leukemia is a type of malignant clonal disease of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells. Among many malignant tumors that endanger human health, it is not the most common malignant tumor, but for children, it is indeed a true "child killer". Why do you say so? On weekdays, we often see photos of leukemia patients shaved their hair at a young age, so we feel that children often suffer from leukemia. In fact, this is not a kind of impression.
On September 23, 2022, the first study on the current status of cancer incidence in children and adolescents in China was published in the journal "The Lancet". The study was completed with the assistance of the team of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University. The study found that between 2018 and 2020, the prevalence of leukemia in children (0-14 years old) ranked first among all cancers (42.33/million) and second among adolescents (15-19 years old) (30.08/million).
The above research data comes from relevant monitoring systems and databases in all provinces and regions across the country.
data will not deceive people, which has proved that leukemia is or has become the most common malignant tumor that harms children and adolescents. In the golden age of human growth, leukemia in children and adolescents will greatly affect the physical development of children and adolescents. Leukemia has become a major crisis that children and adolescents in our country have to face.
. In this study, the researchers compared the medical resources in different regions and the prevalence of leukemia in children and adolescents. can suggests that the prevalence of leukemia in children and adolescents is closely related to regional medical resources , Underdeveloped areas requires cross-regional medical treatment due to the lack of medical resources in the place of residence, and cross-regional medical treatment has led to an increase in non-medical expenses, which shows that the incidence of childhood leukemia in underdeveloped areas is lower than that in developed areas.
. Unlike children, the incidence of leukemia in adolescents decreases with the improvement of medical level. This is because leukemia in developed areas with high medical level can be diagnosed in early childhood, and early detection, early diagnosis and treatment also improves the therapeutic effect of leukemia.
Based on the above research results, for the medical system, should reduce the difference in medical levels in various places, appropriately balance medical resources in various regions, improve the accessibility of health services in economically low-economic areas, and strengthen disease screening for childhood leukemia, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
For parents, when children develop leukemia symptoms, timely discovering leukemia and going to medical treatment is also an important step to reduce the incidence of leukemia in children.
Although most parents do not have systematic medical knowledge and may know very little about leukemia, it does not hinder parents' care for their children. For childhood leukemia, the first thing is to understand what leukemia is. A simple understanding of leukemia is very necessary.
1. What kind of disease is leukemia?
can generally briefly understand the disease, nature and location of occurrence through the interpretation of the name of the disease. For example, esophagitis is an inflammation that occurs in the esophagus, and leukemia, we can know that the disease occurs in the blood system, and the most important function of the blood system is hematopoiesis.
For the human body, normal hematopoiesis has levels, including A small number of hematopoietic stem cells with self-renewal ability and a large number of progenitor cells without self-renewal ability. . Research believes that leukemia oncogene will enable progenitor cells without self-renewal ability to obtain self-renewal ability to be called leukemia stem cells , . Research believes that leukemia oncogene will enable progenitor cells without self-renewal ability to obtain self-renewal ability to be called leukemia stem cells , . l1 normal cells have a complete cell cycle and will undergo normal physiological procedures such as division, differentiation, and apoptosis. Leukemia stem cells are different from normal cells. Leukemia cells do not follow normal cell procedures. is manifested in leukemia cells are overproliferating and differentiation stagnating in different stages of cell development, and the apoptosis program of cells is blocked. thus leads to a large accumulation of leukemia cells in hematopoietic tissue, seriously affecting the normal hematopoietic function of the human body and causing a series of damage to the body.
According to the degree of differentiation and maturity of leukemia cells and the natural course of disease, leukemia can be divided into two categories: acute and chronic. Acute leukemia cell differentiation stagnates in an early stage, and the early primitive cells undergo malignancy, and the disease develops relatively rapidly. If treatment is not done in time, patients will often be in danger of life in a short period of time; Cell differentiation of chronic leukemia is stagnated in a late stage. Although there will be no serious manifestations in a short period of time and the development of the disease is relatively slow, changes in the hematopoietic system will slowly erode the health of patients. If left alone, a series of complications will occur, such as infections, hematologic diseases, etc.
Leukemia is often diagnosed in the middle and late stages, with a high degree of malignancy, so treatment is more difficult and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, early detection of leukemia in has become an important factor in the treatment of leukemia. Most children with leukemia are neglected by parents' neglect of early symptoms and do not take the child to treat it in time, and delay it again and again, which eventually leads to the child discovering middle and late stage leukemia when there are serious lesions.
Based on the current known knowledge of leukemia, we can know the early clinical symptoms of leukemia, which is of great significance to our early detection of leukemia. Leukemia is mostly "dragged". The doctor reminds: children have three abnormalities, so seek medical treatment in time.
2. Doctor reminds: If children have these three abnormalities, please seek medical attention in time
The early clinical symptoms of leukemia are all related to abnormal blood system. For example, the abnormal proliferation of leukemia stem cells will inhibit normal bone marrow hematopoietic function, and the value-added infiltration of leukemia stem cells will also affect the function of surrounding organs . These pathological conditions are reflected in the following three symptoms. If we grasp these characteristics, we can thus detect the existence of leukemia.
Anemia symptoms are mild and severe, and the causes of anemia are also diverse, but Anemia in normal children is usually due to various reasons such as insufficient iron intake, excessive iron consumption or loss, etc.
or intrinsic defects in red blood cells caused by genetic factors, such as red blood cell membrane defects, red blood cell enzyme defects, hemoglobin synthesis and structural abnormalities, etc., can be seen in thalassemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase defects, etc. . The above types of anemia can usually be treated by symptomatic treatment such as supplementing iron if there is a lack of iron and supplementing red blood cell enzyme if there is a lack of red blood cell enzyme. The treatment effect is relatively stable and usually will not have any impact on children's lives.
However, if it is leukemia, it will cause the bone marrow hematopoietic function of the child's body to be inhibited, and aplastic anemia will occur. This anemia is malignant. If the primary disease cannot be treated, simply supplement the lack of red blood cells , the symptoms usually cannot be relieved. anemia in children will be weak at mildly affecting life, and severely attributing to damage caused by insufficient blood supply to various systems.
Therefore, once the child is found to have symptoms of anemia, it is best to go to the hospital for investigation. After supplementing the required nutrients and eliminating the genetic gene of with special , you need to be particularly alert to whether it is pernicious anemia caused by leukemia.
Fever is also one of the most common early symptoms of leukemia children. It is common in persistent low fever, accompanied by abnormal symptoms such as chills and sweating .
This is because, When the bone marrow hematopoietic function is suppressed, the immune system in the body will also be suppressed. The suppression of the immune system is prone to infection by pathogenic bacteria or viruses. In the case of infection of the body, the metabolites or toxins of the pathogenic microorganism will act on leukocytes and release endogenous heat-causing sources, which will increase the body temperature.
In addition, the proliferation of cancer cells will also release heat-causing sources. Therefore, children with leukemia often have persistent low fever, and their body temperature will be in a high fever state when they are severely infected.
fever in children is the most common symptom of pediatrics. This is because children have low resistance , which is prone to illness and fever due to infection of parasites, influenza viruses and other pathogenic bacteria. Fever is also one of the common symptoms of leukemia, which can easily lead to parents' failure to detect leukemia in time. Therefore, even if is a less serious low fever, as long as it is persistent and the cause cannot be determined, it should not be neglected. Parents need to be particularly vigilant and go to the hospital for diagnosis in time to avoid delaying treatment.
The same point is as fever. Bleeding is also often caused by children's characteristics. If it is just skin rupture and bleeding caused by bumps, it is normal. But if it is a tendency to bleeding without any cause in the whole body, such as nosebleed , often with blood in the mouth, and petechiae under the skin, it is not normal, which shows that there is a problem with the body's coagulation function.
Leukemia will cause abnormal coagulation function in the body. A large number of leukemia cells in the blood vessels are severe stagnation and infiltration, thrombocytopenia and infection are the main causes of bleeding. In severe cases, it may even induce intracranial hemorrhage, which is manifested in symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and asymmetry of pupil size. Children may not express their own discomforts, and parents need to pay attention to their children's health problems at all times.
or above is a manifestation of the inhibition of normal bone marrow hematopoietic function in leukemia, and it is also a common symptom of leukemia. The proliferation and infiltration of leukemia cells will also leave "evidence" in the body, such as lymph node enlargement , liver and spleen enlargement , and tenderness in bones and joints, etc., which are also things that parents need to pay attention to.
. On the premise that parents pay attention to their children's health, if there is a disease in , timely intervention and treatment can reduce the child's pain and minimize the impact of the disease on the child's development.
Summary
We always say that children are the flowers of the motherland, and leukemia is unscrupulously destroying our flowers.
Most parents regard their children's health as more important than their own health, but they are often busy with work and ignore their children's abnormalities. Many times, they improve their children's material life, but lack the attention they deserve, which makes their children's illnesses delay again and again. This is why leukemia is mostly caused by "drag". Children may have long had symptoms of leukemia, but due to parents' negligence, they missed the best treatment opportunity, which led to a family tragedy.
Here, we call on parents to pay more attention to the health of their children. It is not just leukemia. For all diseases, timely discovery and seeking medical treatment as soon as possible is the most correct choice.
References:
[1] How do parents care for babies with leukemia? Encyclopedia Famous Doctors Network. 2012-10-23
[2] How to deal with the relationship between acute leukemia and infection? Encyclopedia Famous Doctors Network. 2011-12-20
[3] "The Lancet" published the latest incidence data on cancer in children and adolescents in my country-China Science and Technology Network. other. 2022-09-24
[4] Lin Maofang, Meng Xiaoli, Cai Zhen, Ye Xiujin. Expression of anti-apoptotic gene survivin in acute leukemia cells and its clinical significance. "Chinese Journal of Hematology", 2002
[5] Guo Xia, Li Qiang. Research progress in the pathogenesis of acute leukemia. "CNKI; WanFang", 2005
[6] Shi Jun, Shao Zonghong, Liu Hong, Li Ke et al. Research on the transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome to acute leukemia. "CNKI; WanFang", 2001
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