"5, 4, 3, 2, 1, ignite!"
A few days ago, in the cold weather at minus 20 degrees Celsius, China's tenth manned spacecraft - Shenzhou No. 15 was ignited on time at the Jiuquan satellite launch center . The huge tail flame erupted by the rocket instantly illuminated the night sky of the northwest Gobi. A few hours later, three astronauts successfully entered the Tiangong Space Station and met with the Shen Fourteenth Crew Group. conducted for the first time in orbit rotation in Chinese aerospace .
Starting
Related news has aroused heated discussion at home and abroad. Before this, the list of astronauts of Shenzhou 15 also sparked heated discussions among people. Many netizens saw many familiar faces in the previous Shenzhou flight missions, such as Nie Haisheng , Wang Yaping , Liu Yang , etc., so they couldn't help but guess: my country's first manned spacecraft Shenzhou 5 astronauts of Yang Liwei may also appear in the list of astronauts of Shenzhou 15.
However, this speculation did not become a reality in the end. The God 15 flight crew consisted of astronauts Fei Junlong , Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu, and Yang Liwei did not appear. This aroused people's curiosity, where did Yang Liwei go? After 19 years, why didn’t Yang Liwei complete the second flight? Some netizens also speculated that Yang Liwei was unable to ascend to heaven again because of his age limit, so what is the truth?
The boy's heroic dream, ambitions are in Lingyun
In fact, all of this can be found in Yang Liwei's autobiography " Heaven and Earth Nine-Level ". As the first batch of active astronauts trained by China and the first astronaut to fly into the sky, Yang Liwei devoted his life to the aerospace industry and was the first to be awarded the title of " Aerospace Hero ", fulfilling his childhood dream and becoming the person he wanted to be the most when he was a child.
On June 21, 1965, Yang Liwei was born in an ordinary family in Suizhong County, Huludao City, Liaoning Province. His mother was named Wei Guilan and his father was named Yang Deyuan. Both of them started teaching in a local middle school, and later Yang Deyuan was transferred to a local local product company to work. Their family has five people, Yang Liwei is the second child in the family, and has an older sister and a younger brother.
In Yang Deyuan's eyes, when the three children were young, the second child was the most introverted and not brave. Among the group of young boys in Northeast China who were both skinny and poor, they seemed even weaker.
Yang Liwei's childhood photo
So in order to cultivate his son's courage, Yang Deyuan began to take his son to climb mountains and swim, and climb trees and pick fruits in the mountains. When he was in elementary school, Yang Deyuan suddenly realized that his son had already been "out of control" and had become the "King of Children". He often took his companions to have fun in the mountains and rivers of the countryside, digging treasures, searching for ancient temples, and looking for "Fox Fairy". At the same time, he also changed his name to himself. Once upon a time, his name was "Yang Liwei". One day, in the elementary Chinese class, he learned two words "standing" and "victory". He suddenly felt that the "power" in his name in is far less domineering than the "profit" of "victory", so he changed his name to .
Yang Liwei once wrote in his autobiography: The 1970s was an era of worshipping heroes and longing for victory. We have grown up listening to heroic stories such as Dong Cunrui, Huang Jiguang, Qiu Shaoyun, and Lei Feng since we were young.
Yang Liwei, who was determined to hear more hero stories, began to focus on collecting various villain books. If his family had no money, he would pick up waste. If he could sell it, he would save all the money. If he saved up a few cents, he would buy a set. Slowly, he would have the hero stories in books such as "Water Margin", "The Legend of Yue Fei" and "Railway Guerrillas", he had already become familiar with the heroes in every day. He was immersed in the ups and downs of heroes fighting to defend their country and the ups and downs of the story plot. His greatest hope was that he could win the battle like them!
After that, he did fight with his classmate Erbao. The final result was that he won, but Erbao's head was smashed. He lost the expected happiness in his heart, but instead fell into deep self-blame. After returning home, he took out the 10 yuan he had saved with his waste. This time, he did not buy books, but handed the money to the teacher and asked the teacher to hand it over to Erbao as the medical expenses of Erbao. That time, he vaguely understood that being a hero should not be like this. Fighting with his classmates is not a hero.
Later, when he was swimming in the river with his friends, his classmate Xiaopang almost drowned. Yang Liwei turned back without saying a word. He didn't care about choking the water and saved Xiaopang with his own strength. After that, they also called him "Brother Yang" . Yang Liwei was very helpful to this. It was the first time he truly realized the feeling of being a hero.
Yang Liwei and his parents
. Yang's father and mother saw these things about their son from beginning to end. The two did not think that their son was not doing their job properly, nor did they think that it would delay their son's study, but instead expressed their support for their son's actions. Yang's mother, who has been engaged in education for a lifetime, said: If is destroyed by the naughty nature of children, it is also destroyed by the personality.
With the support of his parents, Yang Liwei's "hero dream" was completely inspired, and he began to yearn to become a real hero. Later, at a "August 1" event organized by the school, he saw the pilot flying a silver plane in the air at the naval airport near his hometown for the first time, falling from the sky with a snow-white parachute on his back...
In addition to the times, the hero himself also became a hero
. It was from that time that the dream of becoming a pilot began to take root in his heart.
In 1983, Yang Liwei, who had won many physics competition awards since middle school and had outstanding high school science scores, decisively gave up applying for the university after hearing that the Air Force was recruiting personnel and resolutely submitted the recruitment registration form. In the end, with excellent physical and psychological qualities, 18-year-old Yang Liwei stood out among the enrolled students and was soon selected to become a formal Air Force cadet.
During the days of Air Force Academy , Yang Liwei received boring and rigorous training day after day. Every day, he was at the dormitory training ground and canteen, and his spirit and body were all in a highly tense state. A few months later, this concept of strict discipline and no slackness had penetrated into his entire daily life, and in the days that followed, it affected his life.
1984, more than 70 Air Force cadets, including Yang Liwei, were transferred to the Eighth Aviation School in Xinjiang and began to learn to drive the fighter . These boys are all in their early twenties and are full of energy and are full of enthusiasm for the fighter jets. But soon, everyone realized the cruelty of training. In the end, only a dozen of them were not eliminated in the more than 70 students, including Yang Liwei.
In 1987, Yang Liwei officially graduated from military academy and started his career as a military pilot. This took eight years. During this period, Yang Liwei's life entered a new stage. He entered the marriage hall with Zhang Yumei, a girl from the same county. He began to have to shoulder the burden of his family. Considering the family's financial conditions, some relatives and friends advised Yang Liwei to consider changing jobs to drive a civil aviation plane, but Yang Liwei, who had ambition, was unwilling to give up, and he wanted to stand up again.
Finally facts prove that opportunities are always left to those who are prepared. On September 21, 1992, the China Manned Space Mission Project was officially launched. In early 1993, after obtaining his wife's understanding and support, Yang Liwei not only did not transfer his career, but instead went to a regiment of the aviation corps stationed in Sichuan to accept more challenging missions. took two years to fly the basic course of the fighter , mastered all his skills, and served as the pilot director.
It was at this time that hard work pays off, and Yang Liwei and others came to a new starting point in their life . 1htmlIn September 1995, my country's manned space engineering command decided to select reserve astronauts from the active pilots of the Air Force. At that time, Yang Liwei's safe flight in the army reached 1,350 hours. He was already a first-class pilot. Yang Liwei, who met all the conditions, quickly received a selection notice, which made him ecstatic. The selection process of
is very detailed, and it can even be described as harsh. At the beginning, a total of 886 pilots participated in the selection, but in the first round of physical examination, 796 people were screened out. After several rounds of screening, another 50 people were screened out. At this time, 8 months have passed since the initial screening, and finally the last round of screening was carried out. The remaining 40 pilots were sent to the astronaut center for special functional inspections.
Here, everyone has experienced the most difficult test and has seen equipment and instruments that they have never seen before, such as centrifuge , pressure test chamber, rotating seat and swing, etc., especially when rotating rapidly on the centrifuge, the human body has to withstand overload 7 times the weight, the human facial muscles will deform, the heartbeat will accelerate, and even symptoms of brain ischemia and fainting. The tester is very painful to do. After this round of test, there were very few pilots left, and Yang Liwei was one of them.
In 1997, Yang Liwei officially became one of the first batch of active astronauts in China. There were 14 people in the first batch, and all of these 14 people were rare. Some of them were young and vigorous, some were highly educated, and some were even double bachelor's degree, which made Yang Liwei, who has always been the top, feel the pressure of reality .
In the next four years, during the days of studying in the Aerospace Brigade, physical training was his strength, and theoretical knowledge was his weakness. So Yang Liwei devoted more time and energy to arm himself than others in his weaknesses. He studied every course very hard. In order to remember the color, position and function of all instrument buttons in the spaceship simulator cabin, he even spent 10,000 yuan at his own expense, that is, his 5-month salary, bought a camera, took photos of every corner of the simulator cabin, recorded the video, and went back and watched it over and over again. finally engraved the layout of the cabin in his mind.
2001 to 2003, during the preparation for the Shenzhou 5 flight mission, Yang Liwei also experienced the psychological test of his wife being seriously ill. He traveled back and forth between the hospital, home and the army every day, taking care of his sick wife, while going home to cook for his son and sending his son to school. After 10 o'clock every night, he began to learn the knowledge of aerospace . Most people may not be able to withstand such a load, but he resisted it.
The US Space Shuttle Columbia exploded and disintegrated
In addition, the foreign aerospace environment was worrying at that time, and the international aerospace industry was in trouble. February 1, 2003. The US space shuttle Colombia suddenly exploded and disintegrated on its way back to Earth, and none of the seven astronauts lived ; on August 22, the Brazilian launch vehicle exploded at the launch site, and the star arrows were gone, and 21 people were killed. All of this became the stone in the hearts of astronauts preparing for the Shenwu .
Photography of seven astronauts before the departure of the US "Columbia"
What is rare is that at that time, the elimination rate of 14 people in the Chinese Space Brigade was zero, and all had the ability to independently perform space flight missions, and their performance was far superior to that of the US and Russian astronauts. After 19 years, as of the recent launch of the 15th God, the first batch of 14 astronauts have completed their first flight mission.
China Space Brigade
And Yang Liwei was finally rated as the first flight astronaut because of his best performance.Yang Liwei said: "I am glad that I have caught up with the good era of the booming development of the motherland's aerospace industry, and have the opportunity and platform to realize my ideals."
However, in addition to the times, the most important thing is to achieve heroes.
Before Yang Liwei set out
Behind the realization of each hero's dream, there are heroes who are ready to not be able to return
"10, 9, 8, 7..."
Shenzhen 15th launch 19 years ago, on October 15, 2003, also at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, the countdown to the ignition of Shenzhou V sounded. When it reached 4, Yang Liwei naturally saluted a military salute, and warm applause came from the surroundings.
That moment is enough to make people remember their lives. Everyone was excited and worried. Even Yang Liwei himself was actually ready to bury himself in space. Before rushing to the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, Yang Liwei returned home and specially pulled his wife to teach her how to adjust the table because she was about to leave. At that time, his wife understood what Yang Liwei said immediately, and grabbed the alarm clock and said: "No, I'll wait for you to come back to adjust it!"
Yang Liwei and his wife Zhang Yumei
At that time, Yang Liwei's wife was in the studio, watching her husband saluting everyone. At the moment when the rocket ignited and launched into the air after the countdown, she moved her eyes away. She was too scared and her mind was blank and she dared not think about anything.
At the beginning, Yang Liwei felt that the muscles in his body relaxed and the pressure was not as great as when he was training. But before he could relax for a long time, just when the rocket rose to a height of 30 to 40 kilometers, he experienced the life and death that he still feared when he remembered it 26 seconds. At that time, the rocket and the spacecraft suddenly trembled sharply, and they resonated with the human body and .
"My internal organs seem to be about to break, almost unbearable." This is the most intuitive feeling of his at that time that Yang Liwei described in his autobiography. It was not until 26 seconds later that the resonance slowly eased that Yang Liwei felt relieved and regained his life. What he had no idea at the time was that besides himself, the scientific and technological personnel in the ground command room also had a very difficult time in those 26 seconds. The surveillance screen showed that Yang Liwei was motionless at that time. It was not until 26 seconds later that Yang Liwei took action that the scientific researchers shouted excitedly: "Liwei is still alive!"
After Yang Liwei completed the task and returned to Earth smoothly, after repeated trials by the scientific and technological personnel, the resonance problem of life and death was finally solved. After that, Shenzhou VI took off, and no similar situation occurred again. In addition, after Yang Liwei completed the Shenwu mission and returned to Earth, submitted a total of nearly 200 problems, including , of all sizes. Based on Yang Liwei's feedback, the researchers made improvements one by one when Shenji 6 was lifted off. Some of the improvements were very subtle, but greatly improved the safety of the spacecraft.
, which is also one of the important reasons why Yang Liwei did not return to space after the completion of the God Five mission. After the Shenwu mission was over, according to the needs and organizational arrangements of career development, Yang Liwei served as deputy director of China Astronaut Center and deputy director of China Manned Space Engineering Office. grew from a flying astronaut to an organization manager of my country's manned space engineering. With his assistance, my country's astronaut brigade has produced many talents and the aerospace industry has made greater progress.
On the other hand, Yang Liwei's military rank was promoted from major to major general and won various honorary titles, but Yang Liwei never used his name to talk about it. He said:
"After the Shenzhou V flight, I also went from being a person who had little contact with the outside world, as if I suddenly became a public figure, and even a "celebrity". But I deeply know that it was the motherland and the people who chose me, and it was the millions of scientific and technological personnel who held me to fly into space. Flying in the sky is the profession and career, original aspiration and mission of each of our astronauts."
Although Yang Liwei did not go into space again on Shenzhou 15, he was not absent. He also accepted the invitation from CCTV and served as the live broadcast commentator of Shenzhou 15 launch.
postscript
The motherland is strong, and China's space achievements are obvious to all around the world. In the field of manned space flight, it has been transferred from exploration and experiments to the normal operation stage of space station . From Shenzhou 12 to Shenzhou 15, in less than a year and a half, my country has successfully launched 4 manned spacecraft, and a total of 12 astronauts have been sent to the space station, constantly breaking the record of in-orbit residence.
When China's manned space mission project was first established, it formulated a "three-step" strategy early in the morning and has been moving forward steadily for 30 years. At present, the last step of the "three-step" has reached its climax. The last step is space station construction, which is mainly divided into two stages of implementation: key technology verification and construction. The mission of God Thirteen is the final mission of the key technology verification stage. This time, God Thirteen and God Thirteen have started the space transfer shift. The previous shift has not left yet, and the next shift has arrived. As the "successor", God Thirteen is still the last manned flight mission in the construction stage of China Space Station . In other words, the Chinese space station will soon be built from construction to application and development .
China Space Station robotic arm
Correspondingly, the scientific research achievements made by China's space station have become more and more people's attention. Compared with others, people pay more attention to the achievements made in the previous one, such as the design of the "Flying" space service , the space station robotic arm, space plants, etc. It is worth reminding that the achievement of these scientific and technological achievements cannot be separated from human efforts. It is because of the scientists who are struggling to move forward in the exploration stage and the astronauts who are ready to get back and are ready to board space that China's aerospace achieves today.
Some netizens commented under Yang Liwei's articles: "There are more people on earth in heaven and go..." Such a light sentence makes people feel uncomfortable when they read it. There are indeed more people on earth in heaven, but in China, Yang Liwei is the first astronaut to board space.
When interviewing reporters, Yang Liwei said that he had never fallen behind in training and was ready to go to war for the country at any time. In other words, Yang Liwei, 57, is not subject to age restrictions. Shenzhou 16 has completed the assembly test, and Shenzhou 17 and Shenzhou 18 are also preparing. In the future, Yang Liwei may still return to space.
