Collège de France, chaired by Mr. Curie; received a French national doctorate in 1940; won the Henri Debard Microphysics Prize of the French Academy of Sciences in 1946; was promoted to researcher and research mentor at the French National Center for Scientific Research in 1947, and Received the French Legion of Honor Officer Medal.

In 1946, Qian Sanqiang was awarded the Henri Debard Microphysics Prize by the French Academy of Sciences at the Curie Laboratory in Paris. Qian Sanqiang was also the first Chinese to receive this award.

Qian Sanqiang and He Zehui

In 1948, they accepted invitations from Beipingseveral universities and the Academia Sinica, gave up the good research and working conditions in France, and returned to China by boat with their infant babies. He serves as a professor in the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University.

Qian Sanqiang and He Zehui

In 1950, he served as deputy director of the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; in 1951, he took over as director of the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; in 1954, he was appointed secretary-general of the Academic Secretariat of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; in 1955, he was elected He is a member (academician) of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. In 1956, he served as deputy minister of the Third Ministry of Machinery Industry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1978, he was appointed as a member of the Party Leadership Group and Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. From 1978 to 1982, he served concurrently as a member of the Communist Party of China. President of Zhejiang University .

Qian Sanqiang gave a lecture in Zhongnanhai, Beijing.

On July 24, 1980, he gave a lecture on "A Brief Introduction to the Development of Science and Technology" in Zhongnanhai. He died of illness in Beijing on June 28, 1992, at the age of 79. In 1999, he was posthumously awarded the "Two Bombs and One Star" Meritorious Service Medal.

Qian Sanqiang has made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of China's atomic energy scientific undertaking and the development of " two bombs ". He is one of the pioneers and founders of China's atomic energy industry, and the organizational coordinator and chief designer of China's development of nuclear weapons. He has made important contributions in organizing and promoting scientific research and international cooperation at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the country.

Atomic energy science couple, China's Curies

Qian Sanqiang's doctoral supervisor Irena Joliot-Curie commented that he (Qian Sanqiang) was full of enthusiasm for scientific undertakings, and he was intelligent and original. Mr. Qian is also an excellent organizational worker. In terms of spirituality, science and technology, he possesses all the qualities that a leader of a research institution should have.