Today is September 26 World Contraceptive Day .
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (2020) stated that common and safe contraceptive methods include condoms, male ligation, female ligation, intrauterine device, subcutaneous implantation contraceptives and short-acting contraceptive pills, etc.
It seems that I often hear from the stories of people around me that a woman has undergone contraceptive surgery, but I don’t seem to have heard of male ligation much.
It feels because male ligation is always terrifying.
So today KY plans to have a good chat about what male ligation is.
male What exactly is sexual ligation?
In fact, for married couples who have children and do not have a long-term parenting plan, or DINK , male ligation is one of the options for long-term contraception.
According to data from the American Academy of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) and WHO (WHO) (2011), the success rates of contraceptive methods are:
subcutaneous implantation of contraceptive 99.5% for women;
male ligation contraceptive 98.5%;
female ligation contraceptive 95%;
short-term contraceptive 91%;
condom 82%. The theoretical success rate of
* condom is 98%, but due to the correct operation, the average actual success rate will be relatively low. The success rate of
is second only to the contraceptive method of subcutaneous implantation, and is one of the valid contraceptive methods that have been verified.
(Infiltration surgery: push the implanter containing progesterone into the skin to inhibit ovulation.)
But the word ligation may sound frightening. Because when we perform sterilization surgery on pets, we usually remove the testicles or uterus directly, which is an physiological castration surgery.
So whenever I hear the word "male ligation", I may feel a cool breeze floating in my "birth", worried about whether I will become a eunuch.
In fact, simply put, male ligation is a surgery to block Mi Qingzi's pathway, and it has nothing to do with castration.
After anesthesia, the doctor will pick out the vas deferens from the scrotum and cut it short, and finally tie both ends completely to prevent Mi Qingzi from leaking out. And those blocked Mi Qingzi will actually be naturally absorbed by the human body. It is a minor operation that takes about 10 minutes to half an hour.
But in men, fear of this surgery is common. They will mistakenly think that this means the end of male fertility , and are very afraid that this will change their masculinity and even their male identity.
In 2018, there was a study on male ligation fear in China. At that time, the study recruited 485 men who had ligation and 2,425 who had not had ligation and conducted a questionnaire survey on them, hoping to find out whether they were afraid of ligation and where did this fear come from.
(Editor: It feels a bit wonderful to classify men by ligation and not ligation [dog head].)
The results show that their fear of ligation is actually caused by due to inadequate preoperative consultation. For example, men cannot obtain specific surgical information, how to do the surgery, how long does anesthesia take, or have certain misunderstandings about ligation surgery, etc.
Today, let us use rigorous science to break the men’s fear of being ligated.
flash common misunderstandings in male ligation
misunderstanding 1: Misconception that it will affect sexual function.
Fact 1: Not.
The male bulimus is a combination of hormones, penis structure and nervous system in the body. Only when the penis is completely congested and reaches a certain hardness can it be completed (Panchatsharam, 2021). Since male ligation surgery physically blocks the vas deferens and does not affect the hormones and the operation of in the nervous system, will not let us "not lifting".
Even, some studies have shown that after male ligation surgery, the chance of unexpected pregnancy is greatly reduced, and the psychological burden of men is relatively reduced, and Boli function is even better than before surgery. In the self-score of , the average score of men before surgery was 27.2, while the score after surgery was 28.5 (Mohamad Al-Ali, 2014).
Misunderstanding 2: Misunderstanding that ligation will prevent you from producing rice greens.
Factory 2: Ligation will not cause men to lose their ability to produce sperm, but the semen ejaculated does not contain Mi Qingzi.
It should be emphasized that ligation surgery only closes the channel of Mi Qingzi's output, and does not completely block Mi Qingzi's production. Mi Qingzi is produced by the testicles and seminal vesicles, and these glands and vas deferens exist independently in the scrotum, so ligation surgery will not affect Mi Qingzi.
But when Mi Qingzi is continuing to produce and there is no way to go, where will they go?
Urology experts say that when miqingzi is blocked, miqingzi will die and be absorbed and dissolved by the epididymis at the same time. is a natural metabolism process in the body. That is, even if we do not perform male ligation, those Mi Qingzi who remain in the duct after ejaculation will also be absorbed by our bodies.
And, there is only 10% miqingzi in the semen, and the rest are secretions from different glands. Ligation will not cause men to lose their ability to produce sperm. is just that the semen ejaculated does not contain Mi Qingzi.
Experts also said that the body's absorption of miqingzi will not interfere with the testicles' secretion of hormones or cause any future potential urinary system diseases (Austin Urology Institute, 2020).
Misunderstanding 3: Misunderstanding that there will be a higher chance of getting prostate cancer .
Fact 3: Prostate cancer has nothing to do with male ligation.
There is another rumor that makes people afraid of male ligation surgery - After surgery, you are more likely to develop prostate cancer.
But in fact, studies show that there is no necessary relationship between prostate cancer and male ligation surgery.
In previous related studies, because the number of samples collected was too small, the experimental results showed that the two may be related.
In a 2016 study (Nayan, 2016), 326,607 men aged between 20 and 65 years old were recruited, comparing men who performed ligation and men who did not.
After an average of 11 years of tracking, 3462 men (1843 ligated, 1619 without ligation) accidentally developed prostate cancer, that is, the probability of cancer in ligated and unligated men is the same. Therefore, it can be demonstrated that there is no correlation between male ligation and the development of prostate cancer.
Misunderstanding 4: Misunderstanding that once ligated, it will be permanently ligated.
Factory 4: It can be re-entered, but there are conditions.
Male ligation surgery looks like an irreversible surgery, so many people will also worry, what if they regret it? After all, there is no regret medicine in the world.
But in fact, can reopen after vas deferens ligation, and the success rate is not low. According to the "2020 China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook" (2020), the reopening rate can generally be as high as 80%.
However, the success rate of reopening is also limited by by various conditions, such as the surgical area, the age at reopening and the duration after ligation. According to data from the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK (2018), the success rate of reopening within three years after surgery was 75%, 55% within three years to eight years, while the success rate of reopening within nine to 14 years after surgery was about 44%.
knot 5 cleavage benefits many
Listen to the following: There seems to be only one benefit of male ligation that can be safe and reliable contraceptive, and in addition, all the risks and pains are left. But in fact, male ligation is that can positively affect the sexual experience of both men and women (yes, male! female! both!!).
study results show that after male ligation, men's sexual desire, sexual satisfaction and orgasm experience all increased significantly . Similarly, female sexual arousal, sexual satisfaction, orgasm and sexual desire also significantly improve (Mohamad Al-Ali, 2014).
This may be because the surgery greatly reduces the burden on reproductive and raising men, and also reduces women's fear of unexpected pregnancy. Therefore, both of them can be more involved in the "piston movement", and the satisfaction of sexual experience will also be greatly improved.
Secondly, for couples who need long-term contraception, although ligation and other contraceptive methods will cause more or less damage to the body, by comparing male ligation and female contraceptive methods, men's ligation surgery is easier and safer.
For example, male ligation surgery requires a small incision on the scrotum, which is shorter. For women, ligation requires a wound about 3-4cm long on their stomach before performing surgery, which is more cumbersome.
From the perspective of affecting hormone secretion, the contraceptive principles of women's skin burial and contraceptive pills are used to inhibit ovulation in the body with the help of hormones. Compared with male ligation that does not affect hormone secretion, male ligation is safer.
However, it does not mean that male ligation is a 100% good thing. After all, this is a surgery that invades the body and changes the natural laws, so it still has some risks.
kwatch the risk of male ligation
first, although male ligation can maintain a high success rate of reopening, this does not mean that you have the same fertility ability with a high success rate of . Matt Coward, an urology expert at , said that after successfully reopening the vas deferens, the regeneration rate is likely to decline. That is, even after the vas deferens is reopened, there is no complete guarantee that a new child can be born.
In China, according to data from urologists (2017), about 65.9% of partners successfully became pregnant within two years after reopening.
In addition to the reproduction rate, a small number of men will suffer from different degrees of negative effects on physiologically and psychologically after undergoing ligation surgery.
study showed that (Shaik, 2014), about 1% of men suffer from postoperative pain syndrome (PVPS) after surgery, with symptoms of persistent or intermittent scrotal pain within 3 months after surgery. This pain may also induce psychological complications, such as depression, irritability, and physical symptoms.
So, whether to undergo male ligation surgery really needs to be considered clearly.
test Before considering ligation,
questions you need to think clearly
. Consider whether you have a long-term contraception needs
First of all, under the basis of better understanding of male ligation, both husband and wife can include this as a safe means of contraception in addition to condoms.But before actually having a ligation surgery, you still need to communicate carefully with your partner and clarify whether you really have a need for long-term contraception or sterilization.
Although male ligation can reunify and reborn, it always has a certain degree of risk, so you must think twice before making the final decision.
. Discuss the appropriate ligation time for both parties with your partner
Since the success rate and rebirth rate of male ligation are both limited by time, generally has the highest success rate and rebirth rate within three years, so it is very necessary for both husband and wife to plan their own long-term contraception time.
For example, if you have made it clear that you will not want to have a child for ten or twenty years, you can decisively choose male ligation surgery. But if it is not certain at the moment, if the partners have a birth plan for a long time in the future, it is best to carefully consider which stage of the relationship the golden three years of surgery should be placed.
. Looking for professional consultation
If you are sure that you are willing to undergo ligation surgery, it is recommended that both spouses go to the hospital together and consult a professional doctor to clarify whether their physical condition is suitable for ligation surgery.
and, according to research (Jacobsohn, 2022), some medical research teams are also preparing to develop and put into testing of male contraceptive pills , and the contraceptive methods in the future will be more abundant and effective. So with the help of professional doctors, we can correctly choose the right contraceptive method that suits us.
Finally, KY wants to emphasize that no matter which surgery it is, it will have different degrees of impact on our body and also have different risks. There are many ways to contraceptive, suitable for people with different contraceptive needs. Only when choosing the right contraceptive method is this a way to ensure the safety of yourself and your family, and it is also something that partners need to really consider.
