So far, only the earth is the only planet with life, but it is undeniable that there may be other life forms in the vast universe. Nowadays, climate warming, ecological deterioration and other issues also urgently need human beings to find a planet similar to the earth. If a planet has water and oxygen, and the temperature is right, there may be life forms, and the basic conditions for human existence will be reached.
In addition to the earth, whether there are life forms on other planets, this is also a topic that astronomers have been exploring.
How to send messages to other planets
In 1974, information about humans and the solar system was merged into pictures. According to the standards of the 1970s, these pictures were high-tech products and looked a bit like pictures in a space game. Make pictures so that the intelligent life that receives information can transmit what we want to express.
A signal with picture information, transmitted from Arecibo Radio Telescope in Puerto Rico . This telescope looks like a huge dish, and its location is in a big pit in the jungle.
Arecibo radio telescope can see a cluster of stars in the Hercules constellation. This cluster of stars is 2200 light-years away from the earth. According to this distance, the picture signals can only be reached at 4174.
If those stars have ours, they will respond when they receive a message, that is, they will receive a letter in 4174.
A few years ago, a potato chip company put forward a bold idea, and even wanted to go to Ursa to advertise, using aliens wanting to eat potato chips as a gimmick to increase exposure. Even if there are aliens who want to eat it, it is estimated that it will be difficult for them to serve it.
There are really aliens in the universe, how can we communicate? Today's technology is advanced, and spacecraft have 1/20000 of the radio signal. At this speed, it will take 80,000 years to fly to the star closest to the sun.
Scientists have suggested that it is best not to launch high-level signals into space. If these signals are intercepted by aliens, they are very likely to be cracked.
In 1890, mankind began to study radio waves. Nowadays, science and technology are developing rapidly, but radio wave technology may not have reached a certain level. Maybe there has been interstellar broadcasting in space, but we can't receive the signal yet.
Some people think that it is less likely to find the same kind or enemy in space, but aliens are not green dwarfs traveling in space.
Astronomers propose a new field of science to study life beyond the earth
To find aliens in the universe, where do you need to start? It is necessary to find the elements that can sustain their lives, just as humans cannot do without food.
Life is inseparable from carbon and water, and so does life on earth, including all animals and plants. Carbon is the most important element in the periodic table . Among the 10 million chemical compounds, 9 million contain carbon. The main reason for
is that has fewer carbon atoms than other atoms. is arranged closer together and can maintain a stable structure. Therefore, carbon is widely used in industry or agriculture.
Fortunately, my country is rich in carbon resources. Even an ordinary star will not produce a large amount of carbon until it enters the later stages of its life after several billion years.
Everyone knows that water contains hydrogen, and hydrogen is produced during the Big Bang, and oxygen atoms can also be produced in stars. At present, except for the earth where humans live, water has been discovered, and the existence of liquid water has not yet been discovered on other planets.
Biologists study the state of existence of the earth, hoping to find possible life on other planets, including aliens. However, space travel has certain limitations, that is, to explore several planets in the solar system, and select planets suitable for life to survive.
The reason why human beings survive on the earth,The main reason is that it is conveniently located, just in a good track position, it is not too cold in winter and not very hot in summer, and most of the area is covered by liquid water.
For example, Venus, too close to the sun, will quickly evaporate water and form gas. Although it will also rain, it is sulfuric acid rain and rarely falls on the surface.
Mercury is too small and has been affected by the solar wind for a long time. Its orbit makes the day longer than a year. The surface is blocked by the meteorite. It is in the shadow and the water can only be in solid form. exist.
Mars is the most likely place for extraterrestrial life
Through the research of scientists, it has been discovered that Mars is the most likely place for extraterrestrial life. People even imagine that one day they will move to live on Mars.
In 1877, the Italian Vani Schiaparelli seized the opportunity of Mars approaching the earth during an astronomical observation. Through observation, he found that Mars had a pattern similar to a canal, and according to what he saw What I arrived at was a map of the surface of Mars.
That year, the wealthy American businessman Percival Lowell did not hesitate to spend a lot of money to build an observatory in Arizona to observe Mars, hoping to find traces of Martians.
Although there is no major discovery, after Lowell's death, the ninth planet was discovered in this observatory, which is Pluto .
Later, the Viking lander named after the Italian scientist Schiaparelli arrived on Mars and found that the climate there was cold, and there was no vitality in a large desert.
However, scientists still did not give up, believing that the Martian atmosphere is similar to that of the early Earth, and that there was also water flowing. Perhaps the traces of life on it have been sealed in fossils, but the probe did not find it.
Extraterrestrial life may exist in the deposits of chemical substances,The place with this possibility is Europa
Europa is the second closest satellite to Jupiter . Astronomers Galileo discovered that it is slightly smaller than the moon.
Its surface is not rock, but is covered by ice. There is a heat source inside, which can produce volcanic hydrothermal activity. There is an ocean of liquid water at the bottom with a depth of about 10 kilometers. This ocean wraps the entire planet, even more than The total volume of the oceans on the earth must be large.
Many astronomers are curious, Europa has a heat source and liquid water. Does life exist? If you want to know the answer, you must first launch a lander to this satellite. The structure of the lander is very special. One half is a spacecraft and the other half is a drilling rig.
If you want to drill into the ice covered on the surface, it is very difficult. Experts also give advice, it is best to find the cracked area. Even if the probe can reach the extraterrestrial ocean, there will be a certain risk at the same time, which will cause pollution to the extraterrestrial waters.
How to safely collect extraterrestrial water samples is currently a question that scientists need to explore, or bring the water samples back to the earth and analyze them later.
written at the end
In this vast universe, human beings are not alone, maybe there are unknown life on other planets, but it has not been discovered, but before that moment, the footsteps of scientists exploring Will not stop. The earth, this planet with life, may no longer be a lonely boat after a few years.
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