In the early morning of March 1, 1979, Xu Shiyou ordered the troops carrying out the Lang Son Battle : Ten thousand cannons bombard Lang Son, no room left!
Only four days later, the main force of the enemy in Lang Son was completely wiped out by the People's Liberation Army. The last barrier guarding the Vietnamese capital Hanoi was broken, and our army could take Hanoi at any time.
. Deng Xiaoping, who was concerned about the front-line war, frowned when he learned about it and said, "It's still too fierce..."
Someone was curious. Isn't the fight between the two armies just to give the other party the biggest blow? Why did Mr. Deng say that?
In fact, according to Xu Shiyou's original vision, Vietnam's main force may be swallowed up. What's going on?
Next, let us clearly say:
1 Xu Shiyou: No room left
One early morning in February 1979, everything on the front line in Guangxi was silent, the command post was brightly lit, and the People's Liberation Army soldiers on the front line were waiting for the superiors to issue orders.
Xu Shiyou sat in front of the military map, watching the pocket watch pointer turn little by little, suddenly raised his head and ordered: "Time is up, the counterattack begins!"
In an instant, tens of thousands of artillery shells roared across the night sky and landed on the Vietnamese border position. After 30 minutes of bombing, the enemy position was basically destroyed. The People's Liberation Army on the Eastern Front quickly advanced towards Vietnam. self-defense counterattack against Vietnam was officially launched.
After the battle started, the 360,000 army of the East-West Line 2 Corps launched an attack on 6 provinces and 11 counties in Vietnam in accordance with the established combat plan. At first, the Vietnamese authorities believed that our army only sent this little force and overestimated its ability, and only sent three divisions of troops and local troops to fight.
is the carelessness of the Vietnamese authorities. Our army completed the first day of combat mission in just 3 hours. Xu Shiyou was very excited after hearing this and asked the entire army to continue his efforts and ordered the Northern Army to surround Gao Ping.
Xu Shiyou
The major troops of the North Group quickly attacked Gaoping, invincible along the way, everything went very smoothly, and soon arrived at the city of Gaoping, a military city.
After receiving the telegram, Xu Shiyou felt a bad premonition, why did the main force of the enemy 346th Division not appear? He believed that the enemy temporarily adjusted his tactics and dispersed his troops, and wanted to engage in guerrilla warfare with our army and mobile warfare.
As expected, when the People's Liberation Army arrived at Gaoping, it was attacked by a small-scale enemy 346th Division. The terrain of Gaoping is complicated, and our army does not understand it when it comes to the first time, but it is repeatedly attacked by the enemy troops hidden in the dark.
Xu Shiyou proposed the tactic of "pulling the net and clearing out the enemy forces entrenched in the mountains and forests.
After 10 days of interspersed combat, the enemy's 346th Division was surrounded and annihilated by our army, and Gaoping was successfully captured by our army.
However, our soldiers were repeatedly attacked by the enemy during the interspersion, which also caused considerable damage.
Immediately afterwards, the People's Liberation Army took and landed on . Seeing that the People's Liberation Army had forced into Lang Son, the Vietnamese Army immediately mobilized the "Vincent Division", the 327th Division, the 337th Division, and the 197th Regiment of the 3rd Division of Vietnam to head north to guard Lang Son. For a time, Lang Son had been arranged with 100,000 troops.
Lang Son location
Lang Son is a military fortress, only 18 kilometers away from the Sino-Vietnamese border and 130 kilometers south of Hanoi. The north of Lang Son is a mountainous area with dense mountains and dense jungles. To the south of Lang Son is a vast plain with endless water networks.
Therefore, Lang Son is the barrier gateway to Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. As long as Lang Son is taken down, the army can directly take Hanoi.
However, it is not easy to capture Lang San. Its outer strongholds such as Kou Mashan, 417 Heights, Mawai Mountain, Bawai Mountain, etc. are closely connected to Lang San. The terrain is dangerous, easy to defend and difficult to attack.
and Langsan City also uses Qiqiong River as the boundary, Hebei is the new city area, and Henan is the old city area.
According to the combat plan of the Central Military Commission, as long as you attack Beicheng District, the task will be completed.
In order to be able to take Lang Son, Xu Shiyou sent the 55th Army,
However, there is only one highway that goes south when entering Lang Son, surrounded by mountains. The main forces of the Vietnam 3rd Division are stationed in major outer high grounds, and dense intersections are arranged from a high point. As long as the People's Liberation Army passes here, it will inevitably suffer heavy damage.
Self-defense counterattack against Vietnam
For this reason, Xu Shiyou decided to gradually capture the outer high ground first, draw points one by one, clear out the outer Vietnamese army, and then launch a general attack along the highway.
However, the Vietnamese army knew the special significance of Lang Son. In order to withstand the People's Liberation Army's attack, it built dense transportation trenches and castles in major strongholds, and also laid a large number of landmines in an attempt to annihilate the People's Liberation Army here.
In the early morning of the same month, the Battle of Lang Son started. It was raining heavily and foggy at that time, and the visibility was poor. The enemy also deployed a large number of landmines, which caused great trouble to our army's advance and suffered great casualties for a while.
To this end, Xu Shiyou ordered the artillery troops to open the way first, use dense artillery to open a road ahead, and then the infantry attack the predetermined target. In this way, the People's Liberation Army gradually advanced and destroyed several firepower points of the Vietnamese army.
Just like that, the next day, the outer defense stronghold of Lang Son had been cleared, and the People's Liberation Army divided into three groups to rush towards Lang Son from east, north and west respectively.
Watching the People's Liberation Army advance layer by layer and sing steadily. The Vietnamese army, which suffered heavy losses, violated the "Geneva International Convention" and used chemical weapons, which caused serious casualties to the frontline soldiers of our army.
Not only that, the Vietnamese army also covered people's eyes and turned black and white, spreading rumors on the news, claiming that Lang San is indestructible, and the People's Liberation Army would be blocked in the area north of Koumashan , and would also use the tactics taught by the Chinese to defeat the People's Liberation Army.
Xu Shiyou was completely angered by the stupid behavior of the Vietnamese authorities. He immediately called Zhu Yuehua, the commander of the 55th Army, asking that Lang Son be razed to the ground without leaving any bricks or tiles.
General Zhu Yuehua had long been unable to bear the rampant behavior of the Vietnamese army. After receiving the order, he immediately mobilized the artillery troops on the front line. In addition to the 4 artillery regiments of the 55th Army, there were also 5 artillery regiments to support. These artillery transported more than 300 artillery to the front area, and arranged an average of 30 85mm artillery per kilometer, which was astonishing.
At the same time, our country also got the Lang Son intelligence map from an overseas Chinese. According to this intelligence map, the troops also issued specific bombing targets to each artillery regiment, mainly transportation hubs, office buildings, military and political facilities and other key places.
With Zhu Yuehua's order, dense shells fell accurately in the key areas of Lang Son. Under half an hour of bombing, Lang Son instantly became a sea of fire, and many enemy troops were blown to pieces before they could react. After the shelling of
, our army advanced rapidly and surrounded and annihilated the remaining enemy troops. In less than a day, the enemy's 3rd Division was completely wiped out, and the 327th Division and 337th Division that supported the enemy were also severely damaged.
On the evening of March 2 of the same year, Lang Son Beicheng District was occupied by the People's Liberation Army, and the five-star red flag was flying over this land.
According to the plan, our army has achieved its strategic goals and can withdraw its troops. Unexpectedly, the Vietnamese authorities claimed that the People's Liberation Army suffered heavy losses in Lang Son and could not cross the river of extreme poverty.
When Xu Shiyou saw that the Vietnamese authorities were desperate for face and refused to admit defeat, he slapped the table in anger and shouted: "Transfer my order to fight the Qiqiong River and let Li Duan completely admit defeat."
At this moment, the Central Military Commission also sent a telegram: Fight for greater victory in self-defense counterattack !
After hearing this, Xu Shiyou said excitedly: " Military Commission is the same as I think. We are now consistent with each other and have no worries."
At 6:50 on the 4th of the same month, our army bombed the Nancheng District of Lang Sang, and the defenders fled everywhere.
Immediately afterwards, seven commandos quickly crossed the river and seized the commanding heights of the periphery. Then the main forces of the 43rd Army and 55th Army entered the Nancheng District of Lang Son. The enemy was no match at all. Our army occupied the entire Lang Son at noon that day.
After hearing that our army crossed the river, Li Duan, who was originally arrogant and domineering, was afraid that the People's Liberation Army would attack Hanoi, so he quickly ordered the First Military Region command post to retreat and build air defense fortifications, notifying diplomatic missions from various countries to leave Hanoi urgently.
2 Deng Gong: He is too cruel
The results of the Lang Son Battle were soon spread internationally. Many famous military experts were shocked by Xu Shiyou's style of playing. Everyone thought that Xu Shiyou's "blasting Lang Son" would be too cruel?
However, in the face of international discussions, Xu Shiyou ignored it. As the commander of the First Army, he could not be merciful at all.
Because kindness to the enemy is cruel to oneself. For example, at the beginning of the counterattack, many soldiers of our army were injured by the seemingly "unarmed" Vietnamese old ladies and children.
After Lang Son was occupied, General Xu Shiyou stood on a high place, overlooking the endless plains to the south, and said to himself, "I will be able to fight to Hanoi in less than 2 hours."
After all, in the plains, our army's maneuverability can be fully utilized, and the power of tanks and cannons can be maximized.
However, at this time, Li Duan transferred the army of Cambodia back to the direction of Hanoi, and on the other hand, he issued a national mobilization order to demand resistance to the end.
This made Xu Shiyou, who was full of military spirit, very angry. He asked the army to advance five kilometers towards Hanoi, pretending to launch a large army to attack Hanoi, in order to teach the ambitious Li Duan Group a lesson.
At this time, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who was far away in the capital Beijing, was also silently paying attention to the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam. Speaking of this counterattack against , it was promoted by Deng Gong who strongly advocated it. What's going on?
At that time, our country was in the early stage of reform and opening up, and the country was in ruins. The Soviet Union deployed millions of troops on the northern border. Once a war was provoked, our country might be attacked on both sides and its economic development would be greatly affected. Marshal Ye, General Su Yu and others believed that there should be no military conflict with Vietnam.
Faced with Vietnam's arrogance, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of my country has repeatedly made solemn statements, warnings and condemnations, but unexpectedly, the Vietnamese authorities have become more and more serious in creating conflicts.
If the Vietnam issue is not solved, then China will prepare for war for a long time. How can we talk about economic development? Deng Xiaoping realized that the Sino-Vietnam War must be fought, but when will the time begin?
In 1978, Deng Xiaoping frequently visited various countries and publicly criticized Vietnam's aggression, which took the lead in public opinion for our country's counterattack against Vietnam. In conversations with heads of state, Deng Gong said that no one or country should trample on China's territorial security.
Deng Gong's sharp words and conspiracy to the Vietnamese war of aggression won the favor of other countries, which made Deng Gong realize that the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam should be put on the agenda.
On December 9 of the same year, Xu Shiyou received a personal general from Deng Xiaoping, allowing him to serve as the commander-in-chief of the counterattack against Vietnam.
Then, the participating troops arrived at the borders of Guangxi and Yunnan one after another. The war was about to break out, and I just waited for Mr. Deng to speak.
At this time, Deng Gong was visiting the United States and was talking to President Carter . Deng Xiaoping said a domineering and exaggerated sentence: "Vietnamese children are disobedient and want to spank."
Obviously, Deng Xiaoping's words have been informed to the world that China is about to launch a self-defense counterattack to give Vietnam a little color.
At the same time, Mr. Deng said this on this special occasion, aiming to shock the Soviet Union and prevent it from acting rashly. After the talks ended, the US government also publicly stated that it would stand in line with China, saying that China and the United States currently have common interests and that the Soviet Union should control and restrain itself. If it dares to interfere in the Sino-Vietnam War, the United States will also take action.
After the United States promised, Mr. Deng no longer had any scruples and announced a self-defense counterattack against Vietnam.
Deng Gong visited the United States
But Deng Gong's original intention was to teach a lesson to the Vietnamese Li Duan group. After all, the contradiction between China and Vietnam was the main plot of the conflict between hegemony The Soviet Union's instigation and counter-revolutionary group Le Duan government. The Vietnamese people are just victims of this war and did not provoke trouble.
Although China has fought back against by itself, it cannot do anything. China and Vietnam have been friendly for the past thousand years, and they cannot completely confront the relationship between the two countries due to the wrong propaganda of the Le Duan Group.
Therefore, Comrade Deng Xiaoping believes that self-defense counterattack should adopt a conservative approach to advance combat, and as long as he attacks the Le Duan Group, he will be able to fight and be afraid. As long as he captures Lang Son, he will achieve a strategic goal.
In early March 1979, the Central Military Commission held a meeting on the situation ahead and discussed Xu Shiyou's performance in the Lang Son Battle. Some people think that Xu Shiyou is too aggressive, while others think that Xu Shiyou has shown the blood and national prestige of the Chinese, and quarreled for a while.
Deng Xiaoping looked around and said slowly, "This Xu Shiyou still beat too hard. This is not good!"
Mr. Deng's words concluded Xu Shiyou's behavior. What he said "fight too hard" is to affirm Xu Shiyou's outstanding performance in the Battle of Lang Son, and on the other hand, he was a bit too much about the Vietnamese army's combat tactics.
However, although Mr. Deng said this, he did not mean to blame Xu Shiyou. After all, "the general is outside, and the military orders are not accepted", and Xu Shiyou did make great contributions.
So, what should I do next? Everyone looked at Deng Xiaoping, and Deng Gong said, "Order Xu Shiyou and Yang Dezhi to withdraw troops from Vietnam..."
3 Xu Shiyou's other vicious plan was rejected
Some people were curious, "I still beat him too hard", why do you say the word "or"? Is it a slip of the tongue?
is not the case. Xu Shiyou once formulated another vicious combat plan, which started with China's strong aid to Vietnam.
After the end of World War II , the French-Vietnam War started. Because South Vietnam has the advantage in terms of troops and weapons, North Vietnam is not an opponent at all, and can only fight guerrillaly.
China's rice aid to Vietnam
In order to win international aid, the chairman of the Communist Party of Vietnam Ho Chi Minh sought help from the Soviet Union and other countries, but because the North Vietnamese regime was not recognized, it was rejected.
Ho Chi Minh had no choice but to seek assistance from New China. At that time, our country was poor and the social order had not stabilized, but Chairman Mao still decided to assist Vietnam. In the next four years, our country donated 155,000 guns, 840,000 bombs, as well as countless quilts, medicines, and food to North Vietnam for free.
In order to make the North Vietnamese army regularized, our country sent a military advisory group to teach our army’s tactical strategies summarized over the years, and welcomed the Vietnamese army to study in the Chinese military academies.
With the strong help of China, the French army was forced to evacuate the Vietnam battlefield in September 1954, and then Vietnam fell into a 10-year civil war.
1964, seeing that North Vietnam was in a strong position to unify Vietnam, the United States openly intervened in Vietnam's internal affairs, and 500,000 US troops entered South Vietnam, and US-Vietnam War started.
At first, the US military relied on its powerful firepower to pour all kinds of shells into the North Vietnamese position like money, and North Vietnam was soon defeated.
However, under China's suggestion, the Vietnamese army broke into pieces and fought a guerrilla war with the US army, thus dragging the US army into the quagmire of war.
During the more than 10 years of War against the United States, China once again supported weapons and ammunition that could be equipped with 2 million troops, and sent experts to guide the construction of factories, roads, bridges, railways, etc.
According to statistics, from 1950 to 1978, China's aid to Vietnam totaled more than 20 billion US dollars, and such a large amount of money was saved by countless Chinese families.
But unexpectedly, in 1975, Vietnam ushered in unification, ending the war that had been nearly 30 years since World War II, and began to turn against others.
The Vietnamese authorities believe that they have defeated the powerful French and US military, and their military strength is unrivaled in Southeast Asia. They then implemented the "Asia Security System" and began to expand Southeast Asia.
Soon after, Vietnam sent troops to control Laos , and then sent large troops to attack Cambodia, support the puppet regime, and create disputes with Thailand. Its hegemony ambitions were obvious.
The Chinese driven out
At the same time, an "anti-China storm" also occurred in Vietnam, with more than 1.5 million Chinese people being driven out, and their legal enterprises and property were confiscated and plundered, causing economic losses of US$3 billion.
Then, under the instigation of the Soviet Union, Vietnam created more than 1,500 bloody conflicts on China's borders, killing and injuring more than 300 Chinese military and civilians.
At the same time, the Vietnamese authorities also illegally declared that the Nansha and Xisha Islands belonged to Vietnam, and forcibly occupied it, and even sent warship to "pave" my country's waters, seized Chinese fishermen and fishing boats, and created many conflicts.
The reason why Vietnam is so arrogant is mainly because of the Soviet Union's support. Since 1965, the Soviet Union has begun to provide strong assistance to Vietnam, and helped Vietnam establish more than 90 industrial enterprises. It also continuously transports advanced weapons, making Vietnam "respect for it."
After Vietnam was unified, the Soviet Union not only did not stop aid, but instead gave Vietnam $2 billion in military aid every year, which greatly increased Vietnam's confidence. Not only did it want to annex Southeast Asia, but it also said: "Every place where kapok blooms is Vietnam's territory", trying to include China's South China area.
Border citizens accused Vietnam of crimes
For Vietnam's "eyed" behavior, Xu Shiyou, who was jealous of evil and upright, naturally could not stand it. He submitted a combat plan to the Central Military Commission.
In this plan, the Kunming Military Region troops formed a corps, and entered the central area of Vietnam from Laos, and then immediately went north to echo the North Corps formed by the Guangxi Military Region, attacking from the north and south, thereby annihilating the army in northern Vietnam.
Xu Shiyou's combat tactics are actually the "circumcision" tactics. During the War of Liberation and Korean War , this tactic was tried and tested. As long as you tie your "pocket" tightly, the Vietnamese army will become a turtle in the jar.
According to Xu Shiyou's combat plan, the total of 300,000 troops from 16 divisions in the two major military regions of Vietnam will be wiped out, and the elite Vietnamese troops will be gone.
For soldiers, this combat method is the most direct and effective solution. While achieving strategic goals, it can also basically defeat the vital forces of the Vietnamese army.
Deng Xiaoping and Xu Shiyou
However, in the eyes of leaders such as Deng Xiaoping, the essence of a self-defense counterattack is to deter the enemy, not to invade or destroy the country. Xu Shiyou's combat tactics are too cruel. Once implemented, international public opinion will be detrimental to our country, and the Soviet Union will also use excuses to raise trouble.
Therefore, Comrade Xiaoping immediately rejected this plan and warned Xu Shiyou that the counterattack was a "punitive war" and that he should be restrained when commanding the war on the front line and not allow Vietnam to have a "national destruction crisis", otherwise it would be detrimental to our country's international image.
However, despite Comrade Xiaoping's repeated instructions, Xu Shiyou did not leave any bricks and tiles during the "Lang San Battle", which still made Comrade Xiaoping think that the fight was too fierce.
4 Xu Shiyou issued three military orders in a row
On March 5 of the same year, Xinhua News Agency was ordered to issue a withdrawal statement, which means that this just self-defense counterattack will come to an end.
Xu Shiyou shouted after hearing this. He commented on the war: "We won, but the price is not small. We spent a lot of money on food, ammunition and oil, and we also suffered many good comrades..."
Xu Shiyou
However, when the People's Liberation Army evacuated Vietnam one after another, the Li Duan Group turned black and white, claiming that the Chinese People's Liberation Army was repelled by the Vietnamese army and Vietnam won the final victory.
Xu Shiyou was furious again when he learned about it. He issued three military orders:
The first is to collect all the weapons, equipment, rice, medicines and other materials that our country has aided Vietnam; the second is to require all troops to bury landmines along the way and set up obstacles to prevent the enemy from taking the opportunity to attack; the third is to destroy all Vietnamese factories, bridges, railways, hospitals, etc. along the way.
The reason why Xu Shiyou issued these three military orders was to destroy Vietnam's industrial foundation and severely attack its economic development.
Most of these industrial facilities are supported by China, so it is natural for my country to adopt the "strengthening walls and clearing the fields" strategy.
It was Xu Shiyou's instructions that severely damaged Vietnam's industrial system and caused Vietnam's economy to retreat for 20 years.
However, when the People's Liberation Army withdrew, the enemy continued to attack along the way, which greatly slowed down the speed of our army's withdrawal. When Xu Shiyou learned about it, he ordered to fight and retreat.
That's it. Our army did not withdraw from Vietnam until March 16 of the same year. The entire self-defense counterattack came to an end, which lasted 28 days.
On May 30 of the same year, with the evacuation work over, General Xu Shiyou also returned to Guangzhou from the Nanning Command.
In the military meeting not long afterwards, Xu Shiyou took the initiative to stand up and said that he made a mistake in command of this war, and suffered heavy casualties on the Eastern Front, and asked the organization to give him punishment.
However, Deng Xiaoping knew that our army had not fought for 30 years, and most of the people who came on the stage were recruits, and grassroots cadres had never participated in any major wars. Some senior cadres in , , and now they suddenly have to command tens of thousands of people, and there will inevitably be serious casualties.
Furthermore, our army mostly fought in the north in the past, and had never fought in the subtropical jungle. We were not adapted to and were not familiar with the combat environment of North Vietnam, and had no experience and lessons to learn, which would also bring about certain casualties.
Deng Xiaoping patted Xu Shiyou on the shoulder and said, "War, there is no immortal..."
Xu Shiyou was very grateful after hearing this. He saluted all the comrades present, and then sat down without saying a word.
Deng Xiaoping knew Xu Shiyou very well. After all, as early as 1938, Xu Shiyou was the deputy brigade commander of the 386th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army, and Liu Shuai and Deng Gong were his old commanders.
Xu Shiyou has a generous personality and is rampant in doing things. Chief Liu and Deng sometimes have headaches for such a subordinate.
However, Comrade Xiaoping also said that sometimes he was undecided to take into account the overall situation, and Xu Shiyou's impulsive action made him make a decision.
Xu Shiyou made many great contributions in many years of fighting. Comrade Xiaoping also admires this beloved general very much and praises him for his courage and courage. Xu Shiyou, who is not afraid of heaven and earth, admires Chief Xiaoping's personality charm very much.
It was the deep friendship formed during the revolutionary period that Deng Gong knew General Xu Shiyou very well, so he personally appointed Xu Shiyou as the commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front.
In January 1985, Deng Xiaoping passed through Nanjing during the southern tour and wrote a letter to Han Peixin, Secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, hoping to meet Comrade Xu Shiyou.
Deng Xiaoping took a photo with Xu Shiyou
General Xu was very excited to learn that Chief Xiaoping was coming to visit him. He planned to go to the station to greet him in person, but unfortunately he was in poor health and could only be powerless. In the end, Comrade Xiaoping called him to persuade him to wait at home.
times On the 1st of the month, Xu Shiyou washed up and dressed up early in the morning, shaved his beard and waited for the arrival of Chief Xiaoping. After meeting, the two hugged each other tightly, and then they talked about their current situation.
In the afternoon, Deng Xiaoping also specially held a banquet for Xu Shiyou to have a meal, and brought Moutai liquor , which had been aged for 80 years, to celebrate General Xu's 80th birthday in advance.
But I didn't expect this was the last time the two met. On October 22, 1985, Xu Shiyou died of illness. Comrade Xiaoping was very sad and took out their last photo to watch silently.
Because Xu Shiyou left his last wish before his death, he would not be cremated and buried beside his mother. However, the last wish violated the central regulations and the person in charge did not dare to approve it, so he had to transfer this problem to Comrade Xiaoping.
Mr. Deng recalled the revolutionary experience of the two fighting side by side over the years, and considered General Xu's great contribution to the party and the country during his lifetime, so he specially gave him a "privilege" and allowed him to be buried in his hometown.
During the revolutionary years, it was the heroes like General Xu Shiyou who came up to the mountains of swords and fell into the sea of fire that they had today's happy life.
In peaceful times, we must not forget the heroes and the great contributions they have made to defend our country.
Editor: Zhiliao
Editor: Lin Hua
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