1, Warring States Death
He is a Han Chinese, leaving painful memories for the Han people; his military temperament and honor are above everything else; he has outstanding military achievements, and almost no one in the world is comparable to him; he is a person born for war, war is his life, and war is his life. He is a man with a destructive aura, he is the devil king on the battlefield, he kills the entire Warring States with Qin soldiers like ghost evil spirits, he is a person like a demon god - the God of War - Bai Qi . Bai Qi, also known as Gongsun Qi , was from the Qin State during the Warring States Period (now northeast of Qi County, Shaanxi).
He was a legendary figure in the Warring States Period, and he also has the reputation of God of War and God of Killing.
He led countless troops to fight in his life, and used the strength of Qin to fight among the six countries. During this period, he annihilated more than one million troops of the six countries and captured more than 70 cities of all sizes of the six countries, and never lost in his life. No country dared to fight with Qin, and a comment was added later, because the Qin people had this general! This is the reputation he had during the Warring States Period. After all, generals like this who could not raise a trace of fighting spirit in the hearts of the enemy were rare in the history of war. He made extraordinary contributions to the great cause of Qin to pacify the six countries and unify the world.
Bai Qi's youth was not found in history books. It is said that he was born in the army and climbed to a high position step by step with his brave battle. During his initial military career, Bai Qi attacked Han, attacked Wei, defeated Zhao, and defeated Chu. He occupied nearly ninety cities in a series of victories, beheaded millions of people, and his title was promoted from Zuo Shuchang to Wu'anjun . He not only controlled the military power of Qin, but also owned his own territory and became a small prince among the great princes. At the same time, Bai Qi used his strategy of "annihilation war" to severely hit Wei, Han, Chu and other countries, greatly weakening several of Qin's main opponents, and opening up the way for Qin to advance eastward.
2, originated from a corps and is invincible
Bai Qi joined the Qin army at his 10s, starting step by step from his subordinates, earning meritorious service and receiving awards. By the time his history records his appearance, he had become an intermediate officer. The Zuo Shuzheng of Qin was equivalent to a division and regiment-level officer, leading thousands of troops.
In the thirteenth year of King Zhao of Qin (294 BC), Bai Qi became the chief of Zuo Shu and led his troops to attack Han's new city.
In 293 BC, in order to regain the new city, South Korea joined forces with Wei State , and the two armies joined forces to attack 240,000, and the battle of Yique broke out. Yique is the Quekou of Longmen Mountain in the south of Luoyang and Xiangshan. The two mountains stand together. The Yi River flows through it. At the time of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, it is an important pass to the south of Kyoto. It is the only way for Luoyang to go south and Ruying to the north. There are two green mountains in the east and west facing each other. The Yi River slowly flows northward. From a distance, it looks like a natural gate, so it is called "Yique" in ancient times, and later generations also called it Longmen. Wei general Gongsun Xi led his troops to aid South Korea, and King Xi of Han ordered him to lead a 240,000-strong army of Han and Wei troops to rescue the new city. At this time, Qin Xianglou slowly stepped down, and the new prime minister Wei Ran recommended Bai Qi to be the main general. After taking office, Bai Qi adopted the tactic of avoiding the real and attacking the virtual, first weak and then strong, and surrounded the main force of the Qin army to the rear of the Han and Wei coalition forces, repeatedly defeated the coalition forces and the remaining troops in the rear, and gradually surrounded the main force of the Han and Wei coalition forces in Yique. Due to the continuous small losses, the morale of the coalition forces was low and the food was insufficient, and was finally annihilated in Yique. In this battle, Bai Qi destroyed 240,000 Han and Wei coalition forces, Gongsun Xi was captured, and Bai Qi immediately occupied five Han cities in Yiluo area after the war. All Han and Wei elites were destroyed, and they never recovered from then on, and the world was shocked.
In 292 BC, Bai Qi was promoted to Daliangjian again. Wei Xian Hedong 400 miles to seek peace. Bai Qi did not wait for the envoy to negotiate and continued to attack. The Wei army fled and Bai Qi fled, and Bai Qi took 61 small and large buildings in Wei City.
In 291 BC, Bai Qi and his guest minister Sima Cuo jointly captured Yuancheng.
In 280 BC, Qin first launched a fierce attack on his neighbor South Korea, and sent Bai Qi to Shangdang to capture Guanglang City (now Gaoping Kangying Village), strangling South Korea's throat.Due to the unfavorable situation, the Qin army finally retreated. However, because Shangdang had an extremely important strategic position, Qin was unwilling to accept it. In 262 BC, he approached Shangdang again and quickly surrounded the place. Before the general attack, Bai Qi defeated nearby reinforcements, cut off most of the important transportation routes in South Korea, and cut off all connections between Shangdang and the outside world.
Shangdang County Magistrate Feng Ting knew that the situation was in a difficult situation and the South Korean army was powerless, so he came up with an idea overnight: he was preparing to dedicate Shangdang to Zhao State , and sent people to quickly convey the message to Zhao King . Feng Ting must have considered this: If Zhao State accepts Shangdang, Qin State will inevitably be furious and will definitely attack Zhao. In this way, Zhao State will be involved in the war against Qin and have to fight side by side with Han. The two armies will jointly fight against Qin, and they will probably be able to withstand the tiger and wolf army of Qin.
When King Zhao got the news, he felt that this was not easy to deal with, so he discussed with Pingyang Jun and Pingyuan Jun . Pingyang Jun said, "It is better not to accept it. If you accept it, you will offend Qin. What you lose is much more than you get." Pingyuan Jun advised Zhao to accept it. He said, "Pingyang Jun is too worried. Shangdang is a good place. Many people can't get it even if they dispatch troops. Now someone gives it to him. Why don't you want such a good thing?" Zhao Wang was greedy and felt that it was not a waste of money to take such a big advantage, so he agreed to Feng Ting's request and sent troops to accept Shangdang.
The tiger in Zhao seized food from the mouth, How can the King of Qin not be angry? In this way, the war between Qin and Han indirectly turned into a showdown between Qin and Zhao.
The Qin King's goal was originally South Korea, and he was not prepared for the hasty attack on Zhao, so he first held back his anger and had been accumulating energy in China for two years. Two years later, under the suggestion of Fan Ju , the King of Qin devoted his troops across the country to capture Shangdang again. This also means that Qin declared war on Zhao.
Due to insufficient preparation, Zhao Jun retreated all the way, so he had to give up Shangdang and retreat to Changping.
is like this. The battle of Changping , which was the largest and most casualties during the Warring States Period, started.
3. After retreating to Changping, the person responsible for guarding Zhao State was the veteran general Lian Po . He knew that the Qin army had to fight quickly and quickly, while the Zhao army was slightly weak and should not face it head-on. So he adopted the tactic of waiting for effort and defending as offense.
Liang Po built high and strong walls, and only trained soldiers in the barriers every day. No matter how Qin soldiers challenged, they would never go out to fight. Three months passed quickly in such a confrontation.
Although Lian Po is old, his strategy of leading troops to fight is still superior. He originally wanted to use this trick of "not to fight to death or steam to rot" to completely drag down the morale of the Qin army, and wait until the Qin army is exhausted before sending troops to fight back and win with one blow. Although this idea is clever, Lian Po's superior, King Zhao, did not agree. Not only did King Zhao fail to understand Lian Po's intention, he thought that his battle was unfavorable, so he deliberately delayed and lived a retirement life with military pay, so he blamed him many times.
The Qin army was also very depressed. They thought they could finish the war early and go home for the Spring Festival, but they didn't expect that after so long, there was no turning point at all, and the government and the country were also very anxious.
At this moment, two key figures in Qin State stood up, and their next actions will change history.
The first one to stand out was the Qin prime minister Fan Ju, and Fan Ju has a solution. He first sent people to Zhao State with a large amount of money to buy some greedy officials and people, let them spread rumors everywhere, and said to the people of Zhao State: "This battle of Changping has been fighting for so long but has not yet ended. Do you know why? Because Zhao State does not know that the general that Qin State fears the most and is the most difficult to deal with is Zhao Kuo . That old guy Lian Po has long been useless. Look at what else can he do besides hiding? Maybe, he knew that he was defeated by the Qin army and had already planned to rebel."
As a result, this sentence spread to ten, ten and hundreds of people, and soon reached the ears of King Zhao. King Zhao was already very opposed to Lian Po's tactic of strengthening the walls and high barriers, and was dissatisfied with his repeated defeats and losses. He had long been determined to change his commander, but he was unable to make up his mind. After hearing Fan Ju's counter-essay remarks, he made up his mind and immediately replaced Lian Po with Zhao Kuo.
Replacing generals at the last stage is a big taboo in military strategists.
This Zhao Kuo is the son of a famous general Zhao She . Zhao She once led his army to defeat Qin. It is said that Zhao Kuo has liked to study military books since he was a child. He talked endlessly about leading troops to fight, and even Zhao She could not say about him. Others praised Zhao Kuo, but Zhao She said, "It is necessary to fight to fight. This kid always thinks that fighting is simple, which is very dangerous. If Zhao State makes him a general in the future, it will definitely fail. "
Before Zhao Kuo was ordered, his mother also opposed him to fight, but King Zhao refused to listen.
As soon as he heard the news that Zhao Kuo took office, another "invisible bomb" of Qin State stood up. He was the protagonist of the war - Bai Qi.
The news that Bai Qi replaced the former commander of the Qin army was at that time The Qin army was strictly blocked, and there were even military orders. Who dared to leak the news of Bai Qi's takeover? No mercy! Why? Because Qin State was afraid that King Zhao would repent because of Bai Qi's victory in every battle, and then exchanged the experienced Lian Po back.
As soon as Zhao Kuo arrived in the army, he overturned Lian Po's strategy and changed to attacking as defense and attacking with all his strength.
This strategy seemed to be at first It was quite effective, because the main force of the Qin army, who had always fought bravely, met the Zhao army and was defeated in just a few rounds of confrontation.
Zhao Kuo was eager to win. Seeing the embarrassing appearance of the Qin army, he excitedly ordered the Zhao army to chase with all his strength. So more than 400,000 troops left their barriers and pursued the Qin army in a mighty way.
This nerd never expected that this was set up by the Qin army. He didn't expect that Bai Qi had sent two surprise troops to follow the Zhao army in advance, ready to cut off their retreat at any time.
The Qin army fought and retreated, leading the Zhao army to his own camp. Zhao Kuo saw that he had already reached the Qin army base camp, and even
The excitement in his heart was unable to contain his heart and ordered the soldiers to attack the Qin State camp with all their might.
Why is that camp a strong camp? No matter how sharp the sword and the bow of the Zhao army soldiers are, it is difficult to break through the Qin army camp. Not only that, the brave and warlike Zhao heroes were also exhausted by attacking the camp.
When Zhao Kuo was considering resting on the spot, shouts suddenly broke out from all sides, and the two Qin soldiers following the Zhao army came together, and soon surrounded the Zhao army. 1 On the other hand, there were camps and on the other hand, the enemy army was unable to advance or retreat. Fortunately, there were a large number of people, and the Zhao army was not yet irresistible, so Zhao Kuo had to order to stop the attack, build fortifications on the spot, and wait for reinforcements.
When Zhao army was building fortifications, Bai Qi sent another 5,000 light cavalry to cut off the Zhao army's food route. As a result, the Zhao army had no food to eat, and more than 400,000 people were completely turtled in the jar.
King Zhao of Qin heard that the situation of the war had turned around, and victory was right in front of him. He immediately mobilized all the nearby men over fifteen years old to Changping to assist in the war, in order to help Bai Qi cut off the reinforcements of Zhao State and continue to block the food and food.
The Zhao army was besieged for forty-six days, and the food was cut off, and the morale of the army was dispersed. Finally, they killed each other to satisfy their hunger. Over the past month, the Zhao army had also been divided into four teams many times, attacking in turn, and trying The picture broke through the encirclement, but it was not successful. In the last breakthrough, the head coach Zhao Kuo personally led the elite to fight and fought bravely. Unfortunately, he was shot and killed by the Qin army. He died, leaving only the idiom "talking about war on paper" for the world.
After the head coach Zhao Kuo died, all the 400,000 Zhao troops surrounded surrendered.
After Bai Qi took over the surrendered troops, he was also in trouble for how to deal with the prisoners.After repeated weighing, he believed that the Zhao army was capricious and could not be trusted after all. If they were incorporated, they would be in trouble sooner or later. So he would just kill the roots, leaving only more than 200 young people back to China to report their news, and the rest would be killed.
Bai Qi ordered the order, and 400,000 iron-blooded men became the bones under the "God of War".
At that time, Changping was simply hell on earth!
After the battle of Changping, Bai Qi originally planned to take advantage of the victory to destroy Zhao. In October of the 48th year of King Zhao, Qin once again pacified Shangdang, and the latter army divided into two groups: one was led by Wang Wei to attack Pi Lao (now Wu'an, Hebei); the other was Sima Geng to capture Taiyuan. Bai Qi will besiege Handan . South Korea and Zhao State were extremely frightened and sent Su Dai to bribe the corresponding Hou Fan Ju of Qin with a large sum of money and said, "Bai Qi captured and killed Zhao Kuo, besieged Handan. Once Zhao State was destroyed, Qin could be called emperor, and Bai Qi would also be named the Three Dukes. He attacked more than 70 cities for Qin, and settled Yan, Ying, Hanzhong, and Zhao Kuo's army in the north. Even if Zhou Duke, Zhao Duke, and Lu Wang had no more achievements than him. If Zhao State is destroyed and Qin King is called king, then Bai Qi will definitely be the Three Dukes. Can you be under Bai Qi? Even if you don't If you are willing to be in his lower throne, it would not be possible. Qin once attacked Han and surrounded Xingqiu , trapped Shangdang, and the people of Shangdang all rushed to Zhao State. The people in the world have been unhappy for the Qin people for a long time. Now that Zhao State has been destroyed, Qin's territory has reached Yan State, in the north, Qi State, and Han Wei State, but Qin has not gained much. It is better to let Han and Zhao cede land for peace, so that Bai Qi will not be able to destroy Zhao again. "So Fan Ju asked for permission to cede land for peace on the grounds that the Qin army was tired and was eager to recuperate. King Zhao agreed. Han severed Yuan Yong, Zhao severed six cities to seek peace, and all the troops were suspended in the first month. Bai Qi learned about this and then formed a grudge with Fan Ju.
In September of that year, Qin sent another army to send five officials Wang Ling to attack Zhao Handan (see Battle of Handan ). Just as Bai Qi was sick, he couldn't walk. In the first month of the second year, the attack on Handan was not very smooth, and the King of Qin issued a new heavy army to support him. As a result, Wang Ling lost five schools (one school had about 8,000 people) to the Qin army. Bai Qi recovered from illness, and the King of Qin wanted to use Bai Qi as the general to attack Handan. Bai Qi said to King Zhao: "Handan is not easy to attack, and if the princes rescue him, they will arrive in one day. The princes have been resentful of Qin for a long time. Although Qin has defeated Zhao's army in Changping, more than half of the casualties are lost, and the country is empty. Our army is far away from the rivers and mountains to fight for other people's capital. If Zhao responds to the battle from the inside and the princes are supporting him outside, they will definitely be able to defeat the Qin army. Therefore, it is not possible to send troops to attack Zhao." King Zhao personally issued an order that did not work, and he sent Fan Ju to ask, but Bai Qi refused all the time, saying that he could not afford to get sick.
King Zhao changed his appointment to replace Wang Ling as a general, and besieged Handan in August and September, but he could not conquer it for a long time. Chu State sends Chunshenjun and Wei Gongzi Xinlingjun leads hundreds of thousands of troops to attack the Qin army, and the Qin army suffered heavy casualties. When Bai Qi heard this, he said, "The King of Qin did not listen to my plan, what's the matter now?" After hearing this, King Zhao was furious and forced Bai Qi to send troops. Bai Qi claimed to be seriously ill, but after Fan Ju's request, he still said he could not afford to get sick. So King Zhao removed Bai Qi from his official position, demoted to a soldier, and moved to Yinmi (now west of Lingtai County, Gansu). Because Bai Qi was sick, he failed to make a move. After living in Xianyang for three months, during which the princes continued to attack the Qin army. The Qin army retreated step by step, and those who were in distress followed one after another. The King of Qin sent someone to send Bai Qi, so that he would not stay in Xianyang. Bai Qi left Xianyang and went to Du You . King Zhao and Fan Ju and other ministers planned to discuss. Bai Qi was demoted to Xianyang. He was dissatisfied and complained, so he might as well execute him. So King Zhao sent an envoy to take the sword and ordered Bai Qi to commit suicide. Bai Qifu Jian committed suicide and said, "Why did I blame the sky for this?" After a long time, he said, "I should die. In the Battle of Changping, hundreds of thousands of Zhao soldiers surrendered. I cheated and killed him, which is enough to die." ("Records of the Grand Historian") So he committed suicide. Bai Qi died in November of the 50th year of King Zhao of Qin (257 BC). Bai Qi died was not his fault. The Qin people were very pity for him and sacrificed him in the towns and towns. (" Book of Later Han " records that after Bai Qi's death, after Bai Qi's death, the six eastern countries heard the news, and all the princes drank wine to congratulate each other, and were glad to celebrate Bai Qi's death.) In the battle of Changping, Bai Qi defeated the Zhao army and killed more than 400,000 surrendered soldiers of the Zhao army. After the war, Bai Qi was ready to march with victory and defeat Zhao State in one go.But what came from Qin was the order to retreat. It turned out that King Zhao of Qin obeyed Fan Ju's words and allowed Han and Zhao to cede land for peace on the grounds that the Qin army had been violent and should have the soldiers rested over time. Fan Ju was originally a narrow-minded lobbyist. The great victory of Changping made him jealous. He was afraid that after destroying Zhao, Bai Qi was powerful and powerful, so he could not abduct his power, so he used clever words to ruin Bai Qi's magnificent military plan. Bai Qi has a rift with Fan Ju.
4. In his late years, the martyrs led their swords to commit suicide
. However, after Qin State stopped the army, Zhao State not only did not want to sacrifice the city but launched a campaign to resist Qin. King Zhao of Qin then ordered Bai Qi to lead troops to attack Zhao, but Bai Qi refused. Bai Qi believed that Qin had lost the favorable opportunity and should not send troops again. The furious King Zhao of Qin did not understand the fleeting principle of the fighter opportunity. In the 49th year of King Zhao of Qin (258 BC), he sent five officials Wang Ling to lead troops to attack Handan. As a result, the Qin army's offensive was blocked and most of the soldiers were injured and killed. King Zhao of Qin appointed Bai Qi to lead the army again, but Bai Qi believed that this time would be difficult to succeed, so he couldn't get sick. Fan Ju used the private party Zheng Anping to replace Bai Qi at this time. As expected, the casualties were heavy and the main general Zheng Anping led 20,000 troops to surrender to Zhao. The desperate King Zhao of Qin came to Bai's mansion and said to Bai Qi, "Even if you are lying on a stretcher, you have to fight for me." Bai Qi, who is familiar with the military strategy, has seen that the end of the game cannot be cured, and frankly advised King Zhao of Qin to withdraw his troops and wait for a new opportunity to fight. King Zhao refused to listen, but instead thought Bai Qi was trying to make things difficult for him, and Fan Ju took the opportunity to slander him. So he ordered all the titles of Bai Qi were removed and demoted to Shi Jun, and forced him to move out of Xianyang.
Due to inconvenience in the disease, Bai Qi did not set off immediately. March later, news of the defeat of the Qin army continued to come from Handan, and King Zhao even took his anger on Bai Qi, ordering him to leave immediately and not stay. Bai Qi had to go on the road with illness and arrived at Du You (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi). King Zhao of Qin discussed with Fan Ju, thinking that Bai Qi was reluctant to accept the order. "He was unwilling to accept his intentions, and he had other words." He sent an envoy to give him a sword and order him to commit suicide. Bai Qi committed suicide by tying his sword. It was November of the 50th year of King Zhao of Qin (257 BC). Another reason why Bai Qi disobeyed the order was: Bai Qi knew very well that if he led his troops to attack Zhao again, he would be the resistance of the whole country of Zhao. Because Zhao State deeply hated Bai Qi after Changping, when King Zhao attacked Zhao again, Bai Qi should be the most unsuitable candidate to be the commander.
Bai Qi's army was the best in the army (it is said that when Bai Qi attacked Han, he was dismissed from the ground and stabbed his cavalry with a spear and a horse to kill him). He had endless strategies and was good at field attacks. He was an outstanding military commander in the history of Chinese war and also the most outstanding general in the history of Qin. He was good at using troops throughout his life. He fought on the battlefield for 37 years, attacked countless cities and annihilated millions of enemies. He never lost a single achievement and made unparalleled contributions to the unification of Qin. Sima Qian praised Bai Qi for "predicting the enemy's reunion, which was surprisingly endless, and his voice shook the world." Bai Qi used troops, was good at analyzing the situation between the enemy and us, and then adopted the correct strategic policy to launch targeted attacks on the enemy. For example, concentrating troops in the Battle of Yique and defeating them one by one; the heart-breaking tactics in the Battle of Yanying and of the Battle of Yanying and ; the long-distance raid in the Battle of Huayang and , etc. The most prominent feature of Bai Qi's military thought is the encirclement and annihilation war and the elimination of the enemy's vitality. The Battle of Changping was the earliest, largest and most thorough encirclement and annihilation battle in Chinese history. The size of its size and glorious results are also rare in the history of world wars.
Bai Qibing genius and a great god of war, but he ignored power and was not worthy of the word "hero". As for heroes, they have always been given to later generations of Confucian kingly ways. Because Bai Qi killed too many enemies, he was also excluded by these "benevolent, righteous and moral" literati. Therefore, later generations often call him the murderous devil, and some historians even believe that Bai Qi is not worthy of being called a famous general at all.But we all know that Bai Qi actually occupies a very important position in the world military history and is the "God of War" who truly lives for war!
In the late Warring States period when "fight for land, kill people to fill the wilderness; fight for city, kill people to fill the city", in that era with killing and looting land, the god of war Bai Qi beheaded 240,000 Han and Wei coalition forces in Yique; hundreds of thousands of Chu troops were drowned in Yancheng; 130,000 Wei troops in Huayang; 20,000 Zhao troops were drowned in Yellow River ; 50,000 Han troops were beheaded in Xingcheng; 450,000 Zhao troops were killed in Changping. One general succeeds in thousands of bones and hangs . Those who start well may not end well, but Bai Qi is still a famous general, the God of Death in the Warring States Period, and a famous general with thousands of horizons!
