Recently, I saw a report from Guangdong Taiwan Electric Shock News that a 67-year-old uncle Liang often had no flesh. Since 2016, has often had symptoms such as dizziness, weak feet and vomiting. Later, it has been difficult for to get up after squatting down. After examination, it was found that plaques were formed in the internal carotid artery, and caused 70% of the right internal carotid artery to narrow. Hypersensitivity of causes blood flow disorders, causing continuous ischemia and hypoxia in the brain.
Finally, through surgery, peeled out a piece of yellow oil about 4 cm long from the carotid artery. , the 4 cm long yellow oil is the blood vessel plaque in the neck of .
The doctor said that unhealthy eating habits such as eating meat for a long time have caused Mr. Liang to deposit cholesterol and fat in the blood vessels, causing excessive plaques in the blood vessels and blocking the blood vessels. If Mr. Liang does not receive treatment in time, there will be greater health risks.
What is the specific reason that affects the formation and growth of vascular plaques? Are there any other active prevention methods besides surgery? Before answering these questions in detail, we need to understand what vascular plaque is?
1. How do vascular plaques grow?
The human blood vessel endometrium is originally dense, smooth and complete, but when it is damaged, an inflammatory reaction will occur. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood will enter the sublayer of the blood vessel from the damage and then be swallowed by macrophages . forms foam cells and deposits in the vascular endometrium, becoming the lipid core of the hardened plaque.
Because the appearance of these foam cells is small yellowish particles, they look like millet porridge, so they are also called atherosclerosis .
Vascular plaques are generally divided into unstable vascular plaques and stable vascular plaques. Unstable vascular plaques in may fall off at any time, leading to diseases such as thrombosis and cerebral infarction and . This is like an active volcano. If it encounters stress events such as climate change, earthquakes, etc., it will erupt.
Even if the vascular plaque is stable, if the size of the plaque has caused stenosis and occlusion of the blood vessels, or becomes unstable and fall off due to the impact of blood flow and other external factors, it will also cause cerebral infarction and cerebral blood supply .
2. How to know that the plaque is not growing?
Generally speaking, the shape of blood vessel plaques can be checked through medical means such as ultrasound and angiography . In addition to this, when the following "warning signals" appear in the body, you should be careful.
. Leg pain, weakness
Vascular plaques will gradually block blood vessels, hinders blood flow . Because the lower limbs are far away from the heart, when vascular plaques are formed in the body, the lower limbs of will be ischemia, and when patients walk and exercise, they will experience intermittent claudication . is like Mr. Liang mentioned at the beginning, his legs and feet are weak, unable to walk, and even develops to the point of difficulty in getting up.
, dizziness, headache, and even fainting
Most of the blood in the human body flows from the carotid artery to the brain. If the patient has carotid artery plaque , it will block the blood flow, causes insufficient blood supply to the brain, resulting in dizziness, headache, fainting and other symptoms . If carotid artery plaque develops to completely block blood vessels, blood supply to the brain will be interrupted, causing ischemia, hypoxia and even necrosis of the brain tissue.
, palpitations chest tightness
When blood vessel plaques block blood vessels, it causes insufficient blood supply to myocardial , and symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, palpitations and palpitations will occur. These symptoms will be more obvious after strenuous exercise and when the mood is more exciting.
This is because when exercise or mood is more intense, the demand for heart oxygen increases, but due to plaque, the blood vessels are relatively narrow, so oxygen cannot be supplied to heart and lung in time. Severe patients may experience acute myocardial infarction .
In this case, the patient should control the intensity of exercise and labor, while maintaining physical and mental comfort, and avoiding significant emotional ups and downs.
3. What factors can easily accelerate the growth of vascular plaques?
If the human blood vessels are compared to tap water pipes, then the blood vessel plaques are the scale in the tap water pipes. The longer the tap water pipe is used, the thicker the scale in the pipe will be. Therefore, the formation and growth of vascular plaques are related to age.
As early as during adolescence, "lipid patterns" will appear in the endometrium of the blood vessels. "lipid patterns" can be understood as thin scale in the tap water pipe.
If there is no other external factors to stimulate it, it will take at least several decades for to develop into atherosclerosis, and will cause certain obstacles to blood flow.
What are the main external factors that promote the growth of vascular plaques? Clinically, hypertension, , hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, , smoking and drinking are all the main external factors that promote the growth of vascular plaques.
How does the "three highs" promote the growth of vascular plaques?
Lipid metabolism is a very important process to maintain human health. If blood lipid metabolism is disordered, it will stimulate the growth of vascular plaques , inducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases . The "three highs" of are an important reason for destroying lipid metabolism. is manifested as an increase in lipid synthesis and slowing down the decomposition rate.
On the one hand, the "three highs" will harm vascular endothelial cells that maintain normal functioning of vascular function. weakens the anticoagulation effect of vascular endothelial cells , making its anticoagulation and procoagulation effects imbalance. This is like a flat balance, which reduces weights at one end, and the balance will tilt to the other end of the heavy.
anticoagulation effect is weakened, promotes coagulation effect grasps the overall situation, increasing blood consistency, slowing down blood circulation, and seborrheic lipid deposition in the vascular , forming vascular plaques, causing atherosclerosis.
On the other hand, the "three highs" cause lipid metabolism disorders, promotes the increase in the concentration of bad cholesterol, and because the endothelial cells of the vascular are damaged, it is impossible to maintain normal blood circulation, has the elasticity of the blood vessel wall. causes bad cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein to be organically deposited into the sublayer of the vascular endothelial membrane, forming vascular plaques.
When smoking, nicotine in cigarettes will enter the blood vessels, stimulates nerve endings and adrenal glands releases adrenaline and norepinephrine, causing vasoconstriction . When the channel becomes smaller, it will hinder blood flow, and various lipids and other substances are more likely to deposit into the subendolayer of the blood vessels. Moreover, other harmful substances in cigarettes can damage the endothelial cells of blood vessels, reduce the elasticity of blood vessels and promote the growth of vascular plaques.
Long-term drinking of alcohol can also promote blood vessel contraction, abnormal body fat metabolism, and induce cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, in daily life, we should pay attention to controlling blood lipids, blood sugar, blood pressure, insulated cigarettes, and drink appropriately.
3. Want to control the growth of vascular plaques? The doctor gives you 3 suggestions.
. If vascular plaque appears, if you do not actively treat it, it will aggravate atherosclerosis and induce coronary heart disease , myocardial infarction, stroke , etc.
According to National Cardiovascular Disease Center statistics, there are as many as 550,000 sudden cardiac deaths in my country every year. Therefore, it is very important to actively control the growth of vascular plaques.
Quickly read the following content to learn how to actively control the growth of vascular plaques.
. Develop good eating habits
Intake of meat in moderation : Meat can be divided into red meat (i.e. beef, pork, mutton, etc.) and white meat (i.e. chicken, duck, etc.). red meat and processed meat will significantly increase cardiovascular risk.
In daily life, eat less red and processed meat and eat white meat in moderation. In addition, studies have shown that eating fish is beneficial to prevent atherosclerosis. However, the amount of fish consumed should be controlled within a reasonable range. According to the recommendation of the "Diet Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016)", fish can be eaten 300-600 grams per week.
Eat appropriate amount of beans: The protein content in beans is high and contains relatively rich dietary fiber , which has beneficial effects on blood lipids, postprandial blood sugar and insulin reactions. In addition, the variety of biologically active ingredients rich in legumes can improve cardiac metabolism health.
According to a research article published in July 2021 by the European Cardiology Association's journal "Cardiovascular Research" (Cardiovascular Research), the amount of beans consumed by should be controlled within 720 grams per week.
limits the intake of essence grain : "Cardiovascular Research" found that essence grain will increase the risk of cardiovascular disease to a certain extent, and eating whole grains can reduce the risk of dying from coronary heart disease. Therefore, in daily life, grains such as coarse grains with low liter glycemic index can be used as part of the staple food.
Reduce the intake of high-oil and high-sugar foods: Foods rich in saturated fat will increase the risk of atherosclerosis. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016)", adults cook 25g-30g of oil every day and eat less fatty meat and fried foods.
. Strengthen exercise
Exercise can enhance physical fitness, accelerate the metabolism of body fat, sugar and salt, promote the excretion of toxins and garbage in the blood vessels, and play a role in unblocking blood vessels and improving blood vessel occlusion.
Everyone has different physical conditions, so you should choose the right exercise method according to your own situation. Middle-aged and young people can choose to jog, swim, etc., while elderly people can choose to take walks, Tai Chi, square dance and other more soothing exercises. The frequency of exercise should be maintained 4-5 times a week, each time for more than 30 minutes.
. Select appropriate drugs for control, and regularly check that
unstable vascular plaques will rupture, induce platelet aggregation, leading to cardiovascular diseases such as thrombosis.
Therefore, after checking the condition of vascular plaques through medical means, in addition to playing a positive preventive role by improving lifestyle, can also control the growth rate of vascular plaques through taking medicine and other means, so that unstable vascular plaques become stable.
The most commonly used statin drug , which represents drugs such as atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. Statins can effectively reduce cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein and treat atherosclerosis.
Of course, should not be blind in drug selection. You should follow the doctor's instructions and choose the drug that suits you. In addition, we regularly use medical examinations such as ultrasound and angiography to closely observe and pay attention to the condition of vascular plaques.
Summary
Beauty is more important than anything else. Although blood vessel plaques will appear with age, they still need to be actively dealt with. is like if you pay attention to protecting and controlling the source of water, it is helpful to reduce dirt in the water pipe.
The pace of social life is relatively fast at present, and more and more elderly diseases are getting younger. Young people should actively pay attention to their own physical condition and improve their lifestyle. After all, "staying up late for a while" is a good time, but my health is getting worse and worse after staying up late. From now on, get exercise and "worry donuts, pearl milk tea instant noodles", pick up the thermos cup, and drink more hot water.
References:
【1】Liu Wenyi, Zhao Dandan. Stress analysis of atherosclerotic plaques in different positions in the blood vessels[J]. Journal of , Luoyang Institute of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 31(01):89-93.
[2] Zhang Haitao, Tao Tao, Yue Jiangang, He Chengshan, Duan Shifeng. Research on the correlation between the size of cervical vascular plaque area and the degree of coronary stenosis [J]. System Medicine , 2022, 7(17):26-30.DOI:10.19368/j.cnki.2096-1782.2022.17.026.
