As long as you are interested in Dabie Mountain red history, as long as you are willing to pay attention to Red Fourth Front Army war history, you will definitely be exposed to Red 25 Army war history, and you will inevitably admire this mythical army.
What kind of legend does it express? Why do people always admire it?
Among several troops that went on the Long March , the Red 25th Army set out the latest, but arrived in northern Shaanxi first, and made many preparations in advance to welcome the Central Red Army to arrive in northern Shaanxi. Several other troops, including the Central Red Army, all passed away passively during the enemy's siege and blockade, but the Red 25th Army created a new revolutionary base during the Long March; the other troops were all damaged by the generals, and the war was severe, but the Red 25th Army's strength increased instead of reducing; the other routes arrived in northern Shaanxi all hungry and short of money, but the Red 25th Army was strong and wealthy, and even the Central Red Army had to borrow money from them to solve the problem of winter.
Some people may misunderstand that the Red 25th Army is not affiliated with the Red Fourth Front Army? Why did everyone suddenly turn it into a separate strategic unit when they tell the history of the Red Army Long March?
The Red 25th Army was indeed a member of the Red Fourth Front Army at the beginning of its establishment, but with the development of the war and the changes in the situation, the Red 25th Army really became an independent strategic unit without realizing it, and then created many myths in the Long March. To truly understand and master the history of the Red 25th Army and the Red Fourth Front Army from unity to division, we have to start from the beginning.
The first Red 25th Army was founded in the Dabie Mountains region. It was first established in October 1931 in Mabu, Lu'an County. Before this, the main Red Army in Dabie Mountains was the Red 4th Army led by Kuang Jixun and Yu Du. After Zhang Guotao came to Dabie Mountains to form the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Branch of the Communist Party of China in May of that year, he adjusted the leadership of the Red 4th Army. Xu Xiang served as the former commander and Zeng Zhongsheng served as the political commissar. The Red 4th Army originally under the jurisdiction of the 10th, 11th and 12th Divisions, and soon it was organized into the 13th Division. At this time, Zhang Guotao had the idea of organizing the Red Army in the Dabie Mountains into the Fourth Red Front Army, so he decided to immediately start creating the Red 25th Army, commander Kuang Jixun, and political commissar Wang Pingzhang .
The first commander of the Red 25th Army
At the beginning of the establishment of the Red 25th Army, the original Red 12th Division was extracted from the Red 4th Army and directly adapted it into the 73rd Division, with the division commander Liu Ying , and the political commissar Wu Huanxian. At the same time, the original Red 13th Division was reorganized into the new Red 12th Division to keep the Red 4th Army still full of three divisions.
In November 1931, the Red Fourth Front Army was officially established in Qiliping, Hong'an, and also held a large-scale military parade , which was composed of the original Red 4th Army and the newly built Red 25th Army. At that time, the Red 4th Army was fully organized into three divisions, and the Red 25th Army, which was being created as planned, only had one division.
After the Red Fourth Front Army was formed, it immediately entered the Huang'an Battle, and then launched the Shanghuang, Sujiabu and Huangguang Battles one after another. Just as the Huang'an Battle began, Kuang Jixun and Wang Pingzhang returned to western Anhui with the already formed 73rd Division of the Red 25th Army, and stepped up the formation of the 74th Division and 75th Division as planned so that they could form the Red 25th Army with the already built 73rd Division. After the end of the Sujiabu Battle, the Third Independent Division of Northwest Anhui and other counties, which had been trained in actual combat, will be adapted into the 74th and 75th Divisions. Among them, Zhang Chenggong, deputy commander of the 74th Division, and Zhang Chenggong, the 75th Division was composed of the former 31st Regiment of the 11th Division, Wuxing County Independent Regiment, Lu'an County Independent Regiment, etc. The division commander Liao Rongkun and political commissar Dai Kemin.
Red 25 Army was divided into two units.
000 troops. In July 1932, just when the Red Fourth Front Army took the initiative to launch the Battle of Macheng, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized 300,000 troops to start the fourth "encirclement and suppression" of the Dabie Mountains. Due to Zhang Guotao's command error, the Red Army passively responded to the battle and was surrounded everywhere, which eventually led to the failure of the fourth anti-"encirclement and suppression" of
. The main force of the Red Fourth Front Army had to give up the Dabie Mountains and passively embarked on the tragic road of the western expedition to Sichuan and Shaanxi.
Due to the failure of the fourth anti-"encirclement and suppression", the Red 25th Army has suffered heavy losses in the war. In July of that year, the Battle of Huoqiu started. The 74th and 75th Divisions had just been built and the battle was not strong. The Red 73rd Division followed Kuang Jixun to guard Huoqiu .However, Huoqiu City not only failed to defend it, but instead defeated the 73rd Division, and only a few broke out. After Cai Shenxi took over as commander of the Red 25th Army, he was forced to abolish the 74th Division and incorporate all his troops into the 73rd Division. Soon, he met with the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army from the west to the east in western Anhui, and in less than half a month he followed the main force back to Hubei and Henan.
On October 11, the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army began to leave the Dabie Mountains and embark on the road of the Western Expedition. At this time, the commander of the army Cai Shenxi had already died in the battle at the Hekou. The 73rd Division, with Wang Shusheng as the division commander, followed the main force in the Western Expedition, and the 75th Division was ordered to stay in the Dabie Mountains. In this way, the Red 25th Army was suddenly divided into two overnight, and it was difficult to gather again. Moreover, because the commander had died, the political commissar was left in the Dabie Mountains, resulting in the Red 25th Army's headquarters being destroyed in name only.
The 2nd commander of the Red 25th Army Cai Shenxi
Red 25th Army rebuilding
According to the spirit of the Huangchaifan Conference held on the evening of October 10, the purpose of the Red Fourth Front Army jumped out of the outside line to fight was to first meet with the Red 3rd Army led by He Long, and wait for an opportunity to fight back to the Dabie Mountains after dragging the enemy out of the Dabie Mountains. However, due to the enemy's siege and interception, once the Red Fourth Front Army left the Dabie Mountains, it would never be able to return. Faced with the powerful enemy's pursuit, we could only passively seize the road westward and not hold our foothold until we entered the Sichuan-Shaanxi region.
When Zhang Guotao led his troops to leave the Dabie Mountains, he kept all the members of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China with Shen Zemin as the secretary, and instructed them to continue to lead the Dabie Mountains. Shen Zemin waited left and right, but did not see the main force fighting back. Later, he learned that the main force had already walked far into Shaanxi, and the situation in Dabie Mountains became increasingly severe. The original red area was falling, and the party and government organs in various places collapsed one after another. The small number of regular troops and local armed forces left behind were not affiliated with each other. In order to unite all forces and form a powerful fist to strike the enemy, the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to rebuild the Red 25th Army.
On November 29, Shen Zemin held a meeting in Tanshugang, Ziyun District, Huang'an County to study and deploy anti-enemy strategies. Considering that the main force of the Fourth Red Army had already entered Shaanxi, it decided not to passively wait for the main force to return, and immediately set out to gather the armed forces scattered in different regions to rebuild the Red 25th Army to end the current extremely scattered and chaotic situation, and then break the enemy's fantasy of completely eliminating the base by "clearing down". The meeting decided to appoint Wu Huanxian as the commander of the army and political commissar Wang Pingzhang.
The third commander of the Red 25th Army Wu Huanxian
Previously, Wu Huanxian served as the political commissar of the 73rd Division. Since he was a member of the provincial party committee, the main force was left behind when he left Dabie Mountains and was renamed the commander-in-chief of the Northeast Hubei Road Committee. Wang Pingzhang had served as the political commissar of the Red 25th Army before.
On November 30, the Red 25th Army was officially announced to be formed. At the beginning of the reconstruction, there were two divisions under its jurisdiction, namely the 74th and 75th divisions, each division had two regiments, and another special agent battalion directly controlled by the military headquarters. Among them, the 74th Division is composed of the original Hong 27th Division, which is the commander of the division and the political commissar Dai Jiying; the original 75th Division and its 223 and 224th regiments remain unchanged, and the 223rd and 224th regiments of Hong'an Independent 1st Division were also organized into the division's special battalion, with the division commander of the Yao Jiafang , and the political commissar Gao Jingting; the original 25th Army Special Battalion is still the military special battalion. The rebuilt Red 25th Army has a total of 5th Regiments of the 2nd Division and 5th Regiment, plus a battalion, with a total of more than 7,000 people.
During this reconstruction, a sudden change involving the original Red 27th Division was involved. Many people may not understand the situation, so they will naturally become confused. It is necessary to remind you here to help you understand this uncommon Red 27th Division.
Zhang Guotao came to Dabie Mountains. After establishing the Red Fourth Front Army and its Red 25th Army, he had an expansion plan in the summer and autumn of 1932 to prepare for the establishment of the new Red 9th Army. According to its scheduled preparation, it should be under the 25th, 26th and 27th Divisions. At that time, the fourth anti-"encirclement and suppression" period was in progress. The war became increasingly urgent and the soldiers were becoming increasingly nervous, resulting in the expected Red 9th Army not being successfully established. Despite this, the Red 27th Division was already formed in advance when it was planned to create the Red 9th Army. It was adapted from the 4th Independent Division of Hubei, Henan and Anhui. The source of the troops of the Independent Fourth Division mainly comes from the Guangshan Independent Regiment. After the Red 27th Division was formed, it was Xu Haidong, an expert on guerrilla warfare, which emerged from the Dabie Mountains.When the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army had to go south from Yanzi Henan to Yingshan , and then turn west to prepare to return to Hubei , Northeastern region , the Red 27th Division was led by Liu Shiqi and Xu Haidong, the former director of the Political Department of the Red Fourth Front Army, and was active in the Yingshan area to fight and block the main force to go west. Not long after, Guo Shushen, former secretary of the West Anhui Road Committee, led local armed forces into Yingshan and suddenly met the Red 27th Division.
According to Zhang Guotao's order, Guo Shushen began to form the Hubei-Anhui Working Committee in Yingshan to persist in the local struggle. In order to fight the enemy's needs and to cover up the main force's advance westward, Guo Shushen, Liu Shiqi, Xu Haidong and others discussed and took such an important action: based on Xu Haidong's Red 27th Division, combined with local armed forces in the western Anhui area, they formed the Red 27th Army. Commander Liu Shiqi, political commissar Guo Shushen, deputy commander Wu Baocai, and director of the Political Commissar Jiang Qiushun, with two divisions under their jurisdiction. Among them, the 79th Division was composed of the former Hong 27th Division, with the division commander Xu Haidong and political commissar Wang Jiannan; the 81st Division was composed of local armed forces in western Anhui and was composed of the military headquarters and the division headquarters. After the formation of the Red 27th Army, under the leadership of the Hubei-Anhui Working Committee, dominated by Guo Shushen, more than 20,000 local cadres, masses and wounded and sick people were led to move eastward. In less than two months, he traveled to more than 10 counties, traveled more than 3,000 miles, fought dozens of battles in all sizes, restrained 5 enemy divisions, and broke the enemy's encirclement and blocked, not only annihilated more than 4,000 enemies, but also effectively protected a large number of cadres and masses.
On November 24, he fought a large circle of Red 27th Army. Under the leadership of Guo Shushen and others, he successfully arrived in Qiliping, an old district in northeast Hubei, and met with the provincial party committee and its main force in charge. After research, the provincial party committee decided to abolish the Red 27th Army and restore the original Red 27th Division. After only 5 days, the provincial party committee made a new decision at the Tanshugang meeting to cancel the newly restored Red 27th Division and recreate the Red 25th Army.
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 It can be seen from this that the firmness and consciousness of the Communists' revolution must always try their best to maintain their initiative in the struggle against the enemy; they always want to mobilize all positive forces and continuously promote the revolutionary movement to move forward.
The ending of the leader of the Red 25 Army
Among the leaders above the Red 25 military advisors who were rebuilt this time, there were 6 including Wu Huanxian, Wang Pingzhang, Xu Haidong, Dai Jiying, Yao Jiafang, Gao Jingting, etc. Among them, only Xu Haidong and Dai Jiying were lucky enough to see the founding of New China . Among them, Xu Haidong was awarded the rank of general in 1955, and Dai Jiji served as Secretary of the Kaifeng Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China.
The fourth commander of the 25th Army Xu Haidong
All the other 4 people died in different historical periods. Among them, Wu Huan died in August 1935 on the Long March of the Red 25th Army, which was only 25 days away from the victory of the Red 25th Army in northern Shaanxi. Wang Pingzhang died in Menkan Mountain in western Anhui in the spring of 1934; Yao Jiafang did not die on the battlefield, but fell in the wrong killing of the expansion of anti-counterfeiting; Gao Jingting timely rebuilt the Red 28th Army after the Long March of the Red 25th Army, and insisted on the three-year guerrilla warfare in Dabie Mountains. Later, his troops were adapted into , the Fourth Detachment of the New Fourth Army and served as commander. Due to various complex reasons, he was mistakenly killed in Qinglongchang, Feidong County, Anhui Province in June 1938. After Zhang Guotao left, Shen Zemin, who had become the most practical leader of the Dabie Mountains revolutionary base, died of illness in Tiantai Mountain, Hong'an County in November 1933. His remnant was represented by Xu Baoshan, who had served as secretary of the Northeast Hubei Road Committee. Later, the Red 25th Army began the Long March. Xu Baoshan led the team to the war as acting as secretary of the provincial party committee and died of illness in 1935.
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