Currently, the main epidemic new coronavirus variant Omickron has decreased its pathogenicity, but in the face of the virus, the elderly are still a relatively vulnerable group, and vaccination is an important means to help the elderly prevent severe cases and deaths of new coronavirus pneumonia. So is it safe for the elderly to get the new crown vaccine ? Do the elderly who don’t go out very often need to get the vaccine? Shanghai disease control experts answered these doubts one by one.
1. Question: The elderly don’t usually come into contact with many people, is there no need to get vaccinated?
Answer: Although the range of activities of the elderly is relatively limited than that of young people, they will also be infected with the virus through juniors at home and people who are in contact with them. Recently, there have been many elderly cases in the domestic epidemic. In addition, the risk of severe illness and death in the elderly is much higher than that in young people and children after infection. Although the proportion of severe and death caused by the new coronavirus varies worldwide, the common feature is that the proportion of severe and deaths among the elderly who are not vaccinated and those with chronic underlying diseases is relatively high.
2. Q: Is the new coronavirus vaccination safe and effective?
Answer: The current use of the new crown vaccine in this city has been approved for marketing or approved for emergency use with conditions. According to the clinical trial of new coronavirus vaccine carried out in my country, and the large-scale vaccination that my country has carried out in accordance with laws and regulations under the premise of voluntary informed consent, the safety and effectiveness of the above-mentioned vaccine have been verified.
3. Q: What risks may arise if the elderly do not receive the COVID-19 vaccine enhancement injection?
Answer: According to domestic and foreign research results, vaccines have played a great role in preventing infections and reducing the incidence, especially in preventing severe illness and death. However, after vaccination, immunity and and protective effects will decrease and weaken over time. Therefore, it is currently recommended to strengthen the immunization of for the new coronavirus vaccine at home and abroad.
study shows that the new crown vaccine can greatly reduce the risk of severe illness and death. If you complete the basic immunization of for the new crown vaccine, even if you are infected, the risk of developing severe illness will be reduced by at least 80%. If you are also vaccinated with a booster injection, the risk will be reduced by more than 90%. Therefore, elderly people who meet the conditions should complete the inoculation of enhanced injections as soon as possible.
4. Q: Which new crown vaccine is more suitable for the elderly?
Answer: The varieties of new crown vaccines currently approved for use in my country include inactivated vaccine , adenovirus vector vaccine and recombinant protein vaccine . These vaccines have proven their effectiveness and safety through preliminary clinical trials and large-scale use. No matter which vaccine is used or which method of strengthening immunity is adopted, as long as the vaccination conditions are met and there are no contraindications, they can be selected according to the local vaccine supply situation, which can effectively reduce the risk of severe illness and death.
5. Question: How to get the COVID-19 vaccine booster for the elderly?
Answer: At this stage, people aged 60 and above who have completed the entire vaccination for 3 months can be strengthened. Those who meet the requirements can choose homologous enhancement or sequential enhancement of immunization according to relevant national requirements.
6. Question: Can elderly people with chronic diseases receive the COVID-19 vaccine?
Answer: The elderly and chronic patients are both severe and high-risk groups after being infected with the new coronavirus. People with stable health and good medication control are recommended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Patients in the stable stage should still take medication as prescribed by the doctor before and after vaccination.
7. Question: Can people suffering from tumors, postoperative and other major patients receive the new coronavirus vaccine?
Answer: Tumor and postoperative patients are recommended to refer to the recommendations of clinicians, and combine the patient's health status and relevant indicators. If the patient is stable, you can get vaccinated. If the condition is not stable, it is recommended to postpone vaccination.
8. Question: Under what circumstances does the elderly not recommend getting the COVID-19 vaccine?
Answer: The "Notice on Issuing the Work Plan for Strengthening the Vaccination of New Coronavirus Vaccination for the Elderly" (Guowei Mingdian [2022] No. 484) issued by the Comprehensive Group of the State Council for Responding to the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for the Joint Prevention and Control of the Epidemic" (Guowei Mingdian [2022] No. 484), further clarifies the criteria for determining vaccination contraindications, including:
① Severe allergic reactions occurred during previous vaccination, such as anaphylactic shock and laryngeal edema;
②Accurate infectious diseases are temporarily suspended in the fever stage;
③Serious chronic diseases are temporarily suspended in the acute attack stage, such as tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy, patients with hypertension crisis, patients with coronary heart disease have a myocardial infarction, autoimmune neurological disease is in the progressive stage, and patients with epilepsy are in the onset;
④Life has entered the final stage due to severe chronic diseases.
9. Question: What should I pay special attention to when elderly people who are elderly or in nursing homes get vaccinated?
Answer: During the period when nursing homes are closed, staff will accompany the elderly as volunteers to carry out vaccination. The family needs to issue a "power of attorney" in advance. Nursing homes must make arrangements for relevant personnel to ensure the smooth progress of vaccination for the elderly.
10. Q: Can the elderly who have recently received flu vaccines and other vaccines be vaccinated with the new coronavirus vaccine?
Answer: The national vaccination guide recommends that the interval between the new coronavirus vaccination and other vaccination is at least 14 days. Therefore, if you have just received the influenza vaccine, rabies vaccine, shingles vaccine or other vaccines recently, it is recommended to receive the new coronavirus vaccine 14 days apart. Similarly, after receiving the new coronavirus vaccine, it is recommended to receive other vaccines 14 days apart.
According to the "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccination in China (2022-2023)", people aged 18 and above can receive the inactivated influenza vaccine and the new crown vaccine at the same time.
However, for some special circumstances, such as animal injury or trauma, rabies vaccine, tetanus vaccine, immunoglobulin , or when emergency vaccination such as chickenpox vaccine and malsorbent vaccine are required, this interval may not be considered. The specific information shall be subject to the vaccine product instructions.
(Pengpai News)
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