bladder cancer
is one of the most common tumors in the urogenital system
is one of the most common tumors in the urogenital system
is also the first tumor in the urogenital system
is also the first tumor in the urogenital system
morbidity rate in my country's urogenital system
is also the first tumor in the urogenital system
morbidity rate in China
"Temper" of bladder cancer weird
"Introverted personality"
"Hidden without revealing"
"Soul is deep"
Always "Clamp the tail"
Always "Clamp the tail"
Always "Clamp the tail" html ml5
quietly erodes the human body's bladder
often ignored because the symptoms are not obvious
allows it to hide and develop
We invite
Experts from at Zhongnan Hospital of Han University
take us to learn about bladder cancer
Experts in this issue
Peng Jianping
Why men are more susceptible to bladder cancer?
❶ Smoking
At present, the medical community generally believes that smoking is the most certain risk factor for bladder cancer. Studies have found that smoking can increase the risk of bladder cancer by 2 to 3 times.
❷ Long-term exposure to industrial chemical products
For example, people who are engaged in manufacturing industries such as printing and dyeing, petrochemicals, leather, or those who dye hair for a long time, come into contact with chemical elements such as dyeing, paint, rubber, etc. in life are likely to "injure" the fragile bladder.
❸ Androgen level
Men have a high incidence of bladder cancer, which is not entirely related to men's smoking and occupational factors, but also to men's hormone levels.
❹ Chronic obstructive factors
prostate hyperplasia, etc.
❺ Chronic inflammation stimulation
urinary retention , bladder stone , etc.
❻ Poor dietary habits
Intake of large amounts of fat, cholesterol , fried foods, and red meat can increase the risk of bladder cancer.
❼ Drug factors
Chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide , the treatment of 2 diabetes drug pioglitazone can increase the risk of bladder cancer.
What are the characteristics of hematuria for bladder cancer?
80-90% of the main symptoms of bladder cancer are "full painless intermittent hematuria for the naked eye"
❶ The entire urination process is hematuria.
❷ Painless
No back pain, frequent urination, etc. during hematuria.
❸ Intermittent
Sometimes there is no hematuria.
❹ naked eye hematuria
urine is red, discomfort, microscopic hematuria, and some internal medicine diseases will have microscopic hematuria.
Some also show initial or end hematuria -
The former indicates bladder neck lesions; the latter indicates bladder triangular area, bladder neck, and posterior urethra lesions.
What are the common symptoms of bladder cancer?
In addition to hematuria, bladder cancer has the following symptoms:
❶ Some patients have symptoms of frequent urination, urgency, and pain in urine, that is, bladder stimulation;
3 ❸ hr pain caused by ureteral obstruction;
❸ hr pain caused by ureteral obstruction;
❸ urinary retention caused by bladder outlet obstruction, malnutrition, lower limb edema , etc.;
❹ Advanced patients may experience weight loss, renal insufficiency, abdominal pain or bone pain .How to diagnose bladder cancer?
80-90% of bladder cancer are "full painless intermittent hematuria in the naked eye"
❶ Imaging examination
- Ultrasound examination is the most common examination;
- CT Urinary tract imaging can detect smaller tumors.
❷ MRI
is allergic to contrast agents and is more suitable for patients with abnormal renal function.
❸ Endoscopy
cystoscopy and biopsy can determine the number, size, morphology, location, etc. of tumors, and biopsy tissue disease examination can clearly diagnose.
❹ Urine cytology examination
Urine shedding cytology, urinary shedding cells fluorescence in situ hybridization (urinary FISH detection), urinary bladder marker examination (NMP22, BTA, etc.).
How to treat bladder cancer?
1
I have bladder cancer. Will the bladder "care" or "cut"?
First, transurethral bladder tumor resection should be performed to clarify TNM stage and grading diagnosis, and comprehensive evaluation of stage classification and risk factors should be divided into muscular invasive bladder and non-muscular invasive bladder cancer.
Only muscle invasive bladder cancer is recommended to remove the entire bladder.
non-muscular invasive bladder cancer risk classification can be divided into low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk. bladder protection treatment can be used, and bladder perfusion + regular follow-up.
2
with cystostomy pocket will affect life? Patients with complete bladder removal in
partial bladder surgery can be chosen, and a new bladder is created in situ using intestinal tissue, so that the patient can retain normal urination function.
For patients who choose enterostomy or ureterostomy, they do need to put an stoma pocket on their belly for life. There is no need to worry. The stoma pocket is placed in the clothes, and normal care will not affect normal life at all.
3
How to protect bladder cancer?
Treatment of this type of patient is mainly to relieve the patient's pain and treat tumor-related complications.
- For patients with severe hematuria, interventional embolism + chemotherapy drug injection can be used to block the blood supply of the bladder, which will help alleviate the patient's hematuria discomfort within a certain period of time. When there are many blood clots, surgical removal of blood clots in the bladder is required.
- Patients with hydronephrosis and renal failure can undergo nephrostomy treatment.
- If the body can tolerate chemotherapy or immunotherapy , chemotherapy or immunotherapy will be given.
4
Advantages of robot-assisted radical bladder cancer
Surgery methods for total bladder radical resection are generally divided into three types:
❶ Open surgery method
❶ Open surgery method
❷ Laparoscopic method
❸ Robot-assisted laparoscopic method
The advantages of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery are:
- Operating under the laparoscopic laparoscopic, the robot's robotic arm has more freedom.
- The tissue can be enlarged to 5 to 10 times in the high-definition field of view, better identifying tiny blood vessels and lymph nodes, and more conducive to fine operation during surgery.
- Can reduce surgical bleeding.
- Can retain erectile-related nerves to the maximum extent and retain the patient's erectile function.
How to prevent bladder cancer?
❶ Stay away from risk factors and prevent cancerous bladder
can start with lifestyles such as quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, avoiding contact with aniline substances, drinking more water, dyeing hair less, and eating less red meat.
❷ Life should be regular, develop good living habits, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.
❸ Have a good attitude to deal with stress , combine work and rest, and do not be overly tired.
❹ Strengthen physical exercise and enhance physical fitness.
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