Regarding the causes of anxiety, psychologists have proposed many theoretical models. This book mainly focuses on the following four models:
·Cognitive Model believes that anxiety is caused by negative thoughts. Your fear does not come from objective "air flow", but subjective imagination. When you change your way of thinking, your feelings will also change.
·Exposure Model believes that avoidance is the main cause of anxiety. Simply put, the reason we feel anxious is because we are deliberately avoiding things we fear.
·Hidden Emotion Model believes that kindness is the main cause of anxiety. People who are prone to anxiety are usually pleasing people because they are afraid of conflict and negative emotions, including anger. Negative emotions that are hidden by themselves will naturally turn into anxiety, worry or fear.
·Biological Model believes that anxiety and depression are both caused by imbalance in the chemical components in the brain, so we need to take medicine to relieve anxiety or depression.
cognitive model is based on the following three simple ideas:
1. Your way of thinking will affect how you feel.
2. When you feel anxious, you are actually scaring yourself. Anxiety is caused by some distorted, illogical thoughts.
3. When you change your way of thinking, your feelings will also change.
Simply put, anxiety is caused by our thoughts, or cognition.
Our brains will explain everything that happens around us. These thoughts will flash through our minds, even for a moment, possess the magic of creating positive or negative emotions. Cognitive therapy is based on this theory that believes that every idea or cognition can create a specific feeling.
For example, if you feel sad or depressed, you may think you have lost someone you love or something that is related to your self-esteem. If you feel guilty or ashamed, you may think that you are bad or that you are contrary to your personal principles. If you feel desperate, you may think you can never change the status quo. If you feel angry, you may think you have been treated unfairly or taken advantage of. You might also think that someone around you is a self-centered bastard. If you suddenly feel a panic, it may be because you think you are on the verge of collapse and you are about to lose control.
When you start to feel anxious, your negative thoughts and emotions begin to interact, forming a vicious cycle that is constantly deepening. These negative thoughts can lead to anxiety and fear, and anxiety and fear can make your thoughts more negative. For example, you tell yourself: "I feel scared, so I must be facing some kind of danger, otherwise, I will definitely not be so scared."
If you dig into the source of your bad emotions, you will naturally think that things from the outside world stimulate you to have this feeling. This seems real, but it is not. When you feel anxious, many of the thoughts in your mind are not realistic. This is the biggest difference between neurotic anxiety and healthy anxiety.
Neurological anxiety and healthy anxiety are all derived from our thoughts. Healthy anxiety comes from the perception of actual dangers, so this anxiety does not require treatment. If you are really at risk, this healthy anxiety can even help you survive. In contrast, neuropathic anxiety does not have such function because neuropathic anxiety is not caused by a real threat. Thoughts that cause neuropathic anxiety are often distorted and illogical.
When you are anxious, you are almost always deliberately avoiding the problems that are bothering you, and maybe you are not aware of this. You may often feel panic or start paying too much attention to your family, financial status, or health.This may develop into any form of anxiety, but the reason behind it is always the same, that is - you are frustrated, but you don't want to admit that you are frustrated.
The problems you hide will not be buried in the past, but instead they will appear in the present. Only by showing your emotions in full, your anxiety can be resolved.
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