The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea was a severe test faced by the newly born China. At that time, we were in a mess and did not have the weapons and equipment and military equipment that could fully confront the enemy.
In this war, many heroic soldiers and heroic troops emerged. Among them, there is such a team. Their heroic deeds were not only written into books by the Japanese, but also Korean elderly people praised them for their poetry.
This unit is the 38th Army of the Chinese Volunteer Army, known as the "Long Live Army". The Japanese wrote into the book the regiment-level commander of this unit Fan Tianen .
Who is Fan Tianen? What achievements did he make on the Korean battlefield, so that he, as the only regiment-level commander, was recorded by the Japanese in the "Who's Who in the Korean War"?
Flying Tiger Mountain Blocking Battle
In the battle to liberate Tianjin, the 38th Army and the 39th Army jointly undertake the assault mission from west to east, captured the Kuomintang army Tianjin Garrison Command, and captured Lieutenant General Commander Chen Changjie alive. Fan Tianen was there.
Later, with the main force of the People's Liberation Army heading south, the two armies also participated in many battles such as Yisha Battle, Hengbao Battle, , Guangxi Battle, , and other battles. The battle took place from the Northeast to Yunnan, almost fighting nearly half of China.
So when deploying the strategy of North Korea's combat, Peng Dehuai was very excited. He felt that this force could play a very important role in the Korean battlefield.
Peng Dehuai
So, Peng Dehuai focused on deploying the 38th Army and the 42nd Army's 125th Division Yu Xichuan area, allowing them to destroy the main force of the 8th Division of the South Korean Army here to defeat the enemy's right wing on the western front. After the plan was successful, the 38th Army returned to the enemy's left wing and surrounded the enemy on the western front in the area north of Qingchuan River and annihilated it in one fell swoop.
Peng Dehuai concentrated a total of six divisions to snipe Xichuan's enemy troops and handed over the most difficult task to the 38th Army. Peng De has a special emotion for the 38th Army.
When the Pingjiang Uprising was , he personally trained the Red Army troops of the 38th Army at that time. He knew very well how powerful the central strength of this army was, and he also believed that the army's fighting spirit that was not afraid of difficulties could be promoted in the 38th Army.
However, what Peng Dehuai did not expect was that this army he had high hopes for disappointed him at the beginning of the war.
According to the plan, the 38th Army would work with other troops to block Xichuan's enemies. However, when other troops were already fighting against the enemy in Xichuan, the 38th Army was delayed on the road and had not arrived for a long time.
When Peng Dehuai learned the news, he said angrily:
"What happened to Liang Daya? He was so slow and he was like a woman with a small foot, and he would miss the big thing."
The war changed rapidly, and the original plan could not proceed as usual.
Liang Xingchu
Time does not wait for anyone, and the situation on the battlefield does not wait for anyone. Peng Dehuai quickly changed his combat strategy according to the situation and asked the 38th Army to quickly capture Xichuan.
Other troops arrived at the designated location early in accordance with the deployment of superiors and fought against the enemy troops in their area.
However, the 113th Division of the 38th Army entered Xichuan on the 28th and did not start an attack until dusk on the 29th. But I never thought that the eighth Division of Han here would have run away long ago.
Peng Dehuai was furious and cursed Liang Xingchu, the commander of the 38th Army, and asked him to chase the enemy quickly and attack and advance towards the stadium Junjing, and to prevent the enemy from retreating from there to the south of the Qingchuan River.
Liang Xingchu missed the opportunity for combat, all because of a military situation reported by Yang Dayi, the commander of the 112th Division, at that time, saying that Xichuan had been occupied by a "American Black Group".
What if the arsenal of the People's Army north of Xichuan was discovered by these American soldiers? Liang Xingchu sent the 113th Division to protect this arsenal.
Neither of them tried to find out the truth first, so they rushed to send the troops out. When they realized that it was too late to do anything.
Liang Xingchu could only find a way to make up for his mistakes. He issued an order to Yang Dayi:
"You can attack Feihushan immediately, take Feihushan and attack Junyuli immediately, cut off the enemy's retreat. Tell Fan Tianen of the 335th Regiment, let him attack Feihushan and not be able to take Feihushan to see you!"
Yang Dayi
Fan Tianen, born in 1922, is from Tai'an City, Shandong Province.
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Fan Tianen, who was only 16 years old, joined the Eighth Route Army and officially became a member of the Anti-Japanese War. During his career in the War of Resistance Against Japan, Fan Tianen showed courage and was always ahead on the battlefield, fearing nothing like a newborn calf, and fighting bravely to fight the enemy.
He is a favorite general that Liang Xingchu likes very much. He was originally the chief of the combat section in the regiment. After knowing that he was going to enter North Korea to fight, he strongly demanded to transfer himself to the combat unit. , and he begged Liang Xingchu to agree to his request to go to the front line.
Liang Xingchu had no way to resist, so transferred him to the 332nd Regiment as the leader.
Fan Tianen
Before entering North Korea, the soldiers gathered together to hold a oath-taking meeting to gather together to boost morale. Everyone present was excited and hoped that they could enter North Korea smoothly, win the battle, and drive the enemy away.
Fan Tianen is no exception. At the oath-taking meeting, he shouted "Creation Model Group" with confidence and ambition, trying his best to achieve something on the battlefield.
After saying that, he challenged his brother troops around him. He wanted to see which unit is more powerful between the two units. The condition for judgment is to see which regiment can destroy an enemy regiment.
After entering North Korea, in November 1950, Fan Tianen received the task to fly to Feihu Mountain.
He immediately led the troops to set off. After a long marching, he soon arrived at the area where the division command was located. The commander of the
Division looked at Fan Tianen and the soldiers who had not closed their eyes for days and nights, and could fall asleep while standing, and felt very unbearable.
However, in order not to delay the military's combat, he pushed Fan Tianen, who was sleeping against the wall, and issued an order to continue moving forward.
On the way to set off, it was raining and snowing up and down, and everyone's eyes were filled with misty.
Bloody battle with Feihu Mountain
In the difficult combat environment, the soldiers carried their guns and equipment on their backs, braved the rain and snow, and rushed forward to fight to the death with the enemies they encountered, and seized Sumin Cave in one fell swoop. They did not dare to relax at all, and they immediately walked towards Feihu Mountain after a little repair.
Flying Tiger Mountain's position in the entire battle is very important. It is northeast of Jinchuan. If you stand on the top of a mountain, you can overlook Jinchuan and Junyuli.
More importantly, both Jinchuan and Junyuli are important hubs in northern North Korea.
Flying Tiger Mountain meets two places for less than 10 kilometers. If the enemy intends to invade Yalu River , then they will definitely pass here.
So volunteers all know that if they can master this position, it is equivalent to jamming the neck of the enemy advancing north, and at the same time cut off their backs, making them unable to move.
This place must be kept in hand, and the enemy must not be allowed to pass through here!
So, Fan Tianen led the 335th Regiment to use the terrain of Feihu Mountain to fight the enemy to a desperate battle. Finally, on the morning of November 4, the flag was successfully inserted into the main peak of Feihu Mountain.
Fan Tianen struck while the iron was hot and climbed Feihu Mountain, and ordered: "Send a battalion to attack the Junyuan in front!"
But he didn't expect that there were many enemy troops stationed in Junyuan, and one battalion was not enough at all. He was so angry that he quickly gave an order and sent another battalion to attack.
But before the team set off, the division headquarters issued a new order, requiring Fan Tianen to stop attacking Junyuli and defend on the spot. Because the situation of the war changed.
It turned out that after the US Eighth Group retreated on the 4th, in addition to leaving a part of the position at the beach to the north of the Qingchuan River, they summoned all the remaining main forces to retreat to the south of the Qingchuan River.
Peng Dehuai noticed the enemy's movements. He believed that the enemy would not just hold on, and might reorganize and gather and launch an attack.
So, he issued an order to the troops, asking them to:
"Consolidate victory, overcome current difficulties, prepare for another battle, if the enemy advances again, let them go deeper and then fight." As Peng Dehuai expected, the 8th Army of the US Army organized the Seventh Division of the South Korean Army and part of the US Army to launch an attack on Feihu Mountain. In the sky, hundreds of US military aircraft bombed Fan Tianen's troops in turn, with loud noises. On the ground, infantry covered a large number of tanks and more than 60 artillery , and attacked Feihu Mountain in a dense formation.
Faced with the attack, Fan Tianen was not panicked at all, but calmly commanded his soldiers to deal with the enemy's attack.
has no food, and the ammunition and weapons are almost gone. The soldiers are exhausted after continuous combat.
But they did not give up. They rely on the simple work they built, raised their weapons, and fought back again and again. They gritted their teeth and defeated the enemy.
Just like that, after 5 days and nights, the soldiers stuck the enemy north of Feihu Mountain and completed the mission.
Flying Tiger Mountain, each of the soldiers led by Fan Tianen fought desperately with the enemy with the belief of victory until the moment of victory.
An old Korean man who is familiar with Sinology was shocked by such a team. While he was deeply impressed by the volunteer army, he also wrote a poem for them to express his admiration:
"Ten thousand tigers fly on the Flying Tiger Mountain, and the reputation of becoming a righteous man is overwhelmed by the heroes, blood is sprinkled with the golden and blue soil of North Korea, and the friendship between China and North Korea shines together."
At that time, the hard-won victory did not have enough time for them to trim.
Bloody Battle of Songgufeng
After the desperate blocking of the volunteers on the Western Front, the US military was defeated. They wanted to retreat to the Eastern Front to the rear of the Chinese Volunteers and encircle them.
Peng Dehuai received a report from the US military that attempted to retreat through Sansuoli. After checking the map, he found that there was a highway connecting north and south west of Sansuoli, and there was a small town near the highway.
President Peng inferred that if the US military was blocked in the three schools, it would definitely change its course and flee south to Longyuanli.
Therefore, the 113th Division must also intercept the enemy in Longyuan.
Songgu Peak is located in the northeast of Longyuanli, with Jianchuan in the north and Junyuli in the northeast. At the foot of its mountain, there is a highway and a north-south railway on the east side of the highway.
occupied Songgu Peak, and the US military's troops could not retreat south smoothly.
Fighter planes should not be slacked off. Yang Dayi, the commander of the 113th Division, was anxious after receiving the order from the division headquarters. He found that Fan Tianen's troops were closest to Songgufeng and the fastest to rush over.
So he conveyed an order to Fan Tianen, asking them to stop the US troops fleeing south.
That night, the US military organized troops to flee south overnight. In order to intercept the US military, Fan Tianen led the 3rd company to seize the enemy's inevitable land, Songgufeng, and intercept the enemy.
It is quite difficult for the Volunteer Army to fight here. The terrain here is small and there are no trees surrounding it, so the field of view is relatively wide, which is not conducive to soldiers hiding during combat.
htmlOn the morning of the 230th, Fan Tianen summoned the entire 335th Regiment and planned to lead the entire regiment to station in Songgu Peak to attack the enemy.
He arranged the 1st Battalion in the area south of Songgufeng. As soon as the 1st Battalion was about to repair, he found a large number of enemies fleeing along the road. So he immediately ordered the 3rd Company to seize a high ground at Shutang Station on the southeast side of Songgufeng.
3 After a fierce battle, the soldiers climbed up the bare mountain bag. Before they could breathe, they heard the rumbling sound coming from afar.
When they saw that there were a large number of infantry, cars and tanks running towards them.
"Soldiers, keep fighting!"
The top of the mountain was dusty, gunfire was endless, and the burning gasoline and artillery fire dyed the entire mountain red. The soldiers were full of fighting spirit, roaring in their mouths, holding their guns high and shooting at the enemy.
No one retreated, no one put down his weapons, and they were all fighting to stand firm.
More and more enemy troops died, and the enemy could not stop the offensive, and became more and more anxious, so he looked for places to escape.
They saw the road beside Songgu Peak, so they planned to stick out from here and make the final resistance.
For a moment, the enemy threw all gasoline bombs and artillery shells at the 3rd Company, hoping to break through the 3rd Company's blockade. The barrel of the soldiers in the hands of
3 Company was bent by the US military's incendiary bullets, so they threw away the unused guns and picked up the bayonets to sprint.
The bayonet was also bent, so they used their flesh and blood to fight the enemy with bare hands.
In the fierce battle, the soldiers of the 3rd Company suffered heavy casualties, the platoon leader and squad leader died one after another. The remaining soldiers looked at the sacrificed companions around him and continued to face the enemies in front of him with grief.
Company Commander Dai Ruyi and instructor Yang Shaocheng gathered the remaining soldiers, and everyone burned the documents and notebooks in their hands together to prevent these secrets from falling into the hands of the enemy after they died in battle, and in this way they would show that they would live and die with the positions.
Batches of comrades fell down, and the enemy was still attacking.
Company Commander Dai Ruyi jumped to the enemy and inserted his bayonet straight into the enemy. A shell hit him, blowing his left leg off.
Dai Ruyi endured the pain on her body and crawled on the ground to continue commanding the battle to the soldiers around her. Another shell came, Dai Ruyi couldn't hide and stayed on the battlefield in a foreign land forever.
Instructor Yang Shaocheng frantically fired at the enemy. After the gun in his hand was not bulleted, he picked up the rifle on the ground and used a bayonet to fight the pounced enemy.
solved this enemy, but six or seven enemies rushed up around him and surrounded him. Yang Shaocheng looked around, pulled the grenade in his hand, and shouted : "Comrade guarding the position!"
The next second he died with the enemies around him.
Watching his soldiers falling down one by one, Fan Tianen was anxious, fearing that even if his soldiers were all dead, they would not be able to kill the enemy here.
So he called Liang Xingchu:
"Commander, the American artillery fire was too fierce. The first battalion was exhausted, the third battalion went up, and it was exhausted every hour. My guards were all up, and I sent some people here."
Liang Xingchu knew that Fan Tianen must have been out of ammunition and food and had no choice but to do so, but he had no soldiers now. could only force out a battalion to Fan Tianen, and also gave him a death order, requiring him to hold on.
plus this battalion, Fan Tianen and his soldiers struggled to support it. By the morning of the 16th, there were only dozens of people still alive.
At this time, Yang Dayi sent more than 100 people. Fan Tianen looked at the more than 100 people and thought they could hold on for a while. Unexpectedly, all of these hundred people were sacrificed in less than an hour.
Fan Tianen had no choice but to see that no one could hold on, so he could only send out the communications team in his own regiment.
Looking at the soldiers in the communication squad, Fan Tianen felt uncomfortable. He told the communication squad that if there was any physical problem, he would not have to go to the position.
But the communication soldiers who knew what they would encounter when they went to the position did not hesitate, and only heard a roar: "Captain, give me your bullets twenty more!" The soldiers of the communication squad did not retreat. They kept holding on to the position and repelled an attack from the US military.
On the afternoon of the 16th, he was about to be unable to withstand it, Fan Tianen sent more than 20 cultural teachers who had never fired a gun. Before going to the position, he taught them step by step how to use grenades.
Then, these more than 20 soldiers with five grenades on their waists rushed into the battlefield without looking back...
In this way, the soldiers tried their last breath to resist the enemy's attack.
38 The army struggled to support it until the evening of the 16th, and finally they waited for the order to retreat to the north bank of Hanjiang .
Fan Tianen, who has been sticking to this place, answered Yang Dayi's call: "The victory of the Eastern Front Counterattack was over, and more than 20,000 enemies were killed. The blocking mission was completed. Your troops can retreat."
Listen to the news of the bend, Fan Tianen breathed a sigh of relief, feeling that his tense nerves had also relaxed. The next second, he fainted on the ground.
Fan Tianen later recalled his military career in memory:
"If someone asks me what the longest and most difficult days seem, then tell him: the days and nights on the south bank of the Han River..."
In these more than 20 days and nights, Fan Tianen and his troops fought bloody battles, using weapons, ammunition, and even his own body to resist the enemy's attack.
They are not afraid of well-equipped US military, nor are they afraid of not having weapons in their hands.
In this way, all soldiers resisted the enemy with their tenacious will and completely restrained the 1st and 9th Army of the US Army on the Western Front. They effectively guaranteed the counterattack of the main forces of the Volunteer Army on the Eastern Front.
Looking at the battle report from the 38th Army, Peng Dehuai expressed his feelings in his heart: "This is an iron force."
After the Feihu Mountain Blocking Battle and the Songgufeng Blocking Battle , Fan Tianen became one of the Chinese commanders on the Korean battlefield that scared the enemy, and was also the most capable regiment commander among Chinese volunteer soldiers.
Later, someone asked Fan Tianen why he was so persistent in the Korean battlefield. After pondering for a long time, he replied:
"Where is willing to fight? It's so cruel, old man. It's the enemy who doesn't let us be safe. Then since we don't let us do it, let's do it. If you do it, you have to sacrifice."
"Sacrifice is spread on yourself, and you don't want to sacrifice, then this country is finished. Whoever is spread on the street is enough."
so, in order to protect your home and drive the enemy out, Fan Tianen still sticks to the battlefield. He continued to lead his 335th Regiment to fight fiercely with the enemy on the south bank of the Han River, without giving in until the end of the war.
After returning to China, Fan Tianen served as division commander, chief of staff and deputy commander.
1967 Fan Tianen was transferred to the position of deputy director of the Operations Department of the General Staff General Staff General Staff General Staff General Staff General Staff Deputy Minister of the Military Affairs Department, deputy director of the General Staff General Staff Military Affairs Department, and commander of the Yanwei Guard District of the People's Liberation Army Jinan Military Region, and later settled in Beijing.
died of illness in Beijing on December 2, 2001 at the age of 79. He once said that his greatest regret during his lifetime was that there was a 19-year-old soldier in the 335th Regiment. He was an orphan since childhood and eventually sacrificed his life for the country. He wanted to find the little warrior's family to help and support him, but he had no clue.
Fan Tianen
Songgufeng Battle , writer Wei Wei interviewed Fan Tianen and his soldiers on the battlefield, and also witnessed the tragic position.
Later wrote the sensational long newsletter " Who is the cutest person ". After the publication of the book
, Wei Wei wrote in the book given to Fan Tianen:
"Comrade Fan Tianen, you are the authors of this book."
The Korean War won the first international victory after the founding of New China, which has indelible revolutionary significance for improving my country's diplomatic environment. Behind the Chinese stand up is the righteousness of these revolutionary ancestors to sacrifice themselves for the country, and we will always remember this.
What do you think about Fan Tianen and his 335th Group? Welcome to leave your opinion in the comment section.
