In the Sino-Indian war, the West had a puzzled question. Why did China defeat India only take 32 days? It was obvious that the strength and equipment of the Indian army were not bad, and there was not much disparity between the two sides, but the victory was a one-sided situation.
After the war, the Indian side learned from the pain and repeatedly studied it, and summarized the three major reasons for the PLA's quick victory.
First of all, the first reason is , which is that the international situation in reduced the war duration .
Since the mid-1950s, the relationship between China and the United States and China and the Soviet Union has gradually dropped to a freezing point.
Before the Sino-Indian War began, our country was in internal and external troubles at that time. In theory, there were no objective conditions to launch a counterattack war.
Because at that time, both the United States and the Soviet Union suppressed our country, and were both supporting India, constantly challenging our country's bottom line.
However, Chairman Mao opposed the public and resolutely decided to fight back against the Indian army. The main external reason was that the international environment was actually beneficial to our country.
Although both the United States and the Soviet Union are blocking our country, there are also irreconcilable contradictions between them. By 1962, this contradiction broke out in a concentrated manner. This is the Cuban missile crisis that shocked the world.
00000 After the outbreak of the Cuban missile crisis in mid-October, the United States and the Soviet Union had no time to look east. The great man seized this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity and ordered the People's Liberation Army to launch a counterattack five days later.
On the one hand, although Sino-Soviet relations were not very good at that time, the Soviet Union could not oppose our country's counterattack, otherwise it would be very likely to push our country towards its biggest enemy, the United States, so we could only let go of prejudice and remain neutral.
On the other hand, the United States has no time and energy to pay attention to the Sino-Indian war. After all, the Soviet Union deployed the missile at its doorstep. This is what needs to be resolved urgently at present, otherwise the two countries are likely to have a nuclear war.
has no interference from the two superpowers. According to the national strength of China and India, India naturally cannot compete with our country. The elite troops deployed on both sides of were all removed by the People's Liberation Army.
. By the end of October, the missile crisis came to an end for a while. The great man seized the opportunity again and proposed peace negotiations with India, hoping to discuss the border issue so as not to intervene in the United States and the Soviet Union.
However, the arrogant Indian army was not willing to give in and sent troops to invade the border again, but was defeated by the People's Liberation Army. This time, India, which was exposed to a psychological shadow, no longer dared to send troops to disturb the border. After
, the great man also issued instructions appropriately, announcing an voluntary ceasefire, and the People's Liberation Army withdrew 20 kilometers from the actual control line. On November 21, the Sino-Indian War ended successfully.
Interestingly, just the day before the People's Liberation Army announced its withdrawal, the United States announced its withdrawal from Cuba , the Soviet Union also lifted the national tension, and the Cuban missile crisis just ended.
Therefore, the international situation greatly reduces the duration of the war. After the missile crisis was completely over, the great man wisely chose to stop counterattacking so as not to take the opportunity to intervene. By the time the current situation may not be able to control the development of the situation.
Therefore, our army's counterattack against India was completely launched and ended like lightning when the United States and the Soviet Union were unable to take care of themselves. When they realized that our army had already returned to China. The combat speed of
made the West frightened. They found that the execution ability of the Chinese army was too strong. No wonder in Korean War , volunteer army could sweep the troops of 17 countries. This is China's strength!
The second reason why our country won so quickly in the Sino-Indian war is that geographical environment determines that our army must win quickly.
As we all know, the Sino-Indian War broke out on the snowy plateau and ended on the snowy plateau. The key points of the battle between the Chinese and Indian troops are always on the Himalayas with an average altitude of more than 4,000 meters.
. For China and India, fighting under such terrain, it is necessary to fight quickly, because from December to April of the following year, heavy snow will definitely block the mountain, resulting in huge difficulties in combat and logistics supply, or in other words, it is impossible to fight at all.
Moreover, due to the harsh local climate, cars often fail, and manpower and animal power are limited. In addition, my country had not yet built a relatively complete transportation network in the local area at that time, the transportation cost was very high. The cost of transporting the car team was equivalent to the income of 8 farmers and herdsmen in one year.
What's worse is that at the forefront of the war, there are deserted ravines and forests everywhere. If you want to transport supplies here, you need to spend several times or even dozens of times the energy you usually have, and the cost is basically astronomical.
The huge war expenses and difficult combat environment are naturally not conducive to long-term combat. In fact, before the war started, after discussion, the senior leaders of our country agreed that the time should not be taken too long, so they only sent troops of 4 divisions.
And relatively speaking, this battle is more beneficial to the Indian army. After all, northern India is basically an endless plain, climate change is not that complicated, and the local economy and transportation network are also relatively developed. It is obviously easier for the Indian army to transport materials.
If the Indian army is not pushed off the plateau quickly, then our country can only wait until the next year to launch a counterattack, or directly give up the places occupied by the Indian army. In either case, it will be detrimental to our country that urgently needs recovery at that time.
Therefore, the geographical environment determines that the PLA cannot delay and must fight quickly. Otherwise, in the coming year, the Indian army will have experience in plateau combat and related preparations, and if they want to win, they will have to pay a big price.
However, the timing of the Cuban missile crisis and the location of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau determine that our country can only make a quick decision, whether it can print it quickly depends on the specific strength of the People's Liberation Army and the Indian Army.
This is the third reason for my country's rapid victory, and it is also the most fundamental reason. , The People's Liberation Army has stronger combat power than the Indian Army.
The first aspect is that our army's tactics are much more wise than those of the Indian army.
In this war, the Indian army's defensive tactics were very conservative. They built a large number of bunkers and artillery positions in major dangerous places, attempting to resist the People's Liberation Army's attack by strictly guarding the death, thus dragging down our country.
Not only that, the Indian army's tactics when taking the initiative were also very rigid. They pursued the ancient one-character long snake formation , which means that the troops marched in a whole row, and the formation was almost the same as nothing.
However, how could our army attack the fortress one by one? Lieutenant General Zhang Guohua, the commander-in-chief of the front line, calmly analyzed that our army could use the roundabout interlude tactics on the Korean battlefield, and the printing army was surprised.
Just like that, the People's Liberation Army was familiar with the use of roundabout tactics and rushed thousands of miles away. made big dumplings in the four battles, and the Indian army thought our army was a divine weapon from the sky, and its morale, which was not high, collapsed instantly and was defeated.
Especially in the Battle of Xishankou-Bondira, the 11th Division experienced a 7-day and five nights of rapid marching, and opened roads across mountains and built bridges across water along the way. It crossed a full 5 mountains with an altitude of nearly 5,000 meters, and penetrated more than 180 kilometers behind the Indian army, successfully completing the encirclement and annihilation mission.
One of the key reasons why our country defeated India in just 32 days in 1962 is that the PLA tactics are stronger than the Indian army.
For example, in a battle, four people from the People's Liberation Army flexibly used tactics and interspersed alternately, and actually defeated the Indian army of up to 200 people, captured two howitzers and positions, which were recorded in the history of the war.
The second aspect is that the will of the People's Liberation Army is also stronger than that of the Indian Army.
Due to various contradictions such as ethnicity, class, and belief, the Indian army has been in a state of organizational chaos for a long time. Generals and officials compete for power and profit, soldiers are not very willing, and their overall combat effectiveness is weak.
Take the garrison fortification excavated by the Indian army as an example. After the officer threw the excavation order to the lower-level soldiers, he ignored it. After receiving the task, the soldiers often worked hard, and some of the bunkers they built would be broken as soon as they touched them.
But the People's Liberation Army on the other side is completely different. The soldiers have a sense of belonging to the motherland and the people, and the people are behind them. They cannot tolerate a step back and have a strong will to fight. Moreover, this time it was a fair fight, and its morale was naturally higher than that of the Indian army.
Because of this, our army was able to raid more than 250 kilometers in the Battle of Xishankou 7 days and 6 nights, crossed 5 snow-capped mountains , and wiped out the 4th Indian Army's ace in one fell swoop with a magical weapon!
According to the recall of veterans in the snow, after they surrounded the Indian army, the first one to surrender was not the low-paid and discriminated against the lower-class soldiers, but were often those senior officers who were pampered and respected.
And a large part of the reason why Brigadier General Dalvi, the commander of the 7th Brigade of the Indian Army, surrendered was that he could not bear the hard conditions when fighting guerrillas in the mountains.
In addition, when the commander of the 67th Brigade of the Indian Army, Gulbis Singh, was still very afraid when he recalled this battle half a century later. At that time, his soldiers had been beaten to death by the People's Liberation Army, and the wind was full of war.
The last third aspect is that our army's weapons and equipment are better than the Indian army.
During the Sino-Indian war, although the Indian army received military support from the United States and the Soviet Union, it was only a drop in the bucket. Most of the Indian soldiers still used the old Lee Enfield bolt-action rifle, and fired a single shot and pulled the bolt.
. The People's Liberation Army has used 56 semi-automatic rifles and submachine gun . It not only has fast firing speed and great power, but also strong and durable, and can adapt to the harsh environment of the snowy plateau.
In contrast, a group of three people in the People's Liberation Army can suppress the firepower of a platoon in the Indian army. As long as the Indian army dares to get close within 400 meters, unless the number of people exceeds our army several times, it will be annihilated.
In addition, the Indian army's machine gun and artillery are not as good as our army, and they are completely at a disadvantage in firepower. The Bren style light machine gun they used has long been eliminated by the former suzerain country Britain.
In the Battle of Bondira, Indian soldiers were scared by the PLA's superior firepower. Before they could see the weapons of the PLA coming to pursue, they surrendered.
. After they were captured, they realized that the PLA troops that were chasing were actually 7 people. Some soldiers were holding kitchen knives!
Therefore, in terms of tactics, morale, and weapons and equipment, the Indian army could not compare with our Indian army, so naturally they had to return home in a big defeat.
Therefore, with the support of various factors, the People's Liberation Army was invincible and defeated the Indian army in just 32 days, achieving the strategic purpose of teaching India a lesson.
In this war, the biggest nightmare of the Indian army was that the 7th Brigade, which they were proud of, was completely wiped out by our army, and its brigade commander, Brigadier General Dalvi, was even captured by our army, which has become the reason why the Indian army has been afraid of our army until now.
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