Source | Cyber Blue (Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited)
Written by Chunhao Wang Yi
Just now (June 28), The National Health Commission issued the "About the Issuance of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Prevention and Control Plan (Ninth) (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice").
Industry insiders said that compared with the previous eight editions, this is the edition that has changed the most.
Tan Xiaodong, a professor at the School of Public Health of Wuhan University, told Saibolan that compared with the eighth edition, the ninth edition is generally "more targeted and is completely formulated for the mysterious Kron mutant strain; secondly, it is more targeted." Nationally, it is more operable; third, the guidance is more detailed, and the national chess game, including the previous nine inaccuracies in national epidemic prevention and control, has been unified into the ninth version. "
" is mainly at the national level, based on the epidemic situation at home and abroad. The research and judgment, including some summaries of the effectiveness of our country’s prevention and control measures, are generally very feasible,” Tan Xiaodong added.
The ninth version of the prevention and control plan has nearly 30 pages more content than the eighth version, mainly focusing on four aspects, namely: optimizing and adjusting the isolation management period and methods of risk personnel; unifying the standards for the delineation of closed control areas and medium- and high-risk areas. ; Improve epidemic monitoring requirements; optimize regional nucleic acid detection strategy (details are as follows) .
Specifically, the isolation and control time for close contacts and immigrants has been adjusted from the previous "14+7" to "7+3", but the number of nucleic acid tests has increased; the "three zones" have been cancelled: closed area, controlled area, prevention zones, and unify the standards for high, medium and low-risk areas; adds antigens as a supplement to nucleic acid testing in primary medical institutions; real-name registration is required for the purchase of "four major categories" of drugs in online and offline pharmacies; the state has established a team to investigate violations of the "nine-level" regulations for epidemic prevention and control in various places. "Not allowed" to conduct inspections, etc.
However, the above adjustments are not a relaxation of epidemic prevention and control, but a scientific and precise prevention and control based on the epidemiological characteristics of the new coronavirus.
Since the "three zones" were proposed in September 2021, various regions have begun to adapt to local conditions and proactively explore a third path that is different from "precision prevention and control" and "city closures": for example, Shanghai has moved from the "minimum prevention and control zone 15" to precise prevention and control. From "milk tea shop with an area of square meter" to "blocking the river and sealing it" with Huangpu River as the line, and then to "nine-square grid" prevention and control management.
Nucleic acid testing in various regions has also changed from two tests every three days, to 72-hour nucleic acid testing when entering and exiting public places, and then nucleic acid results are valid for 7 days; health codes in various regions have corresponding new changes. For example, Hubei Province is divided into " "Light green", "dark green", "light blue", etc.
Epidemic prevention and control has become normalized. At present, BA.2 is still the main popular strain in China, but according to expert estimates, this summer, a new wave of epidemics caused by BA.4 and BA.5 strains may usher in. Overseas The input pressure is still very high.
01
Close contact and entry quarantine were adjusted to "7+3"
Why were they suddenly adjusted to "7+3"?
The latest research shows that the average incubation period of Omicron mutant strains is shortened, mostly 2-4 days; and in the eighth edition, according to the epidemiological survey and research results of the new coronavirus strain faced at that time, the incubation period of new coronavirus pneumonia The duration is 1-14 days, mostly 3-7 days; the contagiousness is relatively strong in the 1-2 days before onset and in the early stages of onset.
From this point of view, the country’s adjustment based on the characteristics of the new coronavirus strain is a more precise means of prevention and control.
At present, the prevalent strain in many places in my country is still Omicron BA.2, but according to the global situation, BA.5, BA.2, and BA.4 are still prevalent. This time, Macau has reported more than 400 cases in total. Wang Wenling, a researcher at the Institute of Viral Diseases of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that the epidemic in Macau, my country, was caused by the BA.5 mutant strain.
Virology expert Chang Rongshan predicted, “Our country has now ushered in the third wave of the epidemic, but from an epidemiological point of view, the hospitalization rate, severe illness rate and mortality rate caused by BA.5 are lower than those caused by BA.1 and BA.2."
In the ninth edition, the isolation and control time of close contacts and immigrants has been adjusted from "14 days of centralized isolation medical observation + 7 days of home health monitoring" to "7 days of centralized isolation medical observation + 3 days of home health monitoring", and nucleic acid testing The measures were adjusted from "nucleic acid testing and collection of nasopharyngeal swabs on the 1st, 4th, 7th and 14th days of centralized isolation and medical observation, and double sampling and testing before release from isolation" to "centralized isolation and medical observation on days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7". "Nucleic acid test and oral and throat swab collection on the third day of Tianhe's home health monitoring." Dual sampling and double testing are not required before the centralized isolation medical observation is lifted.
Close contact control measures have been adjusted from "7 days of centralized isolation medical observation" to "7 days of centralized isolation medical observation" "Days of home isolation and medical observation", nucleic acid testing on days 1, 4 and 7.
However, the transmissibility and immune evasion ability of the new coronavirus Omicron variant strains BA.4 and BA.5 are slightly enhanced.
"Once the southern city Even if they are penetrated, the number of people will not be small. Moreover, the trend of the epidemic in Macau is still unclear. It is still difficult to judge how long it will take for the first nucleic acid test number to return to zero and maintain it. If it cannot reach zero and maintain it within 20 days to a month, then the prevention and control in the second half of the year will According to the ninth version of the epidemic prevention and control plan, investment in epidemic prevention and control will be increased in cities affected by the epidemic. "Chang Rongshan added.
"At present, there is no complete data on the fatality rate and severity rate of the Omicron variant strains BA.4 and BA.5 in various countries, and further monitoring is needed," Tan Weidong said.
02
Cancel "District Three" "The new risk management and control plan will be uniformly used across the country
This "Notice" will form a new risk area delineation and control plan - the two types of risk area delineation standards and prevention and control measures will be connected and corresponding, and the concept of medium and high risk areas will be uniformly used.
In September 2021, the Comprehensive Team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council clearly required in the "New Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic Community Prevention and Control Plan" that once a local epidemic occurs, communities (including administrative villages) must be accurately divided into closed and controlled areas, control areas, and Three types of prevention and control areas in the prevention area.
Although the "Three Areas" have been adjusted in this "Notice", the definition and personnel requirements for medium and high-risk areas are more detailed. The specific adjustment plan is as follows:
03
Add 3 epidemic prevention and control items New means
1, increase the frequency of nucleic acid testing for high-risk occupational groups
Adjust the nucleic acid testing of personnel who have direct contact with entry personnel, items, and the environment to once a day, and adjust the nucleic acid testing of employees with dense personnel, frequent contacts, and high mobility It is twice a week.
At the same time, for staff in centralized isolation places, medical staff in fever clinics at designated medical institutions and general medical institutions still need to conduct nucleic acid testing once a day.
At the same time, the "Notice" emphasizes that after the local epidemic occurs. , Increase the frequency of nucleic acid testing based on the risk of epidemic spread
2. Added new drug monitoring requirements
When a local epidemic occurs, real-name registration of those who purchase antipyretic, cough, antiviral, antibiotic, cold and other drugs, and urge drug users in a timely manner. Carry out testing.
Previously, in order to play the "sentinel" role of pharmacies in "early detection and early reporting", the "four categories of drugs" were constantly changing between "suspension" and "real-name registration for sale".
The "four categories of drugs" include "antiviral, antibiotics, cough suppressants, and antipyretics." The specific drugs included in the "Four Categories of Drugs" vary from province to province, but there are many types involved. For example, the "Four Categories of Drugs" guidance catalog issued during the epidemic prevention and control period in Yantai City, Shandong Province includes 585 kinds of drugs; the "Real-name Registration for Epidemic Prevention and Control of Retail Pharmacies" issued by the Hainan Provincial Food and Drug Administration has antipyretic, cough-relieving, antiviral, and antibacterial drugs. Drug Catalog (April 2022 Edition)", including 57 kinds of drugs.
Many provinces and cities have already carried out real-name registration for the sales of "four types of drugs", and have carried out relevant terminal law enforcement supervision and inspections on pharmacies. The issuance of the "Notice" will further standardize the purchase procedures for this type of drugs, and real-name registration and sales will be clearly required.
3. Adding antigens as a supplement to primary-level nucleic acid testing
The "Notice" mentioned that the nucleic acid testing strategy of "village reporting, township sampling, and county testing" should be implemented. Antigen testing can also be performed simultaneously to detect the epidemic as early as possible.
For a long time, grassroots nucleic acid testing has been under great pressure. Unlike big cities, there are a large number of third-party testing institutions. Once nucleic acid screening is started, primary medical institutions will be under huge pressure in terms of personnel, equipment, laboratories, etc.
Wang Liping, a researcher at the Transmission Prevention and Control Department of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that increasing antigen testing will serve as a supplementary means for epidemic monitoring. It is proposed that primary medical and health institutions can increase antigen testing for suspicious patients and for people in medium- and high-risk areas when handling the epidemic. Through the above multi-channel monitoring mechanism, the sensitivity of regular monitoring can be further improved and early detection of cases can be achieved.
04
proposed a new standard for vaccination
The ninth version of the plan proposed that homologous booster vaccination and sequential booster vaccination cannot be accepted at the same time.
In this regard, Chang Rongshan said that homologous immune boosting and sequential boosting cannot be done at the same time. Mainly refers to the fourth needle. If 90% of the vaccines given in the early stage are inactivated vaccine , according to this regulation, the inactivated vaccine can be given for the third shot, but the recombinant protein vaccine cannot be given for the fourth shot.
Some experts said that "it may indicate a delay in the fourth shot."
Lei Zhenglong, deputy director of the National Health Commission’s Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention and first-level inspector, said that according to the deployment of the State Council’s Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, my country is currently continuing to guide various localities to actively and steadily promote the new crown vaccination work.
As of June 27, a total of 43.4401 million doses of new crown vaccine have been reported across the country. The total number of people vaccinated has reached 1.294045 million. 1.260501 million people have been fully vaccinated. 91.79% and 89.41% of the total population. A total of 790.025 million people have been vaccinated with enhanced vaccinations.
Among them, 41.325 million people were vaccinated with sequential booster immunization. The number of people aged 60 years old and older has been vaccinated to reach 232.733 million, and 220.231 million people have been fully vaccinated. The number of people covered and the number of people fully vaccinated accounted for 88.15% and 83.41% of the elderly population respectively, and 172.501 million people have completed booster immunization.
05
Establish a column and announce the complaint hotline
Implement the latest "Nine Prohibitions"
This press conference emphasized that the comprehensive team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council, together with relevant member units, has established a "layered code" through the department's portal. "Question Column Or a complaint hotline has been announced, and clues to problems that violate the "nine prohibitions" are now being collected from the public. People can make complaints through the website or by phone.
On June 24, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council held a press conference. The country issued the latest "Nine Precautions" for epidemic prevention and control, requiring all localities to implement them. At the same time, the press conference also criticized the recent excessive epidemic prevention behaviors in Hebei, Qinghai, Liaoning and other places.
After that, the comprehensive team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council will specialize in rectifying the problem of "increasing the number of people at all levels" and each member unit will seriously accept and verify the problems of "increasing the number of people at all levels" reported by the public.
Picture source: Healthy China
