This article analyzes that under the guidance of the three motivations of promoting India to realize its national interests, promoting India to play a greater role in the G20, and maintaining the primary status of the G20 as an effective tool for global governance, India can prom

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Author | Rajiv Bhatia

Compilation | Wang Ruotong

review | Chen Anlan

editor | Chen Jueke Mu Yifan

Introduction

From December 1, 2022 to November 30, 2023, India will serve as the rotating chairman of G20 for the first time. This article is from "The Hindu". The author believes that the G20 member states have huge political and economic influence around the world. Therefore, India needs to pay attention to the importance of the G20 to its own development. Its mission is not only to save the G20 itself, but also to save the country. The group carries out multilateral cooperation in various fields in the future. This article analyzes that under the guidance of the three motivations of promoting India to realize its national interests, promoting India to play a greater role in the G20, and maintaining the primary status of the G20 as an effective tool for global governance, India can promote India after becoming the rotating chair of the G20. Development achievements, promoting cooperation with Indonesia, Brazil and South Africa, caring for the interests of developing countries around the world, and making efforts to solve global problems. It is worth noting that in July 2022, the Indian media released news that the Modi government decided to arrange some activities of the 2023 G20 Summit to be held in the Indian-controlled Kashmir and Ladakh regions. At the same time, Modi The government also asked the northeastern states of India to propose relevant venues for the G20 meeting. If the above-mentioned actions are implemented, they may actively provoke regional conflicts in disputed territories and force G20 member states to recognize their legitimacy. The South Asia Research Team hereby compiles this article for critical reference by readers.

1. India needs to prepare to become the world’s chief diplomat

Time waits for no one. In about three months, India will serve as the G20 for the first time for a period of one year (December 1, 2022 to November 30, 2023) The Group (G20) holds the rotating presidency and will eventually hold the G20 Summit in India in 2023. In the coming months, India will host more than 200 meetings with hundreds of ministers, officials, diplomats, businessmen, and NGOs from the G20 (including 19 major economies and the European Union). , working group will attend the meeting.

India has hosted many large-scale international conferences, such as the 1983 Non-Aligned Movement Summit and the 2015 Third India-Africa Forum Summit. However, these meetings cannot be compared with the G20: the G20 is an informal steering body on global economic issues; members are asked to make decisions on the key challenges facing the world today; before the summit, a large number of preparatory discussions are held to promote the final outcome.

2. The importance and complexity of the G20

Crucially, India can neither overemphasize nor underestimate the importance of the G20. G20 member countries account for nearly 90% of the world's GDP total, 80% of the world's total trade, and 67% of the world's population. The G20 is an advisory organization, not a treaty-based forum. Therefore, the resolutions made at the summit only provide recommendations and are not legally binding.

G20 member states have huge political and economic influence. Due to the representation of United Nations , World Bank , International Monetary Fund , World Trade Organization , World Health Organization and other multilateral institutions in the G20, the G20 has become an unparalleled organization.

G20 played a vital role in responding to financial and economic challenges such as the 2008-09 global financial crisis and the 2010 euro crisis. In 2008, the G20 was upgraded from a meeting of finance ministers and central bank governors to a leaders' summit.This is an era dominated by the G8 (until the suspension of Russia's membership in 2014) composed of major powers such as the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, and France, but it needs to cooperate with emerging economies to respond to global challenges and formulate solutions. plan.

However, the G20 faces an existential crisis in its second decade: relations between the major powers are fragmented. Indonesia, which held the rotating presidency at the time, found that the task of the presidency became more complicated as a result.

Before the G20 Summit in Bali in November 2022, the catastrophic impact of the new crown epidemic, the Ukraine crisis, Sino-Indian border tensions, the hostility between the EU and the United States and Russia, and the deterioration of Sino-US relations have already emerged. By then, all leaders may Not sitting in the same room. The outcome of the G20 Summit in Bali will affect the G20 Summit in Delhi in 2023. As a result, Indian officials are carefully planning strategies as expectations are high on India as the next chair. India clearly knows that the current geopolitical trends are redefining the contours of today's geoeconomics and its mission is not only to save the G20, but also to save the future of multilateral cooperation in all areas of the G20's pluralistic agenda.

"As the G20 chairman, India will be obliged to view the G20 agenda from a broader perspective." Source: Associated Press

3. India’s choice

Guided by the triple motivations of promoting India’s national interests, making a difference in the G20, and maintaining the G20’s primacy as an effective tool for global governance, four different views have emerged in India.

First, India's becoming the G20 rotating presidency is conducive to publicizing its recent achievements, such as: effectively fighting the new crown epidemic at home and abroad through vaccine assistance and diplomacy; the development of the digital revolution; and steadily turning to renewable energy to achieve climate change. changing targets; and promoting manufacturing self-reliance and reshaping global value chains. It is also an opportunity to showcase India’s new trends in entrepreneurship and innovation, the rise of unicorns and gender progress. Serving as the rotating chairmanship for one year will not allow India to change the world, but India can take this opportunity to demonstrate the success of domestic governance and promote its successful experience to other countries in South Asia and even the world. The G20 can also help India upgrade its infrastructure to attract investment and develop tourism - several important G20 meetings will be held in other regions outside the Indian capital.

Second, four rising global economic players—Indonesia, India, Brazil and South Africa—will serve as the G20 rotating presidency from December 2021 to November 2025. This amazing coincidence will help the four countries promote mutual coordination and solidarity, advance the interests of developing countries, and maintain their joint leadership of the Global South.

Third, another special coincidence is that IBSA, namely India, Brazil and South Africa, will serve as the G20 rotating presidency in 2023, 2024 and 2025. The G20 is independent of the geopolitical pressures that constrain the BRICS (IBSA must cooperate with Russia and China) and can develop a cohesive plan to project the priorities of the Global South. IBSA urgently needs to convene an informal meeting of senior leaders , perhaps during the G20 Summit in Bali.

Fourth, India needs to be ready to become the world’s chief diplomat. As the rotating chair of the G20, India is obliged to view the G20 agenda from a broader perspective and to integrate the different interests of all members of the forum: The five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council G7 developed countries, BRICS Five member states , as well as other G20 members such as Argentina and Mexico . More importantly, as the rotating chair and host country, India should consider the views of countries outside the G20. India will advocate greater inclusivity and pragmatic and people-centered solutions to global problems.In addition, India can help the African Union (AU) to be promoted from the resident observer to the G20 formal member, ending the marginalization of Africa, and gaining a equivalent position as the EU. This is also an important goal.

Four. Conclusion

is not mutually exclusive. The above four options provide a overall, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive, comprehensive and comprehensive chairman country. Method. is facing the challenge of India. While paying attention to its own interests, it takes care of the vital interests of the south of the world, and shows the contradiction between diplomatic wisdom and competitors such as Western, Russia and China. Today, because it has become the G20 round -duty chairman, India can implement a series of unique plans. India must come forward.

Author brief introduction: Rajiv Bhatia (Rajiv Bhatia), senior researcher of Gateway House (Gateway House), an Indian Global Relations Committee Foreign Policy Research Project Research Project. Outstanding researcher, former Indian senior commissioner in South Africa and Myanmar and Mexican ambassadors, the main research areas are the affairs of the Four Kingdoms Group and India -Pacific.

This article is compiled from the Hindu News on August 25, 2022. s, the original website is https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/heading- the-g20 -ND-New-Delhis-Choices/Article65806589.ece

Edit: Chen Yimo

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