Mr. Li, 45 years old, has a very high smoking addiction, and often chews betel nut ; recently, Mr. Li discovered that his oral mucosa was ulcerated. At first, Mr. Li only thought it was caused by oral ulcers, and he didn't care.
Go to the pharmacy to buy some medicines for oral ulcers. After taking the medicine for a few days, the wound on not only did not heal, but instead had a larger area and a hard texture. It also made it easy to bleed if you touch it lightly. The edges of the wound ulcers began to bulge and uneven. Mr. Li could even touch the lumps on the ulcers with his hands and the nodules on . Only then did he realize the seriousness of the problem and decided to go to the hospital for a check-up.
By simply observing the ulcer wound in Mr. Li's mouth, he found that there was severe ulceration and suppuration around the wound, and an unknown lump appeared around the wound. . First, the oral ulcer was eliminated. It was initially suspected that Mr. Li should have had oral malignant tumors.
As a consultation with Mr. Li, he received pain in eating into , dysphagia, , , restricted oral movement, pressing the masses is prone to bleeding, and cancer cells invade the mucosal muscle layer will cause oral bleeding ; Observing Mr. Li's oral hygiene, it was found that Mr. Li had bad teeth and severe coloring, and some teeth were loose. Some teeth in were loose. The comprehensive evaluation of oral hygiene was poor.
Then, a pathological biopsy was performed on Mr. Li's oral wound. At the same time, a deep oral cavity was checked through laryngoscopy . No tumor invasion was found in the deep oral cavity through the waiting examination.
pathological biopsy found squamous cell carcinoma , and cancer cells mainly involve the buccal mucosa. Later, we performed a cervical lymphatic biopsy, with the main purpose of checking whether lymphatic metastasis occurred. The examination results did not find lymphatic metastasis and did not metastasis deep into the oral cavity, but it was found that cancer cells metastasize deep into the muscle layer, and finally confirmed to be stage III buccal membrane cancer.
Since Mr. Li's buccal mucosal cancer has not metastasized to other tissue cells, it is mainly surgical resection treatment. Before and after the operation, chemotherapy, targeted treatment, immunotherapy, and other drugs are needed to inhibit the activity of cancer cells, try to prevent the growth of cancer cells, effectively reduce cancer cell lesions, and improve the success rate of surgery.
surgical resection is very successful. Cancer cells have been effectively controlled after the operation through chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In order to improve the prognosis effect, Mr. Li should quit smoking as soon as possible, maintain oral hygiene, avoid the bad habit of chewing betel nut, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, strengthen physical exercise, and enhance personal physical fitness .
Oral symptoms are often easily ignored by us. Some oral symptoms may be caused by cancer cells. Let us know in detail which three oral symptoms appear, which may be caused by the active cancer cells.
1. These three symptoms of the mouth may occur, and cancer may occur.
The first type: oral ulcers do not heal for a long time
Most common oral ulcers are caused by bacterial infections, which are related to the internal oral environment, poor oral hygiene, and love to eat spicy and irritating foods, which can easily lead to oral ulcers.
Oral ulcers are a self-limiting disease . As long as the oral ulcers are controlled through diet, they can heal themselves. Generally, the oral ulcers with milder symptoms can heal themselves in about a week, and the more serious oral ulcers can be cured in about a month .
. The invasion of cancer cells will not cause self-healing. After cancer cells invade the oral mucosa, they will cause healthy cells of the oral mucosa to become cancerous. The cancer cells will continue to expand, and the surface of the oral mucosa will become larger and larger, resulting in the phenomenon of oral ulcers not healing for a long time.
The above mentioned Mr. Li has oral ulcers. If the oral ulcers of the drug are not treated, they become more and more serious, and the overall phenomenon is unhealed. After going to the hospital for examination, they were finally diagnosed with buccal mucosal cancer. If we have oral ulcers that have not healed for a long time like Mr. Li, we should go to the hospital for examination in time.
The second type: lumps appear in the mouth
When we find a lump in the mouth, it may be caused by cancer cells. Cancer cells will continue to invade healthy mucosal cells. When more and more cancer cells will form lesions in the mucosal membrane, forming cancerous tumours.
Most of the oral cavity are soft tissues. The soft tissue of the oral cavity will infiltrate after being invaded by cells. The invaded cells will have inflammatory reactions. Inflammatory substances and some lesion tissues will cause sclerosis, resulting in inflammatory mass in the oral cavity, and some patients will also experience bleeding .
Mr. Li mentioned above formed a lump in the oral ulcer. There was obvious pain in pressing the lump, and bleeding would occur when touching the lump. After examination, it was finally diagnosed as oral cancer. If we have lumps in our mouth like Mr. Li, accompanied by pain and bleeding, please go to the hospital for examination in time to avoid missing the best treatment period.
The third type: "erythema, white spot" and other wounds
Red spots and white spots appear in the oral mucosa, which may be caused by fungi or early symptoms of oral cancer. The mucosa has white spots and erythema phenomenon, which is caused by external stimulation of the mucosa. Both physical stimulation and chemical stimulation can cause mucosa leukoplakia , fungi and viruses can also cause leukoplakia in the mucosa.
Some people who like to eat hot food and spicy food are prone to mucosal erythema or white spots . If we find that erythema and white spots tend to become hard, it may be caused by cancer. There are erythema and white spots in the mouth. Go to the hospital in time to check what causes it; White spot erythema caused by cancer cells often have rapid lesions, invading surrounding tissues, causing erosion in the surrounding tissues . If this happens, you should go to the hospital for examination in time.
The above three symptoms may be pre-stage symptoms of cancer cells. They should be screened in time to avoid missing the best treatment period. Pay attention to avoiding the causes of oral cancer in daily life.
2. What are the causes of oral cancer?
. Unhealthy eating habits
Some spicy and irritating foods can damage the oral mucosa. When it is too hot, it can also cause damage to the oral mucosa. Unhealthy eating habits can lead to physical damage to the oral mucosa. Long-term repeated damage can easily lead to oral mucosa lesions, which will eventually lead to oral cancer.
Oral mucosa is the protective film of the oral cavity. Once the oral mucosa is destroyed, bacterial virus can easily invade oral tissue . Therefore, in order to avoid oral cancer, we should maintain healthy eating habits, avoid interweaving cold and heat, irritate the mouth, and eat less spicy and irritating food.
. Genetic gene
Oral cancer is closely related to genetic genes. If there is oral cancer in the family history, then our risk of oral cancer will increase. This type of population should improve immunity in
in time and prevent oral cancer in time.
. Oral hygiene
Poor environment in the oral can easily lead to bacteria breeding in the oral cavity. Bacteria will constantly stimulate the oral environment, resulting in a decrease in oral immunity. Immunity is the first line of defense against foreign viruses. When oral immunity decreases, the risk of oral cancer will increase.
. Carcinogens
Carcinogens that often contact the mouth include cigarettes, alcohol , betel nut, etc. Both cigarettes and betel nuts contain carcinogens, and the risk of oral cancer in long-term smoking will increase. cigarettes contain radioisotope . Long-term exposure to radioisotopes will cause mucosal lesions in oral tissues; the arsenic, benzene and cadmium in cigarettes are toxic substances and can cause cancer . Mr. Li mentioned above has the bad habit of smoking, which is an important reason for Mr. Li's oral cancer.
Mr. Li also has the habit of chewing betel nut. Regular chewing betel nut has a great impact on our biting muscles. Betel nut also contains a large amount of carcinogenic ingredients, which increases the risk of oral cancer. Chewing betel nut for a long time will rub the oral mucosa, resulting in fibrosis and hyperplasia of the oral mucosa. Fibrogenesis will increase the risk of oral mucosa lesions . Arecaine and arecaine contain carcinogens. Mr. Li often chews betel nuts and was eventually diagnosed with oral cancer. In addition to the above reasons that may cause oral cancer, HPV virus can also cause oral cancer.
Once oral cancer occurs, it may threaten our life and health. Early oral cancer will seriously affect the quality of life. Therefore, we must prevent it as soon as possible in the face of oral cancer.
3. What issues should be paid attention to when preventing oral cancer?
) Oral hygiene is very important
Poor oral hygiene is an important cause of oral cancer. Therefore, we must pay attention to oral hygiene. Generally speaking, oral cleaning should be performed twice a day, and brushing teeth in the morning and evening is very important. It can also help clean oral hygiene with mouthwash.
) Avoid stimulating the oral mucosa
Maintain healthy eating habits, eat less sharp and irritating foods, eat less spicy and irritating foods, eat less too cold and too hot foods, Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, supplement vitamin , effectively help the gingival mucosa enhance immunity ; cigarettes and betel nuts will stimulate the oral mucosa, and you should be less exposed to these substances.
) Strengthen physical exercise
Enhance immunity is an important method to prevent cancer. Whether it is to treat cancer or prevent cancer immunotherapy, it is very important. However, before cancer occurs, we can also perform immune exercises ourselves, and exercise can effectively enhance our own immunity.
) Vaccination with HPV vaccine
In order to avoid oral cancer inducing HPV virus, we can get vaccinated. HPV vaccine can not only avoid oral cancer, but may prevent vaginal cancer, anal cancer, etc., and women can also prevent cervical cancer . The selection of
HPV vaccine can be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.
There is cancer in the body, the mouth is prophet, oral ulcers in the mouth cannot heal for a long time, lumps in the mouth due to unknown reasons, and erythema or white spots in the oral mucosa. These three oral symptoms may be that the cancer cells are "active". You should go to the hospital in time to check whether it is caused by oral cancer.
The above mentioned Mr. Li developed oral ulcers, which lasted for a long time and had an unknown lump. He went to the hospital for examination and was finally diagnosed with oral cancer of the buccal mucosa. People who had the above three symptoms like Mr. Li should be screened in a timely manner.
Literature reference:
[1] Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. Chinese Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2010, 8(2):98_105.
[2] Wu Ruyu. Analysis of clinical epidemiological risk factors for 424 patients with oral cancer [J]. Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine , 2018, 028(005):150-152.
