temporarily freezes the human body and waits for it to be resurrected 100 years later. This is a common scene in many science fiction novels. So in reality, can the human body really be resurrected after freezing? How did cryonics technology come up? What is the principle of cryopreservation and what is the process? What is the development status and prospects of this technology? Regarding the answers to these questions, if you are interested, read on. New friends, please pay attention not to get lost.
How did the cryonics technology come out? In fact, as early as more than a hundred years ago, explorers discovered the phenomenon of false death of Arctic frogs. When the severe cold falls, the arctic frog will let the body absorb the excess water in the body by itself, making its body look like a piece of dry wood, so that even if it is frozen into an ice brick, once the natural temperature rises back to normal State, it can come back to life. Eyenge, known as the father of cryonics, also put forward in his book "Prospects of Immortality" in 1962: "Death is a gradual process. If the body is frozen fast enough, death is possible. Reversal," This theory inspired a group of bachelors and was put into practice by Robert Nelson five years later, who created the first frozen man on earth-James Bedford.
This move shocked the world. The medical community was inspired and officially opened the research on cryonics technology. The cryonics craze has swept the world, and the United States and Russia have become the main development forces. Take Russia as an example. How does protect the body of the frozen person from damage during the freezing process? is the main problem in the research and development of freezing technology, , and this problem has been successfully solved by Russia.At the beginning, in the minds of medical scientists, people who were frozen could one day be resurrected. This is simply a fantasy. Because in the case of freezing, the water in the body will freeze and expand, puncturing the body tissues, making the body tissues unable to recover completely. The human body cannot remove excess water by itself like an Arctic frog. It's hard to avoid. After that, Russian scientists first used mice for experiments. They quickly frozen the mice under ice water, and then slowly raised the temperature to make the mice's body temperature reach 0°C. They found that in this case, the mice's body was not lethal. Damaged, the mouse came back to life, this discovery made scientists happy. However, ensuring that the human body is not damaged during freezing is much more difficult than resurrecting a mouse. Human cells and structures are different from mice. If water is used for freezing, water crystals will damage human cells even more at low temperatures. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to protect the body with other tools, such as cryoprotectors. So since the 1930s, has developed nearly 300 types of cryoprotectors, and found that if freezes the human body with the inert gas argon, krypton and xenon mixture, body damage can be avoided. When freezes the body, these gases can turn into a gel and melt with the body instead of forming crystals that destroy the biological tissue of . This discovery made a major breakthrough in cryonics technology. In 2006, Russian scientists also applied for related patents for this technology.
A series of researches and practices have proved the feasibility of cryogenic resurrection, so how do scientists actually operate cryonics? Under today's technical conditions, cryonics is divided into three steps in total, first is anticoagulation , which needs to be performed immediately after the death of the patient. First, inject anticoagulant, antioxidant and central nervous nutrition drugs into the human body.Secondly, quickly infuse ice salt water into the circulatory system to physically cool the human body by . At the same time, start the ventilator and cardiopulmonary resuscitation machine and other cardiopulmonary support equipment to ensure the body's blood supply and oxygen supply, maintain the body's physiological functions, and finally It is transferred to the operating room for perfusion. The second step of freezing is perfusion , this step is to replace the blood with the protective solution. Before perfusion, a dual-channel cardiopulmonary bypass was established in the neck and thighs to lower the body temperature of the human body to about 18 degrees. After reaching the appropriate body temperature, inject antifreeze into the human body and increase the concentration continuously to make the antifreeze thicker and thicker. At the same time, continue to cool down until the antifreeze condenses into a solid, but the human body does not freeze at this time. Ice, the entire perfusion process takes 5-6 hours. After is perfused, the temperature is lowered . liquid nitrogen steam or dry ice is used to quickly cool the body of the frozen person, so that the body temperature is reduced to about 190 degrees, and then the body is preserved by liquid nitrogen In the environment of minus 196 degrees, finally waited for a suitable time to rebuild its life . This suitable time is the time to solve the technical problems of resuscitation. Scientists need to solve two major problems on the road to the recovery of frozen humans: replacement of the human body and replacement of information in the brain . First, the frozen human needs a new limb after being resurrected, so where does this new limb come from? Is it necessary to deprive others of the right to use their bodies to support the resurrected? Secondly, to make frozen people awake, new information must be injected into their brains. Then whose brain information should be replaced? Is it a scientist or a tramp? And facing this situation,Is it necessary to establish detailed laws and regulations in advance? There is currently no solution to these various problems, and the day when the frozen man wakes up is far away.
China has also achieved certain results in cryonics technology in recent years. In 2017, Shandong Yinfeng Life Science Research Institute and Shandong University Qilu Hospital jointly took over the first patient who was frozen in China and awaiting resuscitation. Prior to this, Chongqing female writer, one of the editors of the science fiction novel trisomy Du Hong was the first person in China to accept freezing technology . However, it was Alcor, one of the world's largest frozen human research institutions, that performed the operation on her, and she only frozen her brain. Therefore, this female patient from Shandong is the first person to perform whole body cryotherapy on a native human body in China.
Do you want to do cryonics technology now? How much does it cost? There are three well-known institutions in the world that are researching cryonics technology, namely Alcor Life Continuity Fund , which was established in 1972. More than 100 people are frozen, and the minimum cost of whole body freezing is 20. Ten thousand U.S. dollars. And American cryonics organization , which was established in 1976, the number of people frozen is about 100, the minimum cost of whole body freezing is 155,000 US dollars, and the last one is kriorus , which was established in 2005, and there is no public announcement of the number of frozen people. , Whole body freezing starts at US$28,000. However, these institutions have one thing in common, , that is, they all just freeze, and do not promise to revive . As for the development of cryonics technology in other countries, European national laws stipulate that scientists are not allowed to conduct cryonics experiments, so there is currently no progress. However, China started late, and all researches are still being explored. However, Chinese scientists have successfully mastered the cryopreservation technology and cryopreservation technology of pig embryos, which shows that the prospect of freezing technology is still very good. This time, the first local whole body freezing case can also bring new breakthroughs in research.
Cryogenic resurrection not only tests the technology of scientists, but may also encounter ethical dilemmas . For example, how should the resurrection of frozen people adapt to the new era, and if the technology of frozen resurrection is promoted, with the bearing capacity of the earth, can it accommodate so many people? Therefore, both from the technical and ethical and legal aspects, cryonics technology is struggling. Where does this technology go in the future? If you have any thoughts on the cryonics resurrection technology, please leave a message in the comment section below to discuss it together.
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