Aunt Li is originally a cheerful person, she always smiles when nothing happens. Last year her son got married, and this year she successfully gave birth to a beautiful granddaughter. Aunt Li was even more happy. Her hearty laughter could always be heard walking around the community. But for such a happy person, he has always been frowning recently. The old sisters who were close to her asked her about it, and they found out that it was her little granddaughter who was only a few months old. During the physical examination, congenital premature heart beat was found.
"A child at such a young age has heart disease . What will he do in this long life?" Aunt Li said worriedly. Next to me, Teacher Zhou, who worked in the factory clinic before retiring, responded:
"Sister Li, you really don't have to worry about this. Premature beats are not heart disease . Your granddaughter will definitely grow up healthy."
As soon as Teacher Zhou's words came out, not only Aunt Li didn't believe it, thinking that it was just a lie to comfort her. Others on the side also started talking, most of them skeptical.
"It was diagnosed in a regular hospital. How can it be wrong? Heart disease is so dangerous. If it happens, it will be an emergency." Aunt Li still looked unbelieving, with a sad look on her face.
But in fact, there are several kinds of "heart disease", and you really don't need to worry too much, and don't over-treat them.
1. Which groups are susceptible to heart disease? How to save yourself during an attack?
As the organ that supplies blood and oxygen in the human body, the importance of the heart is self-evident. Once there is a problem with the heart, it will have great harm to the entire human health, and in severe cases, it can lead to death. Abnormalities in various aspects of the heart can be called "heart disease", such as myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, hypertensive heart disease, and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Among all heart abnormalities, there are diseases caused by cardiovascular diseases, diseases caused by the heart itself, valve diseases, aortic diseases, etc., such as aortic aneurysms, aortic dissection, senile degenerative valvular diseases, and rheumatic heart disease, etc..
The heart is like the engine of the body. If the power is insufficient, then life will be in crisis. It is not difficult to see around us that once a person suffers from heart disease, he or she must be careful in everything in life, and the quality of life will be compromised. Understanding which groups of people are more susceptible to heart disease can help us pay more attention to specific groups of people and prevent them early.
First of all, people with a family history of heart disease , especially those whose parents have heart disease, will have a certain genetic tendency in the next generation. It is also divided into direct inheritance of and indirect inheritance of .
For example, if the next generation directly develops cardiac abnormality , then this means that is directly inherited from . indirectly inherits , which means that some factors that can cause heart risks are passed on to the next generation, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension , abnormal blood sugar and other risk factors that can cause coronary heart disease. For example - direct inheritance means passing the "finished product" to your children; indirect inheritance means passing the "raw materials" to your children.
Secondly, after birth, overweight children are also susceptible to heart disease . A study by Tulane University in the United States shows that diseases such as myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease , and cardiac arteriosclerosis are not caused in one day. Many of these heart disease patients had an overweight childhood. Obesity causes excessive burden on the heart during growth . The left ventricle develops larger in adulthood, thus increasing the risk of heart disease. The study also found a link between left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension.
Then there is the "three high" group , has a higher risk of cardiac abnormalities . In patients with long-term hypertension that is not well controlled, excessive cardiac pressure will stimulate myocardial cell hypertrophy and fibrosis .If things go on like this, it will cause hypertrophy and dilation of the left ventricle, which is clinically called " hypertensive heart disease ", and even symptoms such as heart failure and severe arrhythmias will appear.
If you are a patient with and high blood lipids , too much lipids in the blood will precipitate in the organs, which can easily cause coronary atherosclerosis, narrow the coronary arteries, and lead to coronary heart disease; these lipids will also make the blood thicker, slow down the blood flow, and cause blockage in the patient's cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessels, causing thrombosis and leading to myocardial infarction.
Diabetes can cause vascular disease in patients, accelerate atherosclerosis , and cause myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease; hyperglycemia can also cause patients' autonomic neuropathy and tachycardia, which may later involve sympathetic nerves , leading to myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and in severe cases, cardiogenic shock, heart failure, and even sudden death.
Finally, people who like smoke and drink will also increase the risk of heart disease . Both the smoker himself and the passive "smoker" are harmed. Smoking reduces the release of prostacyclin, making it easier for platelets to adhere and aggregate on the arterial wall. Smoking can also cause abnormalities in the patient's cholesterol and cause atherosclerosis. The nicotine in tobacco can directly act on the coronary arteries and myocardium, causing arterial spasm and myocardial damage in smokers.
When alcohol enters the drinker's body , it will stimulate the central nervous system to become excited, accelerate blood flow, stimulate the heart , and cause tachycardia . Alcohol can also directly damage the myocardium, reduce the contractility of the myocardium, lead to arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, heart failure and other symptoms, and even trigger acute attacks in patients with heart disease. Therefore, if you have heart disease, you must stop smoking and drinking.
In addition, menopausal women should also be careful about the "visit" of heart disease. Generally speaking, menopause will not directly cause heart disease , but as hormones, especially estrogen, decline, it will cause abnormal blood lipids and blood pressure , accelerating the development of arteriosclerosis. Estrogen can protect the heart. Without this "bodyguard", the chance of the heart suffering from coronary heart disease will also increase.
Heart disease is a type of disease that is prone to sudden attacks and requires every second to rescue. Being able to master some self-rescue methods will play a very important role at critical moments. So when you or your family members have a heart attack, how should you help yourself or ? In addition to dialing the 120 emergency number immediately , there are also the following points to keep in mind.
If you are a patient with a history of supraventricular tachycardia (supraventricular tachycardia) , you can first try coughing and irritating the throat wall to induce nausea , wash your face with cold water , or repeatedly hold your breath and exhale after taking a deep breath ;
Finally, if chest pain lasts for a long time, is accompanied by violent sweating and a sense of dying, , and the nitroglycerin content fails, you need to be alert to acute myocardial infarction . At this time, be sure to keep the patient lying down, provide mechanical oxygen if possible, and chew 300 mg aspirin at the same time. Keep the phone open with 120 emergency personnel and seek medical attention as soon as possible.
After reading this, do you think that heart disease is an extremely dangerous disease? In fact, this is not necessarily the case. As Teacher Zhou told Aunt Li above, there is no need to worry too much about cardiac abnormalities such as premature beats. In addition to premature beats, there is no need to worry about the following "heart diseases", let alone over-treatment.
2. Doctor: Don’t worry too much about these three kinds of “heart disease”, let alone over-treat them!
In people's stereotype , heart disease is a common disease that causes sudden death, and it can also seriously reduce the patient's quality of life and life cycle .But if it is the following "heart disease", does not need to worry too much about , because they are not as serious as imagined.
. Premature heart beats
Let’s first talk about the “premature heart beats” that Aunt Li’s little granddaughter suffers from. In fact, most premature contractions in clinical practice are benign , which can be intuitively confirmed through dynamic electrocardiogram . If there are fewer premature beats, can even be used without special processing .
Premature contractions are also called premature contractions. Although patients with coronary heart disease, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and rheumatic heart disease are high-risk groups for premature beats, they also occur in normal people . Usually, when people take some cardiotonic drugs and diuretics due to other diseases, premature beats can also be induced.
Premature beats like these usually have no symptoms and are only discovered accidentally during physical examinations and other examinations. Therefore, for people who have no other abnormal heart symptoms, premature beats and do not require special treatment.
. Sinus arrhythmia
Sinus rhythm is a signal sent by the sinoatrial node to stimulate the heart to beat regularly. Normally it is 60 to 100 times/minute . When this signal loses its regularity and neatness , it is called " sinus arrhythm". But even so, it is still a normal and healthy heart rate .
Since the signal sent by the sinoatrial node is controlled by the sympathetic nerve and vagus nerve, when the sympathetic nerve excites , the heart rate of is faster ; when the vagus nerve of excites , the heart rate of is slower . When you are awake during the day,exercise, excitement, and drinking coffee and strong tea will all excite the sympathetic nerve; while when you fall asleep at night,, the heart rate will slow down, so sinus arrhythmia is a normal heart rhythm, and no special treatment is needed..
. Brady heart rate
Regarding the issue of bradycardia, we need to look at it dialectically. If the heart rate is only slightly slower , it is a beneficial and harmless thing for the heart. The number of heartbeats per unit time is called "heart rate". Under normal circumstances, a normal person's heart rate is between 60 and 100 beats per minute. If is lower than 60 beats per minute, it is considered "brady heart rate" .
Generally speaking, as long as a doctor confirms that has no other physical abnormalities, a resting heart rate of around 50 beats per minute is considered normal. This bradycardia is often physiological . For example, for athletes and people who have exercise habits all year round, their heart rates will generally be lower than the normal value.
In addition, when a normal person is in a resting state such as sleep, it is normal if the heart rate is stable at about 50 beats per minute. None of the above conditions are heart diseases and there is no need to worry or treat them.
However, it needs to be emphasized that if the heart rate of a patient with coronary heart disease drops to about 50 beats per minute after taking beta-blockers, as long as the body does not feel uncomfortable or abnormal, then there is no need to worry too much, especially don't stop taking the medicine at will, which will be a very dangerous behavior.
Although none of the above symptoms are true "heart disease," not everyone is so lucky. We still need to pay attention to many aspects in our lives to prevent the occurrence of heart disease.
3. How to prevent heart disease in life?
In 2020, the World Health Organization released a report showing that in the past 20 years, heart disease has remained the "number one killer" that poses a death threat to humans. Preventing the occurrence of heart disease has become the "top health priority" to extend life and improve quality of life. If you want to stay away from heart disease, you might as well start from the following aspects:
First, avoid staying up late. ensures adequate sleep and the habit of going to bed early and getting up early. If possible, you can also take a nap at noon. Staying up late is a very "sad" thing. During this process, the heart does not get the rest it deserves and is still working at full capacity, which increases the oxygen consumption of the myocardium and leads to myocardial ischemia.
Staying up late for a long time will also cause biological clock disorder and endocrine imbalance , which will directly affect the change of heart rate. In severe cases, malignant arrhythmia and even sudden death may occur.
Secondly, eat reasonably . Too much greasy food in life is not "friendly" to the cardiovascular system, especially fried food, which can lead to insufficient blood supply to the heart. Excessive consumption can accelerate the risk of atherosclerosis and lead to coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and other diseases.
In order to prevent heart disease, in addition to eating less greasy food, we must also adhere to the "three lows" principle, that is, low fat, low calories and low cholesterol , eat more fruits and vegetables, drink less drinks such as strong tea and strong coffee that are irritating to the heart and can cause excitement, and strictly quit smoking and limit alcohol .
In addition, you must learn to exercise moderately. You should develop the habit of exercising and regularly. Compared with anaerobic exercise, aerobic exercise is more conducive to maintaining heart health, helping improve cardiovascular function, increase oxygen supply, accelerate metabolism , etc., such as long-lasting brisk walking, jogging, cycling, and swimming , etc., are all good exercise choices.
Finally, you have to learn to control your emotions. In movies and TV dramas, there are often scenes of people falling to the ground due to heart attacks after being hit. In fact, in addition to sudden attacks, negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and pessimism are also very harmful to the heart. For example, when a person is angry, the body's sympathetic nerves are over-excited, causing blood pressure and heart rate to rise, and blood vessels to contract . In severe cases, there is a risk of coronary blood supply being blocked, causing a heart attack. Therefore, you should maintain an optimistic and cheerful attitude at ordinary times, adjust your emotions reasonably, and don't let yourself be "captured" by a bad mood.
4. Summary
When people hear the word "heart disease", they often get confused, but not all heart abnormalities are "diseases". Master more medical knowledge about cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, know how to prevent them in life, and seek help from a doctor in time when problems arise. "prevent with caution and live boldly ". While protecting your heart, manage your own life well and don't scare yourself.
References:
1, "Overweight children are susceptible to heart disease". " Chinese Journal of Social Medicine ". Issue 4, 1998
2, "Menopause Women are more likely to suffer from heart disease". Lu Minghua, Liu Jia. "Healthy Life". 2013 Issue 9
3, "How to Prevent Heart Disease in Daily Life". Dai Qian. "Contemporary Medicine". 2010 Issue 4
