81-year-old Mr. Wang is a patient with hypertension . His blood pressure has always been normal, but in the past few years, because his children were sick, his blood pressure began to become unstable.
At first, Mr. Wang didn't care because hypertension is very common to the elderly. Uncle Wang's friends who suffer from hypertension did not treat them much, so he didn't want to make trouble anymore. However, during the blood pressure measurement activities in the community, he learned that his blood pressure systolic blood pressure reached 60~190mmHg. In addition, Mr. Wang also had symptoms of headache and dizziness .
For Mr. Wang, headache and dizziness are simply torture, so he had no choice but to find a doctor to prescribe medicine. So in the next two months, Mr. Wang had been taking levamlodipine benzenesulfonate tablets . Fortunately, the effect of the medicine was obvious and his blood pressure gradually stabilized.
But just after taking the medicine for 2 months, Mr. Wang's body began to gain weight for for unknown reasons. He didn't care at first, thinking that he would gain weight only if he eats too well. But not long after, Uncle Wang's body began to swell and . If he pressed it with his hands, he would leave a small nest, which scared Uncle Wang and quickly asked the child to take him to the hospital for examination.
When the doctor first met Mr. Wang, he seemed very anxious . After understanding the situation, the doctor suggested that Mr. Zhang do a detailed examination of . Based on Mr. Wang’s examination results and medical history, the doctor initially diagnosed Mr. Wang’s symptoms such as dizziness and edema that Mr. Wang may be caused by the antihypertensive drug he took.
After listening to the doctor, Uncle Wang suddenly became excited: "I took medicine to lower blood pressure. Now, although my blood pressure has dropped, has damaged my body ."
Then the doctor told him that these symptoms may be adverse reactions to caused by taking antihypertensive drugs . If you discover it in time, you will generally not cause serious harm to the body.
It can be seen that patients with hypertensive patients may have side effects when taking antihypertensive drugs. Do you know which s are available in ?
1. What are the common antihypertensive drugs? What are the "side effects"?
Everyone knows that hypertension is a common disease and frequent in middle-aged and elderly people, and its impact on the body cannot be underestimated. In addition to the possible symptoms of dizziness, insomnia, fatigue, etc., hypertension can also lead to multiple complications of , such as stroke , chronic kidney disease , heart failure , heart failure , etc.
However, the side effects of different antihypertensive drugs vary, so we must first know what antihypertensive drugs are.
patients with hypertension may know that , which is widely used clinically, has 5 major categories of , which can be divided into horizon, pril, lorol, sartan, and diuretic . Next, I will take these 5 types of phlegm as examples to tell you what side effects may occur after taking them.
horizon antihypertensive drugs
There are many common antihypertensive drugs in life, among which calcium ion anticaking agent is widely used. Since this type of drugs are mainly ended by "horizon", it is also called "horizon" antihypertensive drugs.
Do you know how the horizon antihypertensive drugs taken by Mr. Wang work? In fact, this type of drug can block the calcium ion channel on the vascular smooth muscle cell membrane to relax the vascular smooth muscle. In this way, the vascular resistance of will be reduced and the blood pressure will be reduced accordingly.
So what side effects will horizon drugs have? On the one hand, this type of drug may cause patients to experience symptoms such as palpitations , blushing , etc., because while the drug lowers blood pressure, it will cause the reflex heart rate to accelerate , and symptoms of tumultuous heart rate.
In addition, if you take long-term large doses of dipin antihypertensive drugs, other hypertensive patients may experience edema like Mr. Wang, among which ankle edema is the most common.
Priligy antihypertensive drugs
The most common side effect of Priligy drugs is dry cough . If the dry cough is very serious, the doctor may recommend changing the medication.
The reason for dry cough is that the angiotensin converting enzyme in the drug is working. On the one hand, it will make arterial smooth muscle diastolic and lower blood pressure. On the other hand, it can also inhibit the degradation of bradykinin through , and bradykinin may stimulate the bronchial and cause dry cough.
lor antihypertensive drugs
lor drugs mainly block β receptor in sympathetic nerve to reduce the contraction rate of myocardium and slow down the heart rate of , thus having the effect of lowering blood pressure. In addition, lor antihypertensive drugs also have high value in the treatment of heart failure.
But it may induce asthma . Lorres can act as a function of lowering blood pressure by blocking the beta receptor in the body. Asthma patients who use beta receptor agonists for a long time may have aggravated asthma due to the susceptibility of the airway smooth muscle.
sartan antihypertensive drugs
When patients with hypertensive cough develop a dry cough due to using pril drug , doctors may recommend changing it to sartan. The target of sartan drug is different from pril and will not cause the accumulation of bradykinin , and there will be no side effects such as dry cough. Common sartan antihypertensive drugs include losartan , ibesartan, tasosartan , etc.
Although sartan drugs have few side effects and patients have good tolerance, they can cause digestive tract mucosa damage to . A few patients may experience symptoms such as anorexia, vomiting, upper abdominal pain, and other symptoms after taking it for a few days.
diuretic
Finally, I want to talk about diuretic , because diuretics are generally used in combination with Priligy, sartan or hologen, so its side effects will be relatively few. If you use a large dose of diuretic for a long time, it may cause hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, etc.
, especially for patients with renal edema , if is used for long-term use of potassium diuretics and glucocorticoid , will cause potassium to be lost in the urine. At the same time, due to edema, the intake of potassium in the diet is restricted, causing hypokalemia . If hyponatremia occurs, patients will often show symptoms such as fatigue and loss of appetite . Once acute hyponatremia occurs, seek medical attention in time, otherwise the patient's condition will be very dangerous.
2. How should we deal with the "side effects" of antihypertensive drugs?
We have just mentioned the side effects that different drugs may have. So someone may ask, when these side effects occur, how should we deal with ? ?
First of all, we must follow the principle of " gradually lowering blood pressure, and step by step". Although all antihypertensive drugs used in clinical practice are safe and effective , if you do not follow the doctor's advice or change the dosage of the drug privately, it will have a significant impact on the body in the long run.
Secondly, everyone should understand the concept of first dose reaction . It refers to the serious reactions that patients have after taking the drug. The most typical symptoms are weakness, flushing complexion, blurred vision, etc. If the condition is serious, you may even lose consciousness and heart failure.
Therefore, when taking antihypertensive drugs, you should also pay attention to the first dose reaction, especially the elderly should use small doses under the guidance of a doctor, and gradually increase the dose. In addition, in order to prevent the first dose reaction, patients should receive long-acting antihypertensive drugs for .
Finally, if side effects occur after taking the medicine, you can use in combination with the medicine under the guidance of a doctor. You may be unfamiliar with the combination of medicine. In fact, combined medicine has two purposes. On the one hand, you want to use this method to increase the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs , and on the other hand, reduces the side effects of the medicine .
However, combined medication must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor. Do not take multiple medications privately, otherwise the result may be counterproductive. In short, everyone must pay attention that only a few people with will have side effects after taking the medication. When side effects occur, you must ask the doctor in time to avoid causing more serious consequences.
3. What should patients with hypertension pay attention to in their lives?
With the development of the economy, people's living standards continue to improve, and the number of people suffering from hypertension is gradually increasing. Many people think that the symptoms of hypertension are not serious. Only after overworking will they experience symptoms such as headache and inattention. But do you know that the complications caused by hypertension have a high mortality rate, and even is as high as 50% , such as stroke, heart failure, etc.
Therefore, patients with hypertension should pay attention to daily protection when diagnosed to prevent complications and avoid causing greater harm to the body.
Pay attention to dietary taboos
In fact, there are many reasons for hypertension, among which obesity is one of the causes. When too much fat is accumulated in the human body and blood vessels are squeezed, it will cause the body's blood circulation channel to narrow, and the blood circulation power will increase, resulting in greater blood pressure, thus forming hypertension.
Therefore, patients with hypertension should pay special attention in their diet and should not eat too much food with high cholesterol content in , such as fat meat, animal offal , etc., to avoid weight exceeding health standards.
Develop the habit of exercise
Some people may think that patients with hypertension should exercise less, but in fact, for them, moderate exercise is very important. This is because exercise can improve the individual's immunity, accelerate blood circulation, and be beneficial to physical health.
However, when exercising, you should exercise according to your condition. Don’t be strong or blindly increase the amount of exercise. Moreover, if you feel uncomfortable, you must stop in time to avoid causing greater damage to the body. You can do some aerobic exercises, such as jogging, swimming, etc.
References:
[1] Zhao Zhizhen. What issues should be paid attention to in the care of patients with hypertension?[J]. Health and wellness, 2019.
[2] Han Xue. Research progress on adverse reactions of sartan anti-hypertensive drugs [J]. China Urban and Rural Enterprise Health , 2020(2):3.
[3]Ke Yuannan . Talk about the adverse reactions of antihypertensive drugs [J]. Middle-aged and elderly health care, 2021.
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