Nuclear weapon is one of the most lethal weapons that humans have. Because nuclear weapons are too damaging, countries except the United States dare not use them easily on the battlefield. In order to prevent nuclear proliferation, countries have also signed the " Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons" . So far, only nine countries around the world have nuclear weapons. Who are these nine nuclear-capable countries? What is their current economic development level?
1. United States
The United States is the world's first nuclear-capable country.
During the Second World War period, Nazi Germany implemented the "uranium plan" and secretly studied atomic bomb . After scientists such as Fermi , Einstein , etc. learned about it, they were worried that Nazi Germany would first obtain the atomic bomb, which would cause great disasters to mankind, so Einstein wrote a letter to US President Roosevelt , persuading the United States to build an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany. Although Roosevelt knew little about the atomic bomb, he adopted the suggestions of scientists such as Einstein and launched the "Manhattan" plan. 539,000 people participated in the Manhattan Project, including many top scientists such as Bolhl, Fermi, von Carmen, von Neumann, Rutherford, Oppenheimer , and cost 2.5 billion US dollars.
's huge investment has brought the United States' atomic bomb research work from behind, leading Germany, Japan and other countries, and successfully researched in 1994. After
obtained the atomic bomb, in order to force Japan to surrender, the United States dropped the atomic bomb code-named "Little Boy" on August 6, 1945 to Hiroshima, Japan. On August 9, the atomic bomb code-named "Fatty" was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. The huge lethality of the atomic bomb caused the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Japanese people. "Little Boy" and "Fatty" are also the only nuclear bombs used in war.
After World War II, Britain, France, Germany, Japan and other countries suffered heavy blows in the war and declined. The United States and the Soviet Union replaced them and became two superpowers in the world.
In the 1940s and 1950s, the United States dominated the third industrial revolution of , giving it the application of atomic energy technology, aerospace technology, electronic computer technology, as well as in high-tech fields such as artificial synthetic materials, molecular biology and genetic engineering . The United States is now the world's number one power and the world's largest economy. In 2021, the United States' GDP (GDP) was US$23 trillion, the world's number one, and the per capita GDP of was US$69,231. It is a developed country and a high-income country.
2. Soviet Union (Russia)
The Soviet Union is the second country to possess nuclear weapons.
British scientist Klaus Fox , who participated in the "Manhattan" program, provided a large amount of core information from the United States' "Manhattan" program to the Soviet Union, helping the Soviet Union to research its own atomic bomb. In 1949, the first atomic bomb in the Soviet Union successfully exploded.
After World War II, the Soviet Union was a superpower that was on par with the United States. The Soviet Union also formed the Warsaw Pact with Democratic Germany, Hungary , Poland , Czechoslovakia and other countries, and confronted NATO led by the United States. The Soviet Union had developed heavy industry and had military strength comparable to the United States, but the light industry was very weak, and the production capacity of daily necessities such as TVs, refrigerators, cars and other daily necessities was weak, which could not meet the daily needs of the people. In the later period, the Soviet Union also made a "joke" of using warship and American companies to exchange Coke, and the people's sense of happiness was not high.
In 1991, the Soviet Union disintegrated due to internal conflicts and was divided into 15 countries. Russia inherited 70% of the Soviet Union's heritage and international status.
By the Russian period, the powerful heavy industry of the Soviet Union declined. Nowadays, Russia's economy relies heavily on resources such as oil, natural gas, timber, and exports of grain and military products, and civilian industrial products lack advantages in the international market. In 2021, Russia's GDP was US$1647.6 billion, the eleventh largest economy in the world, with per capita GDP of US$12,198, and a middle-income country.
3. UK
During World War II, the United Kingdom, like Germany, Japan and other countries, also had its own atomic bomb research plan, but soon after, Germany began to bomb the British mainland on a large scale. After the large-scale bombing of the mainland, the British atomic bomb research work encountered many problems. In 1943, Britain and the United States reached an agreement, and Britain sent its own scientists to the United States to study the atomic bomb with American scientists. With the help of British scientists, the United States successfully developed an atomic bomb. Afterwards, the United States was treacherous and refused to provide information to the UK's "Manhattan" plan. British scientists were self-reliant and in 1952, they developed their first atomic bomb.
Nowadays, Britain is not as powerful as the British Empire during the period, but it is still a world power. The UK is an old industrial power, with its main industries: mining, metallurgy, chemical industry, machinery, electronics, electronic instruments, automobiles, aviation, food, etc. Biopharmaceuticals, aviation and defense are the focus of British industrial research and development, and are also the most innovative and competitive industries in Britain. London, England is the second largest financial center in the world. In 2021, the UK's GDP was US$310.84 billion, the fifth in the world, with a per capita GDP of US$47,203, making it a high-income country.
4. Before the outbreak of World War II, France had achieved certain achievements in nuclear energy research. After the outbreak of World War II, France surrendered to Germany after only 42 days of resistance, and France's research in the field of atomic bomb was temporarily terminated. After the end of World War II, especially during the 1956 Suez Canal War, the Soviet Union threatened to nuclear bomb Britain and France, which made France realize the importance of having nuclear weapons. With the help of Israeli scientists, France developed its first atomic bomb in 1960.
Although France now lost a large number of colonies after World War II, it is still a world power that cannot be underestimated. France is an old industrial powerhouse and ranks the world's leading position in nuclear power, aviation, aerospace and railways. Its main industries include automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, machinery, chemistry, electronics, daily consumer goods and construction industries. The steel, automobile and construction industries are the three major industrial pillars of France. In 2021, France's GDP was US$294.04 billion, the seventh in the world, with a per capita GDP of US$44,853, making it a high-income country.
5. China
1949 When the new China was first established, my country's industrial foundation was very weak and it was not able to research its own atomic bomb alone. In 1951, during the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, the United States threatened to nuclear bomb our country in order to defeat the volunteer army. In order to prevent our country from regaining Hong Kong, the UK also planned to use an atomic bomb to attack our country. The opponent's nuclear threat has strengthened my country's determination to study the atomic bomb.
After the end of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, the Soviet Union began to provide large-scale assistance to our country, helping us build a complete industrial system, and providing assistance to our country's various scientific research work. In 1964, with the efforts of our country's scientists, our country had its own atomic bomb.
Nowadays, after decades of development, my country has become the world's second largest economy. my country is still the "world factory", with the most complete industrial types and largest industrial scale in the world, but my country is still bored by Western countries in many high-end and sophisticated fields. In 2021, my country's GDP will be US$16.8 trillion, the second largest in the world, with per capita GDP of US$12,359, a middle-income country.
6. Israel
In the Middle East, Israel and Arab countries such as Egypt , Syria , Iraq , and Iran are all enemy countries, and wars often break out, which makes Israel feel insecure. In order to protect themselves, Israel also began its own atomic bomb research work after helping France obtain the atomic bomb. Israel is a nuclear-owned country, but the outside world is not aware of when it obtained nuclear weapons.
In present, Israel has a high degree of industrialization, mainly knowledge-intensive industry , and has a high technical level in high value-added agriculture, biochemistry, electronics, military industry and other departments. In 2021, Israel's GDP was US$467.5 billion and per capita GDP was US$51,416, making it a high-income country.
7. India
1947 After India broke away from colonial Britain and became independent, his first Prime Minister Nehru said: "India must never play a second-rate role in the world, either become a world power or disappear." This made India have had the "Dream of a Great Power" since its inception.
If India wants to become a world power, it cannot be without an atomic bomb.
In the mid-1950s, India began its own nuclear energy research work, but India's weak industrial foundation, low work efficiency, and its partner the United States deliberately dug holes for India, resulting in India's atomic bomb research work being very slow. It was only in 1974 that India conducted its first nuclear test. In 1998, India conducted five consecutive nuclear tests and officially became a nuclear-capable country.
Nowadays, India is also a world power that cannot be underestimated. India is one of the countries with diversified economic and industrial industries, covering agriculture, handicrafts, textiles and even service industries. India's industries mainly include textiles, food processing, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, steel, cement, mining, petroleum and machinery. In recent years, emerging industries such as automobiles, electronics manufacturing, aviation and space in India have developed rapidly. In 2021, India's GDP was US$294.61 billion, the sixth in the world, with a per capita GDP of US$2,185, making it a low-income country.
8, Pakistan
Pakistan and India were originally the same country and both belonged to British India. Due to religious conflicts and religious conflicts, when the British left India in 1947, they formulated the Mountbatten plan and divided India and Pakistan. Let Hindus live in India and Muslims live in Pakistan. After the separation, India and Pakistan have seized , Kashmir region, and , due to religious conflicts, becoming enemy countries, and have been in constant conflict.
Pakistan and India are mortal enemies. After India studied the atomic bomb, Pakistan felt threatened and began its own atomic bomb research program. After Israel possessed the atomic bomb, Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia and Egypt felt threatened, and they began to support Pakistan, which is also Muslim, to study the atomic bomb. In 1991, after the collapse of , a large number of Soviet nuclear experts were unemployed, and Palestinian took the opportunity to recruit them. Soviet experts brought technology and raw materials to Palestine, helping Palestine develop an atomic bomb.
In 1998, Pakistan's first atomic bomb also exploded successfully. Pakistan is now weak in industrial foundation and backward in economic development. In 2021, Pakistan's GDP was US$355.7 billion and per capita GDP was US$1,562, making it a low-income country.
9. North Korea
After World War II, due to interference from the United States and the Soviet Union, the Korean Peninsula was divided into two parts and split into two countries: South Korea and North Korea. In 1950, in order to unify the motherland, North Korea launched the Korean War, but due to the interference of the United Nations military led by the United States, North Korea failed to destroy the South Korean government of Seung-man and achieve national reunification. After that, the US military began to station in South Korea, posing a threat to North Korea's security.
In recent decades, in the face of US sanctions and suppression, North Korea has insisted on developing its own nuclear weapons. In 2006, North Korea became a nuclear-capable country.
Due to the US sanctions and its relatively closedness, it rarely engages in economic and trade exchanges, education, science and technology and other fields, which leads to North Korea's development being relatively backward. In 2020, North Korea's total GDP was US$15.85 billion and per capita GDP was US$620, making it a backward country and a low-income country. Due to the lack of economic data for 2021, North Korea's per capita GDP cannot be counted.
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