The famous "Difficult to Curse Water" incident in history is the process of one dynasty replacing another dynasty. On July 18, 1661, King Mangbai, who fled to Myanmar, sent a message to Zhu Youlang, who fled to Myanmar, and held a large Hongmen Banquet, asking him to cross the river tomorrow, drink the water and make a vow to make friends.
Zhu Youlang and some ministers saw that there was a fraud, but they were dependent on others and dared not to go. They had to order Grand Secretary Ma Jixiang , Minister Mu Tianbo and other civil and military officials to go to the appointment. The next morning, Ma Jixiang and others came to the tower of the Burmese Army's garrison and were surrounded by the 3,000 Burmese Army. Seeing that something was wrong, Mu Tianbo immediately took the knife and resisted. In the end, 42 officials of all sizes were outnumbered. The Burmese army rushed to Zhu Youlang's residence and chased more than 300 followers.
1, the Southern Ming Emperor was disbanded
After the Chongzhen regime of the Ming Dynasty was overthrown by Li Zicheng , the southern Ming Dynasty old ministers "restrained the king" under the banner of anti-Qing and restoring Ming , and successively supported four descendants of the Ming Dynasty, known in history as the "Southern Ming". However, under the attack of the Qing army, the revival of Ming Dynasty by King Fu King Fu Zhu Yousong, King Lu Zhu Yihai, and King Tang Zhu Weijian quickly failed.
At the end of the third year of Shunzhi (1646), King of Gui Zhu Youlang proclaimed himself emperor in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, and established the Yongli Dynasty of the Southern Ming Dynasty with Yongli as the year name. Shortly after the founding of the dynasty, the Qing army arrived again. Emperor Yongli was unable to resist and had to give up Guangdong and travel to Guizhou, Guangxi and Yunnan. In December 1658, Kunming, Nanming established the Dian Capital, but unexpectedly, the three Qing troops led by Wu Sangui and chased them to Yunnan. Zhu Youlang was already desperate at this time. In order to save his life, he followed the advice of Ma Jixiang and others and fled to Myanmar in a hurry in the first month of 1659, hoping to have a peaceful life in Myanmar.
The Myanmar authorities agreed to accept Emperor Yongli, but asked the civil and military officials of the Southern Ming Dynasty to disarm before they could enter the territory. So Zhu Youlang ordered more than 2,000 civil and military officials from all over the world to put down their weapons and rewarded the Myanmar authorities with a lot of property. But the Myanmar authorities are not completely relieved. The Burmese people understood that the Yongli court still regarded itself as the sect leader, but in fact it was fleeing.
In order to avoid the difficulty of etiquette, the King of Burma refused to receive the envoy and sent only the Han people to communicate information. The general news took out the imperial edict issued to Myanmar during the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty and checked it with the Yongli edict brought by Ma Xiongfei and Wu Changqi. It was found that the size of the jade seal was slightly different, so it became suspicious of the orthodox status of the Yongli court. Fortunately, Mu Tianbo, who was guarding Yunnan, carries the seal of the General of the South that passed down from generation to generation. This seal was often used in documents of exchanges with the chieftains and border countries in the southwest in the Ming Dynasty. The Myanmar authorities only resolved their doubts after comparing them and allowed Emperor Yongli and his entourage to stay in the territory temporarily.
2. The new king of Myanmar coup felt that the Yongli etiquette was not good
When Zhu Youlang and others first arrived in Myanmar, although there were not many soldiers around, there were still tens of thousands of troops from Li Dingguo resisting the Qing soldiers, and were received by the more kindness of the Burmese monarch and ministers. The following year, Li Dingguo's army was defeated steadily, with most of the soldiers killed and injured, and they were unable to protect the Yongli regime. The attitude of the Myanmar authorities has gradually changed. Just at this time, a court coup occurred in Myanmar, and King Mangda, who is quite friendly to the Yongli regime, was executed.
On May 23, 1661, the younger brother of the Burmese king, Mangbai, launched a court coup with the support of his ministers, executed Mangda and proclaimed himself king. The new king saw many ministers coming to congratulate him, but Zhu Youlang was very angry before he arrived. In fact, Zhu Youlang didn't want to come, but because he was in a dilemma and couldn't come up with many decent gifts. But Mangbai thought they were not like poor people at all, and felt that they were cheating on themselves. The king's attitude towards Zhu Youlang and others also changed, and in addition, the Yongli regime was over, so he had the idea of getting rid of them.
Mangbai gave the excuse that Zhu Youlang did not send a gift, so he sent an envoy to ask for it. As a result, he didn't get anything. He ordered the envoy to blame him in person: "I have worked hard for three years. Your emperor and ministers should thank me a lot. In May of the previous year, my king planned to kill you, but I would still refuse. You people are ungrateful to repay you." After saying that, he left angrily. The Yongli officials tried their best to defend themselves, but the other party was unmoved, and the relationship between the two parties gradually deteriorated.
3, "Shui" oath Mu Tianbo and other important officials died
Having said that, under the insistence of Myanmar, the Southern Ming Dynasty still had to send people. But who will go to the appointment? Zhu Youlang finally decided to go with Grand Secretary Wen'an Hou Ma Jixiang, eunuch Li Guotai and others, but the two proposed to go with Qian Guo Duke Mu Tianbo. Mu is a person valued by the chieftains in the southwest border. Ma Jixiang and others believe that Mu Tianbo is present, so there will be no accidents. The Burmese monarch and ministers reluctantly agreed to achieve their plans.
At dawn the next day, Ma Jixiang and others summoned officials from all over the river to the Burmese Army's garrison tower, preparing to "drink water" and leave only 13 internal officials and lame generals Deng Kai guarded the "palace". In the morning, civil and military officials arrived at the tower and were surrounded by 3,000 Burmese soldiers. The Myanmar commander ordered people to drag Mu Tianbo out of the encirclement. Mu Tianbo knew that there were variables, so he seized the sword of the guard and fought back, killing nine Burmese soldiers; generals Wei Bao, Wang Sheng and Wang Qilong also grabbed the firewood stick and fought back, but they were all killed because they were outnumbered.
All other officials who were deceived to "drink curse water" were killed, including Ma Jixiang, Ma Xiongfei, Wang Weigong, General Wang Zijin, Chen Qian, etc. The General was appointed as Tongzong An Chaozhu, Jinyiwei's chief officer Ren Zixin, Jinshu Zhang Gongji, Ding Diaoding, etc., Internal officials Li Guotai, Li Maofang, etc., Jiwangfu official Zhang Bozong, etc. Later statistics show that a total of 42 people were killed this time " Curse Water Difficulty ". After the Burmese army murdered the entourages of the Yongli Dynasty, they immediately rushed into the residences of the monarchs and ministers of Yongli, killing more than 300 people, and also looting women of property.
4. The emperor was given as a gift to Wu Sangui
Zhu Youlang hurriedly decided to hang himself with the queen of the Central Palace. Deng Kai, the general guard of the guard, advised: "The Empress Dowager is old and falls in a foreign land. The emperor is already unfaithful to lose the country. Now he is unfilial to abandon the Empress Dowager. Why do you see Emperor Gao underground?" Emperor Yongli gave up his plan to commit suicide.
Finally, the Burmese soldiers gathered 25 people including Emperor Yongli, the Empress Dowager, the Empress, the Prince, etc. in a small house, and insulted the rest of the personnel and the families of the entourage officials. Most of the nobles Liu and Yang of Emperor Yongli, King Ji and concubines, hang themselves to death. When the Burmese soldiers were plundered, the Myanmar ministers were guided by the news and pretended to order the Burmese soldiers: "The king has an order here, so don't hurt the emperor and Duke Mu." However, Mu Tianbo was already killed while "drinking water".
Yong The residence of the imperial court is full of corpses and can no longer live. Myanmar officials asked Zhu Youlang and others to move to another place for temporary residence. There were still more than 200 internal officials and women in Mu Tianbo's house, and they gathered together, "The mother cried her son, the wife cried her husband, and the daughter cried her father, and she was shocked and heard for dozens of miles." After the looting, the survivors were no longer able to live, and the monks from nearby Burmese temples sent food and survived. On the 21st, after the Myanmar side cleared the original residence of the monarch and ministers of Yongli, they asked them to move them back here and brought them food and clothes. On the 25th, he sent a bedding, silver, cloth and other items, saying, "The Burmese King really had no intention. It was because the Jin and Gong vassals killed local people, and the Burmese people hated them to the core, so he took revenge."
Zhu Youlang was completely disappointed with his future after this blow, but he was unwilling to return to his hometown. On November 18, Zhu Youlang said to General Deng Kai: "The Empress Dowager fell ill again. If God's will irreversible, the Tartars come to kill me, so you don't care about the alliance. But I hope you can make the empress dowager's bones return to their hometown." The reason why the Myanmar authorities did not kill Emperor Yongli immediately was because Wu Sangui's army had occupied Yunnan at that time, and he wanted Myanmar to hand over Zhu Youlang.
Myanmar saw that the Qing army was unstoppable, and he also wanted to use this to please the Qing regime. Under Wu Sangui's coercion and inducement, Mangbai sent Zhu Youlang and his family to the Qing army in February of the following year. Wu Sangui took Emperor Yongli and his son back to Kunming, and hanged him in Jinchan Temple in April, and the last dynasty of the Southern Ming Dynasty ended.
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