" He has a surprisingly intelligent life and widely explores areas and research topics that no one has visited. He has achieved extraordinary achievements in any field involved in his life. He has been compared to the psychology community Picasso, Van Goght , and even Einstein. The psychology community has a new look because of him. ." psychologist Schacht praises Festinger so much.
Festinger is a famous American social psychologist . He is known as the "godfather of social psychology" . In 1939, Festinger received a bachelor's degree in psychology from the Municipal University of New York . Later, I went to Iowa University and studied under "the father of social psychology" Lewin . As a favorite student of Lewin, many of his psychological theories have a strong Lewin style.
1954, he proposed social comparison theory . He believed that individuals in groups will compare themselves with others in the group to determine their self-worth. The social environment will affect individual choices to compare upward or downward. For example: When you are in school, your abilities are outstanding, but when you compare yourself with every individual in the entire society, you may feel that you are not that excellent.
However, Festinger's greatest influence on psychology is the cognitive dissonance theory proposed by him. In 1957, Festinger mentioned in his book "Theory of Cognitive Dissonance" that the conflict between the old and new cognitions will cause individuals to feel uncomfortable. In order to eliminate this discomfort, individuals will adopt two ways to solve it. One is to deny new cognitions, and the other is to increase the credibility of new cognitions and affirm new cognitions. For example: You have always believed that using disposable chopsticks is not environmentally friendly and will damage forest resources. However, when you hear the saying that disposable chopsticks will not affect forest deforestation, you will be shocked. So, you searched for information and found that the raw material of disposable chopsticks is Quick-growing forest , which will not affect forest resources.
Later, Festinger also proposed that the degree of stress discomfort caused by cognitive is determined by the importance of the cognition to your life , Since you cannot change the behavior you have completed, you have to change your attitude to reduce cognitive dissonance . means that you refuse to use disposable chopsticks for a long time to protect the environment, but after accepting new knowledge, you comfort yourself that the behavior of not using disposable chopsticks before is also a manifestation of saving.
cognitive dissonance theory is very helpful for us to study the spread of rumors now. devastating rumor does not increase anxiety, but makes the information recipient confirm anxiety . When you cannot confirm whether a certain information is accurate, it will still make you feel scared, and the new and old cognitive dissonances, while the information confirmed by others will reduce cognitive dissonances . Simply put, the saying of the end of the world is spreading on a large scale, but without scientific basis, some people cannot determine whether the statement is accurate, and they will unconsciously connect some information with this statement and believe the rumors.
Reference in this article:
Festinger "Conflict, Decision and Improperty"
Chi Yukai "Hizzy! The Great Master of Psychology is here》
OK, that’s all for today’s content. If you want to learn more about psychology, you can try to read more relevant materials, or try to learn basic training courses for psychological counselors and learn some systematic psychology knowledge.
Sanjunyuan, see you, me and him! Learn a little psychology every day to let you understand yourself better!
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