The first two chapters introduced the most vigorous 5 and the most powerful A10, this time I will introduce the roughest and most flexible mud leg, Soviet Russia One of the representative models, the Su-25 attack aircraft. To reiterate before the start of the program, Chinese and English are currently the two most widely used languages in the world. Therefore, we will use various translations and Chinese and English transliterations for any foreign language nouns. Russians are also transcribed in English. What I write is English, what I read is English, and what I write is Russian. I can also read Russian naturally. I hope everyone understands.
is still that definition. These three ground-licking artifacts are assault aircraft, mainly to throw explosives on the enemy’s face to detonate in the face of the rain of guns and bullets, and Su 25 is the most defined of this. Perfect explanation, and Su 25 can also be said to be the luckiest of the three.
The Soviet Union has many types of front-line bombers, plus the front-line fighters also have a certain ground attack capability, which is relatively powerful in general. However, the Soviet Union also has similar problems with the United States. The helicopter force is vigorous enough, but lacks special rough guys. The iron cans and ground forces of the United States and Europe are not so easy to clean up. It can be said that the idea for the birth of the new Soviet attack aircraft is similar to that of the United States.
The Soviet Union’s positioning of the new attack aircraft is more accurate than that of the A10. The fire protection and the ability to take off and landing in harsh environments are very good, especially in harsh environments, the harsh environment of the Soviet Union, the United States and Europe Worse. The Soviet Air Force convened several design bureaus across the country to start developing new assault aircraft. Sukhoi, Mikoyan, Ilyushin and Yakovlev all participated in the competition. Later Ilyushin and Sukhoi's designs were more popular. . As usual, let’s not talk about how good a good airplane is, but let’s talk about how bad a failed airplane is.
Ilyushin’s assault aircraft design experience is more than that of Sukhoi. During World War II, Il 2 and Il 10 were both famous images of rough men, Il 10 has also been equipped with China and is considered a strong 5 elder. It is precisely because of the outstanding performance of these aircraft that China is determined to develop a strong 5.
At the beginning of the Cold War, Iraq Shen has developed the very weird Il-40 brawny attack aircraft. This brawny man is actually more suitable to be called a rough man. The test flight of the aircraft is progressing well, but there is a serious problem. After the cannon located in the nose fires, exhaust gas can easily enter the engine and cause it to stall. This, these rough guys all have this problem!
The shape of the whole aircraft is very simple and rough, the figure-eight nose air intake is full of joy, and the aerodynamic design is quite retro. It looks like the previous Ilyushin attack aircraft. The jet version. The Il-40 was cancelled in 1956 for many reasons. Ilyushin seemed to shift his focus to the passenger plane and the transport fuselage. He didn't pay enough attention to the attack aircraft he once loved, and he didn't have a long memory.
The model Ilyushin used in the new plan is the Il102. How can I say the Il102? It may be the most violent and rude model in history! The Il 102 is very large, with a maximum weight of more than 22 tons. It is comparable to the A10 in terms of data. The two engines used are not small. They are the non-afterburning version of the Klimov RD33 turbofan engine used on the MiG 29. Taiwan’s thrust is 51 kilonewtons, and the combined total thrust is 22 tons greater than that of the A10. If it really matters, the Il-102 can almost be used as a bomber.
and Su 25's smoothness is different from A10's alternative. Yier 102 unexpectedly has an 80-year-old face like an 18-year-old boy. The overall appearance is very old-fashioned. The nose is a straight nose, but the angle of inclination is very large, and the field of view is still alive. IntakeThe mouth is particularly forward, even blocking the pilot's side-down vision. The pilot's cockpit is also very small, almost showing his head and driving the plane, which is completely different from the bubble cockpit of A10 and YA9.
The two main wings are not only very long but also very thick, with a wingspan of 16.9 meters, which is about to catch up with the A10. The A10's wing cannot be filled with fuel. The main fuel tank is inside the fuselage, and only part of the wing root is filled with fuel. Ilyushin’s ideas were similar, but although they did not put a lot of fuel in the wings, they installed three bombs! Yes, you heard that right. The design is to make use of space. Six bomb bays are arranged under the heavy wings, which means that the Il-102 can also have a very good attack power without an external plug.
But is this good? Let's continue watching!
Strong 5 used the bomb bay design, but in the later service it proved to be a redundant design. Even if nuclear weapons can be used barely, it is a helpless approach. The significance of designing bomb bays for tactical aircraft is very small.
Yier 102 uses two machine guns, the main gun is the GSh-30-2 double-barreled 30mm cannon, and there is also a GSh23L double-barreled cannon. This is very strange. Why does the cannon that are usually installed on the tail of the bomber and the nose of the fighter appear on the list of weapons of the Il 102?
Extend backwards along the straight nose of the Il 102, you will find that there is actually a cockpit behind the cargo, and the aircraft is installed in the tail. gun. The installation of tail guns on bombers and attack aircraft is a very old practice. It was appropriate during World War II, but in the middle of the Cold War, this design added complexity and structural weight for no reason, and wasted a member. The pilot in the rear cockpit is basically only responsible for controlling the tail gun. There is no substantial redundant design, nor can he operate other weapons. If this rear cockpit is removed, the structural weight of the aircraft will be greatly reduced, and more fuel or more armor plates are much better than this tail gun.
Then, apart from bombers and stealth fighters that did not come out at the time, there are almost no modern fighters to install weapons in the bomb bays, and the external pylons not only save structure The weight can also increase the flexibility, not to mention that the Il 102 is an assault aircraft, and does not pursue high speed, even if the resistance increases. The bomb bay in the wing not only increased the structural weight, but also couldn't design the pylon below, which was definitely a design failure. It can be said that the two absolute failures of the bomb bay and the tail gun were the key to the failure of the IL 102. In fact, this also shows some shortcomings of the Soviet aircraft design. It is not as steady and scientific as the United States. Although there are often magical ideas, this old-school thinking Also everywhere.
Not only that, but the engine selection is also lacking. The new engine used by YA9 will increase the difficulty of maintenance and purchase cost. A10 chose the high-thrust engine common to other aircraft. The engine of the Il 102 is the same as the MiG 29. At that time, the importance of the MiG 29 is much more important than that of the Il 102. It is undoubtedly not wise to choose a new engine. The Su-25 chooses the engine from the beginning. Cost and durability are the top priority. Obviously, Sukhoi at this time has entered a period of high-level design. Ilyushin has basically become a bureau specializing in designing large aircraft, and Antonov has become Brothers.
In addition, the progress of the test flight of the Il-102 aircraft was slower than that of Sukhoi. When the Il-102 test flight, Sukhoi was tested in Afghanistan. Later Ilyushin tried to export, but to no avail, he had no choice but to retire.
The code name of Sukhoi is T8, and T means delta wing. The sweep angle of the main wing of the T8 is only 20It is very close to a straight wing, which is similar to the A10. It can fly at a slower speed and is convenient for capturing and attacking targets on the ground. In terms of airframe structure design, the Su-25 can be said to have brought the strengths of the Soviet Union into full play. Facts have also proved that the Soviet Union's design of this type of aircraft that is rough and suitable for mass production is indeed better than other countries. The T8 made its first flight in 1975, and its test pilot was actually called Ilyushin. Since then, the test pilot named Ilyushin has been involved in the test flight, and the T8 was sent to Afghanistan for actual combat tests in 1980, and was given the name Su 25.
In the early test flight, the Su-25 used an engine derived from the MiG-19, but the afterburner was removed. This would have been the mid-1970s, and the Soviet Union actually had the same engine selection as my country’s Strong 5. However, the Ministry of Aviation of the Soviet Union was unwilling. They believed that the aircraft could choose a reliable engine, but there was no need to choose such a backward engine. Later, Sukhoi changed the engine to the non-afterburner of the Tumansky R13, that is, the R95Sh engine, which increased the thrust to 40 kN. R95Sh particularly emphasizes protection, can directly face the attack of 23mm shells, and is one of the most reliable engines of its kind.
The later improved version was replaced with a more powerful R195 engine, and the thrust was further increased to 44 kN, which is greater than the thrust of the A10 TF34-GE-100. The two engines are installed on both sides of the tail of the fuselage, separated by armor plates in the middle to effectively prevent damage to the other engine.
The appearance of Su 25 looks similar to YA9, but it is more rugged. The nose is relatively delicate, and the cockpit vision can only be said to be lively, but it does not use a bubble-type cockpit similar to a fighter jet. This cockpit protects the pilot as much as possible. Although it is somewhat similar to the traditional Soviet fighter, the original design intention is different. The cockpit cover opens to the right, there is a rearview mirror on it, and the front windshield is a three-piece structure. There is also a foldable boarding ladder in front of the air inlet on the left side of the nose, which is convenient for the pilot to get on and off the plane when ground support is not enough.
is different from A10. The Su-25 uses an upper single wing and has a lower anhedral. The sweep angle of the wing is 20 degrees, and the trailing edge is very straight, which is obviously a low-speed aircraft design. The wingtip is also designed with a small cabin, which contains the landing lights, and behind it is a very alternative air brake, which can be opened to slow the aircraft. There are more weapons hanging points under the wings, 5 on each side, and the total ammunition load is 4.4 tons. Su-25's pylon can not only be hung on weapons and auxiliary fuel tanks, but also can carry people!
As early as the prototype stage, Su-25 developed the auxiliary fuel tank and developed a self-supporting pod. Simply put, mount a container with a larger capacity and stuff it with something fun. The researchers designed four types of pods, which are maintenance pods that can be installed with generators and maintenance tools, and refueling pods that carry fuel pumps and tubing for part-time field gas stations. Su-25's engine does not pick fuel, all kinds of fuel can be used, the field combat capability is currently the world's first. It's not over yet. The third type of pod is a variety of testing and maintenance equipment, and the fourth type is more exaggerated. It directly stuffs an engineer in and releases it after landing. It can be called a real version of a German engineer wrapped in oil paper.
Su-25's own field combat strength is very good, adaptability is the strongest one of the Soviet aircraft at the time. Even more exaggerated is that the Su-25 can use four pods to pack away the equipment it needs, and set up wherever it landed. It does not need a lot of ground equipment support, making the Soviet aircraft adaptable and durable. The advantages have been brought to the limit.
Because the Su 25 has a smaller ammunition load and a lighter fuselage, coupled with a larger thrust engine, the Su 25’s maneuverability is better than that of the A10. Correspondingly, the low altitude and low speed flexibility is also very good, if you say A10 is a warthog that is difficult to gnaw off, so Su 25 should be a flat-headed brother who refuses to take it.
The fuselage of Su 25 is mainly made of metal materials, of which aluminum alloy accounts for 60%, 19% is steel, and the rest is titanium alloy and other materials. Like the A10, the Su-25 also has a titanium alloy bulletproof plate, and the various operating rods of the aircraft are thicker, increasing the aircraft's survivability from the basic structure. In actual combat, the Su-25 also performed the same miracle as the A10 with bullet holes and even flying back after missing a large piece of the fuselage.
It is said that the Su 25 is allowed to drop about one ton of weight by itself. As long as it is not an important structure, the Su 25 will stage the "golden cicada escape" plan. The thickness of the cockpit's titanium alloy armor plate is 10 to 24 mm, the pilot has an additional 6 mm steel armor, and the bulletproof glass in the front is 55 mm thick. The pilot area can basically withstand the shooting of 12.7mm machine gun shells, and some key parts can even withstand the attack of 30mm shells.
The undercarriage of the Su 25 is very interesting. It is laid out in an outer horoscope and the structure is also slightly rough. Although this design is not as simple and easy to use as the landing gear of the A10, it is more adaptable to harsh environments than the A10, because the Su-25 can be said to be the world's most capable aircraft in the mud. Don't think of it as The airplane is best regarded as a simple heavy truck.
Because of this landing gear design, the Su-25 can really take off with deep water like its NATO code name frog feet, as long as it is on a generally flat ground. He can also take off as usual and follow the deployment of troops, which is impossible for other attack aircraft, even the A10 is much inferior. We even vaguely feel that the so-called adaptable vertical short-range attack aircraft may not be as good as Su-25 aircraft.
The large wheels of Su 25 have a large diameter, a high flatness ratio, and a size equivalent to the size of a truck. In addition, the pressure value is low, and the general plane is afraid to land. 25 can take off and land calmly.
To talk about the shortcomings, the Su-25 is also the same as the A10, the onboard equipment is extremely simple, and the cockpit is also very old and simple. Fortunately, the task of the aircraft itself is not complicated, so the instrumentation is not too much. In front of the Soviet watch shops, this is still a new store with more than half of the clearance.
Su 25’s fixed weapons are special. , Su-25 did not use a large Gatling gun similar to the A10, but a GSh-30-2 double-barreled 30mm cannon. This gun was specially developed for the Su-25. It is installed on the left front of the fuselage, and can also be installed in the cannon pod, including many helicopters. This gun has been deliberately optimized for weight and size. The length is about two meters and the weight is just over 100 kg. On the surface it seems that this gun has 5 barrels less than the GAU8, and its power should be greatly reduced. However, the actual rate of fire of this gun is as high as 3000 rounds per minute, which means that the shells fired per unit time can reach nearly four times that of A10. Three points, the power should not be underestimated. To say that it is insufficient, it is that the amount of ammunition is too small, as long as 250 rounds, a few bursts are gone.
Another main weapon of the Su 25 is rockets, and there are many models. Among them are S-5, S-8, S-13, S24 and other rockets of different specifications. The S-5 rocket has a long history. It was originally expected to be used in air combat, but the Soviet Union also found that the rocket had too poor air-to-air effect, so it attacked the ground full-time on the sea. The S5 rocket has a projectile diameter of 55 mm and consists of a fuze, projectile body, rocket motor and wings. The maximum flight speed is 725 meters per second, and the working time of the engine is less than one second. S56 rockets are not powerful, but the advantage is that they can have unexpected effects when conducting large-scale attacks. S5 rockets also often appear on pickups in war-torn areas such as the Middle East, and they are extremely powerful.
S8 rocket is more powerful, weighs more than ten kilograms, and its diameter has been increased to 80 mm. The overall layout is similar to S5. There are many types of S8 rockets, and there are many types of rockets. Soviet armed helicopters and various front-line fighters It can be used with frontline bombers and even Su-27s, and the vehicles that attack surface targets and clusters are very effective. The widespread use of rockets is a difference between the United States and the Soviet Union. Rockets have high efficiency and low cost, and until now they have been very efficient means of ground attack. The
S13 rocket is a more powerful weapon, which has been increased to 122 mm in socialism. It is generally launched with a 5-tube launcher. S13 is powerful and is mainly used to attack tough ones. It can easily penetrate one-meter-thick reinforced concrete. There are also special types of anti-personnel bombs and fuel-air warheads, which are widely used.
The most powerful rocket is the S24 rocket with a diameter of 240 mm, a weight of up to 235 kg, and a warhead of 123 kg. Just a few rounds can severely damage a warship. The S24 rocket is too bulky, so it cannot be used in the launching nest. It is mounted on the wing or under the fuselage like a missile. In the Afghanistan War, the Mi-24 used this extremely powerful rocket, and it could mount multiple rockets. When the Mi-24 launches this rocket, there is a risk that the engine will be stopped by the thick smoke, so ordinary crews dare not use this monster.
Aviation bombs and various cluster bombs and cluster bombs are also a great weapon of the Su-25. Many missiles and guided weapons are also equipped with the Su-25, which can also be seen from the weapons. In fact, the Su-25 is the same as the A10. It has a good precision attack weapon, but the main weapons are still the third oldest, machine guns, rockets, and iron bombs.
Su 25 has many derivative models, among which Su 28 is a coach type, also known as Su 25UT. This is not a two-seater version of the trainer, but a real trainer without weapons. The Su-25UB is a two-seater version, which can be used for training and missions. The Su-25K is an export version, which is different from the Soviet aircraft itself. To put it bluntly, it is the monkey version. It uses older equipment and does not have the ability to launch air-to-surface missiles. Similarly, the Su-25UBK is the export version of the two-seater aircraft.
The most special of the Su-25 family is the Su-25UGT, which is used to train Soviet carrier-based pilots. This aircraft is one of the earliest fixed-wing carrier-based aircraft in the Soviet Union, and it is still in service on Russia’s only aircraft carrier. If the aircraft carrier is no longer smashed into holes, no longer fires, and no accidents, we can still see the Su-25UGT.
The Afghan War was the first actual combat in which the Su-25 took part, and its performance deserves recognition. At that time, the Soviet helicopter force suffered a lot of losses, not only because the Americans were behind the scenes, but the helicopters fighting in the mountains were very easy to be attacked by various weapons, so the losses were very large. Su-25 is different, heavier armor can directly face the attack of small-caliber air defense weapons. The Su-22 is a frontline bomber of the Soviet Union, but in terms of size and performance, it is closer to the A7 attack aircraft of the US military, and it is quite different from the genuine fighter-bombers such as the F111 and Su-24. In actual combat, the protection of aircraft such as the Su-22 was obviously insufficient, and shells or even large-caliber machine gun shells that hit the engine or important parts could kill the rest. On the contrary, the Su-25 is very annoying. The dual 23mm anti-aircraft guns can't shoot it down. The general bullets hit it with holes all over the body and it can fly back strong, and the tail is beaten back. So far, the only combat aircraft that can do this frequently are actually it and the A10 and the strong 5.
In fact, the earlier appearance on the battlefield in Afghanistan is the absolute reason for the Su-25's victory in the competition. The progress is fast, the design is excellent, and the performance is still outstanding on the actual battlefield. No one will give up an excellent fighter who can go to the battlefield at this time, and choose an abandoned child who is still in his infancy.
Like Su 24, Su 25, as a younger brother, also carried out improvements at the beginning of his service. This is the Su 25TM, also known as Su 39. The Su 39 is designed on the basis of the Su 25UB, with a wider and longer nose and new guidance and sighting equipment. In fact, the Soviet Union, including now Russia, is aware that the Su-25 and A10 in the context of the nuclear war are indeed one-off planes. However, in the era of relative peace, the Su-25 cannot be a rough man, and at least wear a tooling boot. A flowered shirt and, although still not refined enough, it also has a bit of fashion and fashion. Maybe you can still take pictures on the street!
A GSh-6-30 Gatling gun was installed in the early Su 39. This gun was also equipped on MiG 31 and MiG 27. Energy Gatling weapons. The main installation objects of the GSh-6-30 are the MiG 31 and MiG 27. The MiG 27 suffers from the vibration and noise of this gun comparable to the GAU8 cannon, and often damages the fuel tank of the fuselage due to vibration. Other structures even caused the front landing gear to fail, and at least three crashes were related to this failure. Looking back at the steel-structured MiG 31, it turned out to be Dashuai Zhang among the fighters. There are really too few younger generations to compare with.
Although the power of this gun is slightly weaker than the A10 American Cigar, it is not affordable by ordinary small planes, and its rate of fire is even higher than the A10 GAU8 Be fast, the bounce (but) density is greater.
Su 25 found that the vibration of this gun is a bit large in the test. After all, it did not use GAU8 as a fixed weapon at the beginning of the design like A10, and after switching to GSh-6-30, it will be designed to be more Large-capacity drums can reach the level of A10. This is not as simple as pulling a double eyelid. It is inevitable to peel the skin and move the bone. So later Su 39 did not froze the Siberian dry smoke and continued to use the double-barreled 30mm gun of Su 25.
The focus of Su 39's improvement is the electronic system. An electronic device compartment has been added to the nose of the Su 39, which adds a lot of equipment. Su-39 has an additional SAU-8 automatic flight control system, the engine has also been improved, and the infrared characteristics have been reduced. In addition, infrared jamming devices and jamming bomb launchers have been installed. Obviously they have learned the lessons of the Afghanistan war. .
The automatic operating system of the aircraft allows the aircraft to fly according to the preset route, and even has an automatic landing system. The aircraft also has a radar named Lance 25, and an electronic countermeasure system that directly interferes with the enemy's radar.
The installed navigation attack system can find tanks 8 kilometers away, even at night, can be found 3 kilometers away, and use the carried 9M120 cyclone missile attack, enough to penetrate one meter thick armor. It can also deal with low-altitude and low-speed aircraft. The weapon has also increased the AS17 and A17 air-to-surface missiles, and the attack range is getting larger and larger.
Not only that, Su 39's air-to-air missiles have also been upgraded in all directions, and can use R60 short-range missiles. What’s even more frightening is that the Su 39 also has the famous R73 vector fighting missile. Any aircraft that wants to kill the Su-25 must be thought of. If you are not sure, once the missile hits the Su-25, people say you are In search of a dead end, he turned around and came back to fight back, and 80% of the crash was himself. How about it, that Su-25 is the luckiest attack aircraft, not too much! Although
A10 is still improving life extension, it is more of a compromise. The Su 25 series are quite different. They are truly irreplaceable. Under the fortunate appearance, they have both excellent strength and helplessness when talking about Russia. After the economic recovery, Russia began to improve a large number of old aircraft. The Su-24 and Backfire mentioned before have undergone modernization, and the Su-25 is no exception.
Su 25SM is a new model improved on the old model. The navigation system, radar electronic system, and instrumentation have been replaced, and even the fighting missiles have been replaced with advanced R73E. Because of these improvements, the latest and improved model of the Su-25 SM3 actually has a very nice and compact cockpit.
However, the Su 25 itself, like the A10, is a product of a special historical period. In addition, Russia’s economy is not optimistic. The A10 may be retired in more than ten years, while the Su 25’s retirement may be indefinitely. .
As the first of its kind to be retired, the strong 5 is considered a fame, the combat mission of the strong 5 has been replaced by various fighters, and the lightweight and flexible trainer has become the vast majority. The state used to replace the previous excellent models of attack aircraft and even light fighters. The situation of the Su-25 is very similar to that of the A10. Both have produced a lot, but the number in service so far has dropped to more than 100. Unfortunately, the replacement of the Su-25 has not yet appeared. The United States has determined to replace the A10 with the F35. Russia is not sound yet!
is the final chapter of the Three Masters of Mud Legs. While admiring these aircrafts, we must also see the deficiencies of these aircrafts. We have always emphasized that these aircraft have good low-altitude flight performance and can even defeat some fighters in combat. But fighters are fighters after all. If they are unable to compete in air combat, they will definitely fail. Judging from the performance of the current mainstream fighter jets, once these aircraft are really willing to safely shoot down the attack aircraft, then these three mud legs will definitely fall into the sand. In actual combat, Su-25 is often shot down by US military aircraft and sometimes by man-portable anti-aircraft missiles. Those who once hit a missile and then returned safely are all cases. Fighter bombers have also been hit by missiles and returned. Bigger.
From the perspective of birth, these three types of aircraft were born during the Cold War, and they all faced powerful ground armored forces. They used aircraft to fight the ground with extremely powerful air defense firepower. The troop itself is a kind of gambling, or probability. These protective designs do not guarantee the return of all aircraft, but return as many as possible, which cannot change the original intention of large-scale consumption. Judging from this essential issue, these aircraft are no longer suitable for modern warfare. You can't say that they can bully the guerrillas and small countries, just say they are powerful!
Moreover, when they were born, these aircraft were very simple. The so-called high-tech warfare is completely different from today. From today's perspective, these three should be retired long ago. As for why our military fans are so Infatuation, is it not because of the feelings of the cannon giant ship?
Su 25’s successor is no longer a single fighter, but a titanium armored Su 34 and multi-purpose Yak 130 and Su 35 improved third-generation aircraft. At the same time, after all, these days when superheroes are popular to save the world, pure action movies are no longer so popular. In addition to jet aircraft, the rise of military helicopters has also greatly divided the territory of attack aircraft or attack aircraft. UAVs with low cost and low loss, and convenient mass production are the core of the revolution. Do you think we will have no mud legs if we retreat from the strong 5? All kinds of drones are flying above your head, they will not dive and shoot rockets, but will clear you down as if playing games! No matter if you have more people, there are too many drones on the production line!
Okay, that's all for the attacker's content. Our next issue is on track, so please look forward to it!
