[Introduction]
Medical and health personnel and people's police have more frequent contact with pathogenic factors than ordinary people due to their professional relationships. Therefore, there are relatively many opportunities for occupational exposure to . Once the occupational exposure of HIV occurs, it is very important to deal with it in a timely and accurate manner. The earlier the treatment, the better the prevention effect.
1. How to carry out local emergency treatment after occupational exposure? After occupational exposure occurs, local emergency treatment should be carried out in a timely manner and reported to the employer within 1 hour. The employer shall report to the disposal agency within 2 hours after the exposure occurs, provide relevant materials, and cooperate with the disposal work.
local treatment method for needle puncture: squeeze from the proximal end to the distal end, squeeze out the blood from the injured area as much as possible, rinse thoroughly with soap and running water. Local squeeze and aspirate of the wound are prohibited, and then disinfect with iodine, and bandage if necessary (one squeeze, two flush, and three disinfect).
2. How to implement preventive medication after occupational exposure?
in the area where is located in should evaluate and determine the level of exposure and the viral load level of the exposure source. For exposed people who are at risk of HIV occupational exposure infection, the treatment agency should collect their blood samples within 24 hours of exposure, and implement preventive medication plans for medical personnel who have occupational exposure to HIV according to the level of exposure and viral load level of the exposure source.
prophylactic medication regimens are divided into basic medication procedures and intensive medication procedures. The basic medication procedure is two reverse transcriptase preparations, using conventional therapeutic doses for 28 consecutive days. The intensive medication procedure is based on the basic medication procedure, and a protease inhibitor is added at the same time, using conventional therapeutic doses for 28 consecutive days.
preventive medications should be started as early as possible after occupational exposure to HIV, preferably within 4 hours, and the latest must not exceed 24 hours; even if it exceeds 24 hours, preventive medications should be implemented.
3. Follow-up and psychological counseling after occupational exposure
After medical personnel have occupational exposure to HIV, medical and health institutions should provide follow-up and consultation. The follow-up and consultation include: testing HIV antibodies at the 4th, 8th, 12th and 6 months after exposure, monitoring and processing of the toxicity of medications, observing and recording the early symptoms of HIV infection, etc.
After the occupational exposure of HIV by medical and health personnel and people's police, they may experience great psychological pressure. We should give more psychological care and guidance to help guide them to correctly handle stress events, maintain an optimistic and healthy mentality, fully reflect humanistic care in physical and mental health, and minimize physical and mental damage to medical staff.
[Author of this issue]
Zangzhou, the Institute of Venereal Disease and AIDS Prevention and Control of Shenyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, is engaged in the treatment and management of HIV-infected patients and patients, occupational exposure treatment, and monitoring and management of hepatitis C epidemics.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-