When someone around you gets sick or is injured and needs your help, will you help correctly? Master some correct first aid knowledge, and maybe one day you can become the guardian of life. As first aid awareness becomes increasingly stronger, people will never "sit and wait for death" when encountering an emergency. However, some wrong first aid laws not only delay the rescue time, but also cause secondary damage. It has to be said that a large part of the medical knowledge of many people nowadays is seen from TV, but some plots involving first aid are not desirable. It is just that the director filmed for the development of the plot and did not undergo professional medical guidance.
1. When you have nosebleed
Many people have blood in their noses and raise their heads to quickly stop bleeding. In fact, this will easily cause blood to flow into the respiratory tract and cause suffocation. If there is nose bleeding after trauma, it is likely that cerebrospinal fluid flowing out of skull base injury. Once the nose is blocked, it may cause intracranial infection of .
Correct method: Sit down, lean your body forward slightly, open your mouth and breathe with your mouth; pinch the sides of the nose with your thumb and index finger, and squeeze it towards the back of your head for 10 minutes, as long as there is a slight pain. If bleeding is still done, you can move the pinch position slightly until the bleeding stops. If the blood flows continuously, seek medical treatment immediately.
2. Apply toothpaste for burns and scalds
When cooking, oil is splashed, or when your hands are touching the hot pan, many people quickly apply some toothpaste, and some people apply big sauce and soy sauce. The mint ingredients in toothpaste can temporarily cool the affected area, but this can easily lead to bacterial growth and wound infection. Similarly, applying soy sauce and salt after scalding will not only not alleviate the injury, but will also irritate the wound, deepen the degree of injury and increase the chance of infection.
Correct method: Immediately rinse the affected area with cold water to inhibit the damage to the skin by high temperature and reduce the risk of infection; wrap the affected area with gauze to keep it clean and dry. If blisters appear in the injury, do not puncture at will. If it is serious, seek medical treatment immediately.
3. Throat jams are stuck hard and swallowed food
When eating fish, people accidentally got stuck in their throat. People came up with many "trick tricks" to deal with it, such as drinking vinegar, swallowing food, etc. However, drinking vinegar cannot soften fish bones, and swallowing food may also cause esophageal bleeding and other damage.
Correct method: The visible thorns are directly removed with your hands or tweezers. If you can’t see it or the person involved can no longer speak, you should seek medical treatment in time. If you find someone grabbing his throat with his hands but cannot speak, it means that a foreign object may be blocking the respiratory tract, and Hamlik's first aid method should be taken immediately. The rescuer stood behind the rescued person, aimed the thumb and index finger of the fist at the upper abdomen of the rescued person, clenched the fist with the other hand, and squeezed it upwards quickly with force. When first aid, you must control your strength and reduce the force for younger children.
4. Bundle hard to stop bleeding
When cooking, the blood was flowing. Most people use gauze or a bandage to tightly tie the wound, and sometimes they make their fingers purple. In fact, this will hinder blood circulation, and over time, it will cause swelling and purple limbs, and in severe cases, it will also cause necrosis at the end of the limb.
Correct method: Let the injured person sit or lie down and raise the injured part; clean the contaminated wound with clean water, stop bleeding first when the bleeding speed is fast; cover the wound with disinfectant gauze or clean, breathable, non-sticky, and water-absorbing dressing with your hands for 5 to 10 minutes (in an emergency, you can directly press the wound with your hands to stop bleeding). If the blood is soaked in the gauze, it is best not to remove it. Add dressings to it; after stopping the blood, bandage the wound with a bandage or cloth strip. You can also use your fingers to press the arterial vessels at the proximal end of the wound onto the bone to block blood flow. This method is suitable for limbs, but due to the impact of blood supply, the time should not exceed 10 minutes.
5. Arbitrarily transport patients after they have started to have ill
The accident scene was caused by people to move the injured to a safe area. Although they were kind-hearted, they might have helped them. Improper handling can cause secondary damage. For example, car accidents often cause cervical spine damage. If you do not pay attention to protection during transportation, it may compress the nerves and cause disability.
Correct way: When the situation is unknown, avoid acting rashly. There are five major precautions when transporting wounded. 1. First aid first, then move; 2. Do not shake the injured person's body as much as possible; 3. Observe breathing, body temperature, bleeding, facial changes, etc. at any time, and pay attention to keeping the patient warm; 4. Do not move at will when the personnel and equipment are not prepared; 5. It is best to take an ambulance to transport the injured person, and the way must be kept stable and not bumpy.
6. Immediately after drowning, breast pressing is performed
When someone drowns, after the people around him pull up, they immediately start breast pressing. Many important first items are ignored in film and television dramas, namely, check whether the drowning person's respiratory tract is unobstructed. If you are drowning in a wild pond or other places, you should also immediately remove mud, sand, aquatic plants and other debris in the mouth and nose.
Correct way: Put the drowning person flat, quickly pry open his mouth, and remove foreign objects in the pharynx and nose. After drowning, your tongue will fall backwards and block your airways, so you should raise your chin. If a drowning stops breathing, artificial respiration should be performed as soon as possible, pinch his nostrils, take a deep breath, and then slowly blow into his mouth. When his chest is slightly raised, relax his nostrils, 16 to 20 times per minute until he resumes breathing.
Once the drowning person's heartbeat stops, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed immediately. Place the palm of your right hand flatly in the lower part of the sternum, cross the left hand on the back of your right hand, slowly press the sternum about 4 cm, then release your wrist and do not leave the sternum. It is advisable to 60 to 80 times per minute until the heartbeat recovers.
7. "Wake up" those who have "stroke" coma
Many people find that someone suddenly has his head hanging on the table, his mouth and eyes are crooked and he is snoring loudly and unconscious, and he will shake it without thinking, hoping to awaken the patient through this method. These actions are wrong, because the patient's head is shaken when cerebral hemorrhage , which will cause faster cerebral hemorrhage.
Correct method: At this time, if the patient is sitting at the table, he should push the chair he is sitting in forward and squeeze the patient between the table and the chair. If the patient has slipped to the ground, you cannot move the patient randomly. The patient should be placed in a stable lateral position. Specific operation methods: expand your arms, put shoulders, circle legs, and turn over. The key point is to straighten one limb on one side and bend the other limb at 90 degrees. Turn over as a whole, protecting the spine from turning on an axis.
(Comprehensive report of "General Medicine Forum")
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