In the second battle to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea, our army stepped into the enemy's rear, so that small troops on both sides frequently encountered sudden encounters.
Zhai Zhongyu, commander of the 114th Division of our 38th Army, led the division headquarters into a railway tunnel to rest, but accidentally broke into the US military camp.
He ordered the nearby 114th Division 342nd Regiment to come for rescue, but he did not expect that the 3rd Battalion of the 113th Regiment who was passing by would repel the US troops.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
38 Army boldly interspersed behind enemy lines in order to avenge the shame. The 114th Division led by the deputy commander accidentally lost contact
Many of us know Wei Wei mentioned the famous Songgufeng blocking battle in " Who is the cutest person ", and the background of this battle is that the 38th Army boldly interspersed in the Second Battle [1].
38 Army is the first column of the former Northeast Field Army. It was renamed to the 38th Army at the end of 1948 and was under its jurisdiction after it was renamed the 112, 113 and 114 divisions. Later, the army participated in the Pingjin Battle of and went south to Guangdong and Yunnan. It was not until 1950 that it returned to the northeast and merged into the Northeast under the leadership of the then commander Liang Xingchu [2].
It should be said that the 38th Army was the top main force of our 13th Corps at that time, going abroad to fight , the US imperial should naturally be a good example for the entire army.
However, after the first battle started in October 1950, the 112th Division misbelieved that intelligence about the US black regiment stopped advancing, causing the 8th Division of the South Korean Army to escape. Although the 112th Division subsequently blocked the enemy's heroic attack on Feihu Mountain, its failure to surround the enemy's main force caused the entire army to be scolded by the Volunteer Army Command.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
After the first battle between the two sides, the enemy did not fully realize that our main force of the Volunteer Army had entered North Korea, so the Volunteer Army Headquarters ordered the 112th Division to take the initiative to give up Feihu Mountain to lure the enemy to advance northward.
As expected, the enemy commander MacArthur ordered the US Eighth Army on the Western Front to continue to scatter northward, and a large gap gradually emerged between the troops.
On November 25, General Peng saw that the enemy had formed a situation of in-depth development in multiple directions, and ordered the Chinese and North Korean coalition forces to launch a second battle of counterattack.
However, at this time, the enemy's coalition forces reached 220,000, while our army invested only 240,000 front-line combat troops, which was a slight advantage. General Peng's strategic intention was to first eat up the Korean troops from Tokugawa and Ningyuan, and then the 38th Army and 42nd Army went to Jingchuan and Sansouli to cut off the enemy's retreat on the Western Front. After the attack began, the 112th Division occupied Tokugawa and cut off the retreat of the South Korean 7th Division; the main force of the 113th Division was responsible for the left wing detour and successfully inserted into the junction of the 7th and 8th Divisions. The 8th Army Commander of the US Army Walker found that his left wing no longer existed, and urgently ordered the troops to turn their heads and retreat south immediately.
resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
Our army intends to encircle the enemy in the north and south areas of Qingchuan River , but at this time there is still a gap in the direction of Sansouli.
Next, our 113th Division of the 38th Army only took 18 hours to advance 72.5 kilometers, and arrived at the designated location at 7 a.m. on the 28th and seized favorable terrain. Not only did he occupy three souli in front of the opponent in 5 minutes, but he also captured Longyuanli Highland and completely blocked the enemy's way to escape south.
But at this time, the army commander Liang Xingchu was not happy, but instead got furious because he could not contact the 114th Division for a long time.
Because the enemy had begun to retreat across the board on the 29th, the 9th US Army in Junyuli and Jinchuan areas are breaking through from Sansuoli and Longyuanli to Shunchuan respectively. The 1st Cavalry Division of the U.S. Army located in Shuncheon and the 29th British Brigade located in , Pyongyang, , were heading north to respond. Peng Dehuai therefore specifically instructed the 114th Division to quickly move closer to the 113th Division.
At this time, Zhai Zhongyu, the commander of the 114th Division, and Jiang Yonghui, the deputy commander who followed the division, were moving quickly towards Zhengchuan and becoming farther and farther away from Longyuanli, which was in urgent need of support due to a radio failure [3].
Zhai Zhongyu
In fact, the three regiments under the 114th Division have also set aside in a rapid raid, which is also a helpless way to escape the powerful aerial strike of the US military.
When they entered the barrier station in northern Sichuan, they encountered a battalion of Türkiye plus an engineer company . When they eliminated the enemy, the radio station finally repaired it.
They finally got the order of the military command to quickly advance to Sansuoli and Longyuanli to cooperate with the 113th Division that had been struggling to support.
At this time, some of the US troops in Longyuan had begun to break through to Xinglongli in the west, and the 114th Division hurriedly ordered the troops to act quickly.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
Entered the railway tunnel but broke into the enemy camp. The division headquarters encountered a crisis. The 342nd Regiment fully supported
By November 30, before the day was light, Zhai Zhongyu led the division headquarters to advance for three consecutive days. Not only were all the personnel very tired, but Zhai Zhongyu also realized that he wanted to find a hidden place immediately to avoid becoming a living target for US military aircraft.
When they came to the vicinity of Madong, Zhai Zhongyu used his telescope to see a railway tunnel in front of him. Since most of North Korea's railway facilities were damaged after the outbreak of Korean War, there would be no trains passing through the railway tunnel in this area, which is very safe.
After entering the tunnel, he found that the temporary barracks had become the enemy's defeated soldiers, but he was completely unaware of it and was caught off guard by our army.
My 114th Division pointed out that the guard company had no trouble capturing these enemies, but just distributed people to take care of them and became more nervous after the troops were even more intense.
After Zhai Zhongyu and Jiang Yonghui discussed, they immediately ordered the division headquarters to settle down in the railway tunnel, and quickly arranged a telephone line to contact the nearby troops.
North Korea
However, Zhai Zhongyu was still careful. When the sky was a little brighter, he went out of the tunnel alone to reconnaissance nearby. It doesn't matter when he comes out, but suddenly he finds a large black tent on the opposite hillside. Obviously, this is impossible for our troops to come to set up camps, nor is it possible for ordinary North Koreans to be the enemy.
Zhai Zhongyu was shocked a few hours ago because it was dark and eager to travel, he did not find himself close to such a large group of enemies.
Now the sky is bright, and you will definitely be hit by a joint attack on the enemy's open space when you leave the tunnel rashly. At present, we can only build fortifications first with the enemy and find other troops to fight together.
What made Zhai Zhongyu even more worried was that the enemy on the opposite side did not sleep well, and the group of them entered the tunnel was also seen very clearly by the US sentries.
So when Zhai Zhongyu returned to the tunnel and asked everyone to prepare for battle immediately, more than 100 American soldiers divided into two wings and began to attack the tunnel.
Constructing fortifications
Soon the US military aircraft also received a request from the ground troops and began to drop bombs near the tunnel.
A staff officer advised Zhai Zhongyu and Jiang Yonghui to evacuate first, and they tried to hold the enemy back. But Zhai Zhongyu told everyone that if they persist for a while, these people would withdraw. Jiang Yonghui also comforted the staff officer and said:
"The enemy is already a frightened bird, and they do not have the courage to fight to the decisive battle. You just need to protect the phone and radio station, and do not delay the command and contact, and be considered to be fulfilling your duties."
Deputy Commander and Division Commander were calm in the face of danger, stabilizing the emotions of everyone in the division headquarters and responding calmly.
But at this time, the 114th Division had only officers except for the guard company, and even if everyone was holding guns, it still seemed weak.
battlefield
Zhai Zhongyu and Jiang Yonghui discussed and decided to send deputy division commander Song Wenhong to the nearby mountain with communication equipment, while reconnaissing the enemy situation, try to contact nearby troops.
Fortunately, after some efforts, the 342nd Regiment finally resumed communication with the 114th Division headquarters. However, as soon as the political commissar of the 342nd Regiment, Wang Pili, spoke to the division commander Zhai Zhongyu, when the US military plane appeared above the regiment's headquarters.
Wang Pili and the correspondent quickly rushed out of the wooden house as the regiment headquarters with their phones in hand and quickly, and then the wooden house was hit and a fire broke out.
Wang Pili didn't care about his fear at all. After understanding that the division headquarters encountered a crisis at this time, he rushed to the second battalion of the regiment and ordered the battalion commander Yao Yurong to rescue the division headquarters as quickly as possible.
Battalion Commander Yao Yurong is also an old revolutionary, but after receiving the order to support the division headquarters immediately, hesitated.
Jiangyonghui
It turns out that although they are only four kilometers away from the railway tunnel where the 114th Division is located, they need to cross a mountain. At this time, the US military had discovered that dozens of fighter jets were constantly bombing and strafing.
If the Second Battalion rashly attacks at this time, it may be destroyed by US aircraft on the way.
However, the situation was very urgent at this time. Yao Yurong ordered the Second Battalion to be divided into four columns to march; ignore the bombing of US aircraft and the blocking of the enemy on the ground, and must arrive at the 114th Division within half an hour.
Perhaps their formation of marching was confusing the enemy. During the operation, the Second Battalion only encountered an attack on one US aircraft and did not cause much casualties.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
113th Division took the initiative to participate in the war and successfully rescued the siege. The three divisions and units broke the establishment and jointly fought
When Zhai Zhongyu and Jiang Yonghui were waiting for reinforcements sent by the 342nd Regiment, a volunteer army suddenly rushed from the other direction.
After questioning, Zhai Zhongyu learned that the unit was the third battalion of the 337th Regiment of the 113th Division led by battalion commander Zhao Jixiang. They defeated some of the enemy troops in Longyuan and tried to wipe them out. But he knew that the enemy fled south by desperately rushing to the south, and the officers and soldiers of the third battalion used all their strength but failed to stop them.
At this time, they were ordered to return to the regiment headquarters. When they heard the sound of gunfire nearby, they rushed over. Jiang Yonghui said excitedly: "You are here just right, I have no soldiers here, you can attack the enemy immediately."
Although the unit was not under the jurisdiction of the 114th Division, it quickly entered the battle.
This US military force was indeed as Zhai Zhongyu expected. It had suffered a severe blow to our army before and had no morale. I thought I could get a bargain when I attacked our division headquarters, but I was caught off guard by the 3rd Battalion of the 337th Regiment.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
When the 2nd Battalion of the 342nd Regiment arrived in silence, he found that the gunshot had already stopped. Battalion Commander Yao Yurong secretly called "Not good", but saw that the 3rd Battalion of the 337th Regiment was cleaning the battlefield. Zhai Zhongyu immediately ordered the 2nd Battalion of the 342nd Regiment and the 337th Regiment to fight side by side and capture the opposite train station that was already controlled by the US military.
At this time, the 2nd Battalion, which was holding its breath, naturally screamed and entered the battle. It took only two hours to wipe out the enemies at the railway station.
The magical thing is that later that day, Li Zhongxin, deputy commander of the 112th Division, came over with a unit of the 336th Regiment. Deputy Commander Jiang Yonghui said to him happily: "You are here, just follow my command here!"
At this time, the enemy planes began to throw bombs at the entrance of the tunnel again. Jiang Yonghui asked Li Zhongxin to use the prisoner's mercy board to stop the enemy plane from bombing.
Li Zhongxin actually convinced a US military communication soldier to put the air defense communication board he carried with him at the entrance of the hole. The enemy planes did not drop bombs anymore and the 114th Division completely turned the crisis into safety.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
Jiang Yonghui soon learned that at the morning of that day, when the command of the 112th Division inserted into the stream cave, the division commander Yang Dayi and more than 10 people also met an enemy who fled south. At that time, the 112th Division's Guard Company was also sent out to fight with the 335th Regiment, and Yang Dayi really became the "bare commander" at this time.
Fortunately, the reconnaissance chief Wei Decai was a trooper. He climbed onto a big tree and actually heard the charge sound of the 338th Regiment of the 113th Division. Wei Decai was overjoyed and hurriedly blew the trumpet on the tree to ask where they were.
After contacting No. 1, a company of the regiment who was the reserve team, ran over immediately and successfully resolved the crisis of the 112th Division command post.
. When the 3rd Battalion of the 334th Regiment of the 112th Division was inserted into the potion station that morning, he lost contact with the regiment headquarters but met Deputy Commander Li Zhongxin. Li Zhongxin immediately ordered: "You are my command directly!" When the main force of the 334th Regiment of the 114th Division passed through the west, he encountered a battalion commanded by the battalion commander Sun Hongdao, who was passing by. The two troops immediately formed a unified command and quickly wiped out hundreds of enemies.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
Almost at the same time, the two companies of the 335th Regiment of the 112th Division destroyed four enemy artillery vehicles. While looking for the main force, they encountered the Chief of Staff of the 113th Division in Gexianli area.
They came over to ask for the battle and said: "Chief, please give us orders, we are all about eliminating the American devils."
Pang Tanzhi was very moved. After the war, he wrote a letter of thanks to the 335th Regiment, Fan Tianen, , and highly praised the soldiers' enthusiasm for fighting.
It can be said that the 38th Army united and supported each other in battle, which is also one of the important reasons for defeating powerful enemies.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea
38 Army won the title of "Long Live Army". The commanders and fighters took the initiative to fight were the secret of our army's success
On the same day, the 335th Regiment of the 335th Regiment of the 113th Division of the 38th Army was in the direction of Songgufeng, and the 337th Regiment built a blocking position against the enemy in the direction of Shutang Station further south.
After nearly three days of fierce fighting, the enemy was eventually forced to discard a large amount of heavy equipment and fled from the small road to Anzhou. Our army annihilated the 7th Division of the enemy South Korean army and most of the Turkish Brigade, and gave an annihilation blow to the 2nd Division of the US Army, severely hitting the 1st and 25th Divisions of the US Cavalry.
The enemy troops were wiped out in total more than 36,000 people and most of them were US troops. This battle also became the most important turning point on the Korean battlefield.
38 Army became famous in this battle. Peng Dehuai excitedly sent the army a congratulatory telegram with the words "Long live the 38th Army, Long live the People's Volunteer Army."
Peng Dehuai
However, this battle Our officers and soldiers also experienced hard battles. How many years later, Jiang Yonghui recalled the battlefield at that time and said:
"Architecture, grenade , blasting tube , explosion tube , and the explosion of the explosive package echoed in the canyon. The enemy abandoned tank , armored vehicles , trucks, and jeeps were endless. I had been in the army for decades, but this was the first time I had seen such a wonder of humanity."
In fact, in the history of our army, there are many examples of different established troops actively cooperating on the battlefield.
For example, in May 1947, in the Battle of Menglianggu, our 9th Column of the East China Field Army blocked the reorganized 25th Division of the reorganized 74th Division in Pegasus Mountain in the reorganized reorganized 74th Division. Seeing that the position was about to be broken through due to insufficient troops, a battalion of my first column happened to pass by. They immediately entered the battle according to the order of the commander of the Ninth Column and finally won.
In the Heishan Blocking Battle of Liaoshen Campaign, not only did the three divisions of the 10th Column undertake the main tasks of the blocking battle; our Liaonan Independent Second Division took out the desperate spirit of "egg hitting stones" and took the initiative to block the enemy's way to Yingkou , but also a division of our Eighth Column also took the initiative to fight the enemy's main force near Tai'an.
Battlefield
It can be said that our army puts victory first so that we can also encircle and annihilate the enemy many times when the command system is in chaos.
It is precisely because of this tradition that when Lin Biao finally encircled and annihilated Liao Yaoxiang's corps, he could only say the sentence "Just find Liao Yaoxiang ".
In contrast, the enemy Liao Yaoxiang's corps headquarters was destroyed by a battalion of our Third Column and immediately became a mess. The troops completely lost their command and were only concerned about escaping and were completely wiped out by our army.
Commanders and fighters at all levels of the People's Army have extremely high initiative. This is a unique skill of this army that repeatedly defeats the more with fewer and defeats the strong with weak.
Reference
[1] Editorial Office of the Chinese Military Encyclopedia. China Encyclopedia·Military. China Encyclopedia Publishing House. 2007
[2] The first army army: the 38th army. Xinhuanet. 2017-07-29
[3] Editor-in-chief of Tang Shaoyun; Editor-in-chief of the Military Encyclopedia Department of the Academy of Military Sciences of the People's Liberation Army of China. Founding General [M]. Taiyuan: Shanxi People's Publishing House, 2005.04. Page 401.
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