In the tumor patient population, some patients have relatively poor prognosis and relatively shorter survival because these tumor patients suffer from tumor-related hyperglycemia.
What is tumor-related hyperglycemia? [1]
First of all, we need to clarify two concepts - tumor-related hyperglycemia, and tumor combination diabetes or hyperglycemia .
Simply put, if diabetes or hyperglycemia is diagnosed before the tumor occurs, then this condition is called tumor combined with diabetes or hyperglycemia.
If there is no history of hyperglycemia or diabetes before the tumor is discovered, and non-transient blood sugar increases occur after the tumor is discovered or during the anti-tumor treatment, it is tumor-related hyperglycemia.
Of course, the diagnostic criteria for tumor-related hyperglycemia and diabetes are not the only point. For detailed diagnostic criteria, please refer to the figure below:
What affects the blood sugar of tumor patients? [1] The occurrence of tumor-related hyperglycemia may be affected by many factors, such as:
Some malignant tumors will affect the sugar metabolism of in the tumor patients, causing abnormal sugar metabolism, causing blood sugar to increase, leading to hyperglycemia and (or) diabetes;
anti-tumor treatment can It can lead to hyperglycemia and/or diabetes, such as: immune checkpoint inhibitors can induce diabetes and manifest as severe and persistent insulin deficiency; surgery can lead to stressful hyperglycemia in patients; certain chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin, paclitaxel , cyclophosphamide , methotrexate , L-levoasparaginase, prednisone, etc. can induce diabetes; targeted therapy may also cause targeted therapy-related hyperglycemia.
1 abnormally elevated blood sugar, which makes it worse for tumor patients [1]
Diabetes and hyperglycemia can affect the efficacy of anti-tumor treatment, increase the risk of infection in patients with surgery and chemotherapy, lead to worsening of the nutritional status of tumor patients, aggravate the fatigue and pain levels of tumor patients, shorten the survival of tumor patients, and increase the mortality rate of malignant tumors...
In short, controlling blood sugar is crucial to tumor patients.
When the tumor encounters hyperglycemia, what should patients do? [2][3]
Follow the doctor's advice and control blood sugar within a reasonable range by using hypoglycemic drugs and diet control.
2
In diet, the principles of low sugar , low fat, low cholesterol, protein appropriate amount, eat less and eat more meals, and regular and regular meals should be reasonably allocated to various nutrients on the basis of effective control of blood sugar, such as:
controls the intake of total calories and limits the intake of carbohydrates and fats;
Appropriately consumes more foods rich in high-quality protein such as fish, shrimps, lean meat, eggs, dairy products, etc.;
Eat more fresh vegetables rich in vitamins and brown rice , beans and other foods rich in crude cellulose.
3
Appropriate exercise can enhance the sensitivity of peripheral nerves to insulin , promote muscle uptake and utilization of glucose , and help tumor patients control blood sugar.
It is recommended to exercise appropriately and moderately under the guidance of a doctor. For example, elderly and weak patients can walk indoors, while young and better physical fitness patients can take a walk outdoors.
In addition, it is recommended to choose the activity time 1h after the meal, because blood sugar is relatively high at this time and it is not easy to cause hypoglycemia. The intensity of exercise can cause slightly sweating of the skin. It is recommended that family members be accompanied by their family during exercise to prevent hypoglycemia.
common questions about tumor-related hyperglycemia/diabetes[1][4][5]
Hyperglycemia that occurs during anti-tumor treatment is permanent?
is not necessarily true.Anti-tumor treatment may lead to temporary stress hyperglycemia and may also lead to permanent diabetes.
Are tumor patients with nutrition supplementation and control blood sugar conflicts?
is not actually contradictory. You can adjust the composition of the diet, choose the type of food, control the intake, and reasonably distribute nutrients. While supplementing nutrients, you can also control blood sugar while taking into account.
For example, tumor patients need to consume carbohydrates, so we can choose to eat healthier carbohydrates, such as whole cereals (such as brown rice, buckwheat and oats), beans (such as chickpea , beans and lentils , etc.) are healthy sources of carbohydrates. Among them, beans such as peas and lentils are rich in fiber, which can increase the feeling of fullness while not affecting blood sugar levels too much.
should be avoided because fruits contain sugar?
On the contrary, patients with hyperglycemia/diabetic tumors can eat fruits, and it is recommended to eat them, but should control the amount of , and should try to eat fruits with a lower glycemic index (GI), such as: oranges, apples, pears, , kiwi fruit , etc. Watermelon, pineapple, longan , melon and other fruits GI are higher, so it is recommended not to eat or eat less.
In addition, what should be really reduced is the intake of added sugar, such as sugary beverages. What is the glycemic index (GI) of
liter?
GI can reflect the impact of a certain food or diet composition on blood sugar levels and is an important parameter to guide the diabetic diet.
Simply put, blood sugar fluctuates greatly after eating high-GI foods, while low-GI foods have less impact on blood sugar, which is more conducive to controlling blood sugar.
Foods with high GI: GI ≥70Foods with GI in : GI 56-69
Foods with low GI: GI ≤55
In short, patients with tumor-related hyperglycemia should control their blood sugar, screen and test their blood sugar, and follow the doctor's advice and follow-up regularly.
References:
[1] Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Tumor Endocrine Professional Committee, Chongqing Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tumor Endocrine Branch. Guidelines for Tumor-related Hyperglycemia Management (2021 Edition)[J]. Chinese Cancer Journal, 2021, 31(7):651-687. DOI:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2021.07.013.
[2] Li Wei. Nursing during chemotherapy with malignant tumor patients with diabetes or hyperglycemia [J]. Chinese Journal of Oncology Surgery, 2017, 9(4):273-275. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4136.2017.04.020.
[3]Wang Ying, Yang Rong. Dietary intervention for hyperglycemia levels in tumor patients [J]. Medical Information, 2015(36):58-59. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2015.36.078.
[4]Xu Hui, Lu Yingli. The role of different glycemic index diets in diseases [J]. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2012, 32(1):29-31. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4157.2012.01.010.
[5]Don’t quit fruits for diabetes! What you can eat and what you can’t eat is here. Su Xuan. Yimaitong Health
Cover and illustrations: Visual China
Warm reminder: This article is only a popular science article and does not provide professional diagnosis and treatment opinions. For specific diagnosis and treatment, please do it under the guidance of a professional doctor.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-